भारतीय रुपया

भारत डिस्कवरी प्रस्तुति
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thumb|bharatiy rupe ka pratik chihn bharatiy rupe ka pratik chihn aantararashtriy star par adan-pradan tatha arthik sanbalata ko parilakshit kar raha hai. rupe ka chihn bharat ke lokachar ka bhi ek roopak hai. rupe ka yah naya pratik devanagari lipi ke 'r' aur roman lipi ke akshar 'ar' ko mila kar bana hai, jisamean ek kshaitij rekha bhi bani huee hai. yah rekha hamare rashtradhvaj tatha barabar ke chihn ko pratibianbit karati hai. bharat sarakar ne 15 julaee, 2010 ko is chihn ko svikar kar liya hai.

yah chihn bharatiy praudyogiki sansthan (aeeaeeti), mumbee ke post grejuet dijain shri di. uday kumar ne banaya hai. is chihn ko vitt mantralay dvara ayojit ek khuli pratiyogita mean prapt hazaroan dijayanoan mean se chuna gaya hai. is pratiyogita mean bharatiy nagarikoan se rupe ke ne chihn ke lie dijain amantrit kie ge the. is chihn ko dijital takanik tatha kampyootar program mean sthapit karane ki prakriya chal rahi hai.

rupe ka itihas

thumb|bharatiy ek rupaye ka sikka (1862)thumb|bharatiy adha ana ka sikka (1945)thumb|aitihasik bharatiy sikke

bharat vishv ki un pratham sabhyatao mean se hai jahaan sikko ka prachalan shuroo hua. lagabhag 6vi sadi eesa poorv mean rupe shabd ka arth, shabd roopa se joda ja sakata hai jisaka arth hota hai chaandi. sanskrit mean roopyakamh ka arth hai chaandi ka sikka.

rupaya shabd sanh 1540 - 1545 ke bich sherashah soori ke dvara jari kie ge chaandi ke sikko ke lie upayog mean laya gaya. mool rupaya chaandi ka sikka hota tha, jisaka vajan 11.34 gram tha. yah sikka british bharat ke shasan kal mean bhi upayog mean laya jata raha.

bisavian sadi mean faras ki kha di ke deshoan[1] tatha arab mulkoan mean bharatiy rupaya mudra ke taur par prachalit thi. sone ki taskari ko rokane tatha bharatiy mudra ke bahar mean prayog ko rokane ke lie mee 1959 mean bharatiy rizarv baiank ne galf rupi[2] ka vipanan kiya. sath ke dashak mean kuvait tatha baharin ne apani svatantrata ke bad apani khud ki mudra prayog mean lani shuroo ki tatha 1966 mean bharatiy rupaye mean hue avamoolyan se bachane ke lie qatar ne bhi apani mudra shuroo kar di .[3]

chaandi ka rupaya

aitihasik taur par rupaya chaandi par adharit mudra thi. 19vi shatabdi mean isake viparit parinam hue, jab yoorop aur amerika mean bhari paimane mean chaandi ki khoj huee. us samay ki mazaboot arthavyavasthaean sone par adharit thi. chaandi ki khoj se chaandi aur sone ke sapekshit moolyo mean bhari aantar aya. achanak hi bharat ki mudra vishv bazar mean utana nahian kharid sakati thi jitana pahale. ise "'rupe ki giravat'" ke nam se bhi jana jata hai. shuruat mean ek roope ko 16 ana, 64 paisoan ya 192 paee mean baanta gaya. yani 1 ana 16 paisoan ya 12 paee mean vibhajit tha.

kagaz ke noto ki shuruat

rupayo ke kagaz ke noto ko sabase pahale jari karane valo mean se the baiank aauph hindustan (1770-1832), d janaral baiank aauph bangal eand bihar (1773-75, varen hastigs dvara sthapit) aur d bangal baiank (1784-91).

shuruat mean baiank aauph bangal dvara jari kie ge kagaz ke noto pe keval ek taraph hi chhapa hota tha. isame sone ki ek mohar bani thi aur yah 100, 250, 500 adi vargo mean the. bad ke not mean ek belaboota bana tha jo ek mahila akriti, vyapar ka manavikaran darshata tha. yah not dono or chhape hote the, tin lipioan urdoo, bangali aur devanagari mean yah chhape hote the, jisame pichhe ki taraph baiank ki chhap hoti thi. 1800 sadi ke aant tak notoan ke moolabhav britani ho ge aur jali banane se rokane ke lie uname any kee lakshan jode ge.

vithika


panne ki pragati avastha
adhar
prarambhik
madhyamik
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shodh

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tika tippani aur sandarbh

  1. kha di desh
  2. kha di rupaya
  3. Qatar (aangrezi). . abhigaman tithi: 9 sitambar, 2010.

bahari k diyaan

sanbandhit lekh

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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

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