लखनऊ का इतिहास
lakhanoo ka itihas
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| vivaran | 'lakhanoo' bharat ke sarvadhik prachin nagaroan mean se ek hai. gomati nadi ke tat par sthit lakhanoo 'bharatiy itihas' mean ghatit kee mahattvapoorn ghatanaoan ka sakshi raha hai. |
| rajy | uttar pradesh |
| prachin nam | 'lakshmanapur' ya 'lakshmanavati' |
| sthapana | isaki sthapana shriram ke anuj lakshman ne ki thi, kintu isake vartaman svaroop ki sthapana navab asafuddaula ne 1775 ee. mean ki thi. |
| navab | sadat khaan, safadar jang, shujauddaula, gaziuddin haidar, nasiruddin haidar, vajid ali shah |
| prasiddh imaratean | ghantaghar, jama masjid, b da imamaba da, roomi daravaza, resideansi sangrahalay, chhatar manzil |
| any janakari | mugal badashah akabar ke samay mean chauk mean sthit 'akabari daravaze' ka nirman hua tha. jahaangir aur shahajahaan ke jamane mean bhi imaratean banian, kiantu lakhanoo ki vastavik unnati to navabi kal mean huee. |
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lakhanoo bharat ke sarvadhik prasiddh shaharoan mean se ek hai. desh ke sarvadhik abadi vale rajy uttar pradesh ki yah rajadhani hai. kisi samay mean yah 'navaboan ke shahar' ke nam se vikhyat tha. aj lakhanoo ko 'bagoan ka shahar' kaha jata hai. yahaan rajakiy sangrahalay bhi hai, jisaki sthapana 1863 ee. mean ki gee thi. 500 varsh purani muslim sant shah mina ki qabr bhi yahian par hai. gomati nadi ke tat par sthit lakhanoo 'bharatiy itihas' mean ghatit kee mahattvapoorn ghatanaoan ka sakshi raha hai.
sthapana
sthaniy janashruti ke anusar is nagar ka prachin nam 'lakshmanapur' ya 'lakshmanavati' tha aur isaki sthapana shriramachandr ji ke anuj lakshman ne ki thi. shriram ki rajadhani ayodhya lakhanoo ke nikat hi sthit hai. nagar ke purane bhag mean ek ooancha dhooh hai, jise aj bhi 'lakshmanatila' kaha jata hai.
aurangazeb dvara vidhvansh
hal mean hi lakshmanatile ki khudaee se vaidik kalin avashesh prapt hue haian. yahi tila jis par ab mugal badashah aurangazeb ke samay mean bani masajid hai, yahaan ka prachinatam sthal hai. is sthan par lakshman ji ka prachin mandir tha, jise is dharmandh badashah ne kashi, mathura adi ke prachin aitihasik mandiroan ke saman hi tu dava dala tha.
mugal sthapaty
lakhanoo ka prachin itihas aprapy hai. isaki vishesh unnati ka itihas madhy kal ke pashchath hi prarambh hua jan p data hai, kyoanki hindoo kal mean, ayodhya ki vishesh mahatta ke karan lakhanoo pray: ajnat hi raha. sarvapratham, mugal badashah akabar ke samay mean chauk mean sthit 'akabari daravaze' ka nirman hua tha. jahaangir aur shahajahaan ke jamane mean bhi imaratean banian, kiantu lakhanoo ki vastavik unnati to navabi kal mean huee.
navaboan ki parampara
muhammadashah ke samay mean dilli ka mugal samrajy chhinn-bhinn hone laga tha. 1720 ee. mean avadh ke soobedar sadat khaan ne lakhanoo mean svatantr saltanat kayam kar li aur lakhanoo ke shiya sanpraday ke navaboan ki prakhyat paranpara ka aranbh kiya. usake pashchath lakhanoo mean safadarajang, shujauddaula, gaziuddin haidar, nasiruddin haidar, muhammad ali shah aur aant mean lokapriy navab vajid ali shah ne kramashah shasan kiya.
asafuddaula ka yogadan
navab asafuddaula (1795-1797 ee.) ke samay mean rajadhani phaisalabad se lakhanoo laee gee. asafuddaula ne lakhanoo mean b da imamaba da, vishal roomi daravaza aur asafi masajid namak imaratean banavaeean. inamean se adhikaansh imaratean akal pi ditoan ko mazadoori dene ke lie banavaee gee thian. asafuddaula ko lakhanoo nivasi "jise n de maula, use de asafuddaula" kahakar yad karate haian. asafuddaula ke jamane mean hi any kee prasiddh bhavan, bazar tatha daravaze bane the, jinamean pramukh haian- 'daulatakhana', 'reanjidaiansi', 'bibiyapur kothi', 'chaik bazar' adi.
asafuddaula ke uttaradhikari
- asafuddaula ke uttaradhikari sadat ali khaan (1798-1814 ee.) ke shasan kal mean 'dilakushamahal', 'beli garad daravaza' aur 'lal baradari' ka nirman hua.
- gaziuddin haidar (1814-1827 ee.) ne 'motimahal', 'mubarak manjil sadatali' aur 'khurshidazadi' ke maqabare adi banavae.
- nasiruddin haidar ke jamane mean prasiddh 'chhatar manjil' aur 'shahanajaf' adi bane.
- muhammad alishah (1837-1842 ee.) ne 'husainabad ka imamaba da', 'b di jama masjid' aur 'husainabad ki baradi' banavayi.
- vajid ali shah (1822-1887 ee.) ne lakhanoo ke vishal evan bhavy 'kaisar bag' ka nirman karavaya. yah kalapriy evan vilasi navab yahaan kee-kee din chalane vale apane sangit, natakoan ka, jinamean 'iandrasabha natak' pramukh tha, abhinay karavaya karata tha.
aangrezoan ka adhikar
1856 ee. mean aangrezoan ne vajid ali shah ko gaddi se utar kar avadh ki riyasat ki samapti kar di aur use british bharat mean sammilit kar liya. 1857 ee. ke bharat ke pratham svatantrata sangram mean lakhanoo ki janata ne rejideansi tatha any imaratoan par adhikar kar liya tha, kintu shighr hi punah rajy satta aangrezoan ke hath mean chali gee aur svatantrata yuddh ke sainikoan ko kathor dand diya gaya.
yoonaited provins ya 'yoopi'
san 1902 mean 'narth vest provins' ka nam badal kar 'yoonaitid provins aauf agara end avadh' kar diya gaya. sadharan bolachal ki bhasha mean ise 'yoonaited provins' ya 'yoopi' kaha gaya. san 1920 mean pradesh ki rajadhani ko ilahabad se badal kar lakhanoo kar diya gaya. 'akhil bharatiy kisan sabha' ka ayojan 1934 ee. mean lakhanoo mean hi kiya gaya tha. svatantrata ke bad 12 janavari sanh 1950 mean isaka nam badal kar uttar pradesh rakh diya gaya aur lakhanoo isaki rajadhani bana. is prakar yah apane poorv laghunam 'yoopi' se ju da raha.
uchch nyayalay
pradesh ka uchch nyayalay ilahabad hi bana raha aur lakhanoo mean uchch nyayalay ki ek nyayapith sthapit ki gayi.
goviand vallabh pant is pradesh ke pratham mukhyamantri bane. aktoobar, 1963 mean sucheta kripalani uttar-pradesh evan bharat ki pratham mahila mukhyamantri banian. lakhanoo ke saansad atal bihari vajapeyi do bar, 16 mee, 1996 se 1 joon, 1996 tak aur phir 19 march, 1998 se 22 mee, 2004 tak bharat ke pradhanamantri rahe.
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vithika
- chitr:Dilkusha-Lucknow-3.jpg
dilakusha, lakhanoo (1858)
- chitr:A-Veiw-Of-Lucknow-1.jpg
roomi daravaza, lakhanoo (1860)
- chitr:Asafi-Masjid-Bara-Imambara.jpg
asafi masjid, b da imamaba da, lakhanoo
- chitr:Bara-Imambara-Lucknow-2.jpg
b da imamaba da, lakhanoo (1900)
- chitr:Lucknow-1.jpg
prachin lakhanoo ka ek drishy (1858)
- chitr:Victoria-Park-Lucknow-1.jpg
viktoriya park, lakhanoo
- chitr:View-From-The-Fort-Lucknow.jpg
qile se lakhanoo ka ek drishy (1864)
- chitr:Chattar-Manzil-Lucknow-1.jpg
chhatar manzil, lakhanoo (1880)
- chitr:Street-Scene-Lucknow.jpg
prachin lakhanoo ke bazar ka ek drishy (1800)
tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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