उदासी सम्प्रदाय
udasi sampraday sikkh dharm ke sampradayoan mean se ek hai. udasi sampraday ka prarambh lagabhag 1439 ee. mean hua tha. isake pravartak nanak ke putr shrichandr the. sikkhoan ke mukhy roop se do sampraday haian- 'sahijadhari' aur 'sianh'. sahijadhariyoan evan sianhoan ke bhi kee up-sampraday haian. udasi (sannyasamargi) sahijadhari shakha ke haian. udasi sanpraday ke sadhu saansarik batoan ki or se vishesh roop se tatasth rahate ae haian aur inaki bholi bhali evan sadi ahiansatmak pravritti ke karan inhean sikh guru amaradas tatha goviandasianh ne jain dharm dvara prabhavit aur akarmany tak man liya tha. parantu guru haragoviand ke putr baba guraanditta ne sanpraday ke sangathan evan vikas mean sahayog diya aur tab se isaka adhik prachar bhi hua.
- shrichandr ne guru nanak dev ke mat ko kuchh vyapak roop dekar yah naya mat chalaya tha, jo sanatani hinduoan ke nikat hai.
- udasi, jo ki sanskrit ke 'udas' shabd se aya hai, isaka arth hai- 'parityag karana' ya 'vairagy lena'. is panth mean sadasyoan ke brahmachary aur sannyas ko zaroori mana jata hai.
- chhathe sikkh guru haragobind sianh ke b de putr baba guruditta ke netritv mean is sanpraday ne sikkhoan ke grihakshetr panjab ke uttar aur poorv mean dharm pracharak ka kary kiya. unhoanne 'khalasa' ke pratik paanch kakar- 'kesh', 'kangha', 'kripan', 'kachchha' aur 'k da'- ko nahian apanaya.[1]
- udasi panth ke log bal katavate haian aur unhean dadhi banane ki ijazat hoti hai.
- is panth ke log lal rang ke kap de pahanate haian tatha jati soochak namoan, janeoo aur amataur par hindoo sannyasiyoan se ju di prarthana pustakoan ka upayog karate haian.
- udasi panth ke anuyayiyoan ka amritasar, panjab mean pramukh sikkh mandir, svarn mandir (haramandir) ke bagal mean apana alag mandir hai.
shakhaean
isaki char pradhan shakhaoan mean:-
- phool sahibabali bahadurapur ki shakha,
- baba hasan ki anandapur ke nikatavarti charanakaul ki shakha,
- alamast sahab ki puri namak nainital ki shakha, tatha
- goviandasahab ki shikarapuravali shakha prasaddhi haian
ye shakhaean ek doosari se svatantr bhi jan p dati haian. viliyam kuk ne is sanpraday ko nanakashahi panth ka nam dekar usake mukhy gurudvare ka dehara mean hona batalaya hai; phir unhoanne yah bhi kaha hai ki poorvi bharat ke aantargat isaki 370 gaddiyoan ka paya jana kaha jata hai. sanpraday ke log adhikatar malava, jalandhar, phirojapur, kashi evan rohatak mean hi pae jate haian aur unamean se bahut se bhramanashil roop mean hi dikh p date haian. udasiyoan ke akhadoan athava sanpraday ki vividh shakhaoan ko bhi pray: 'dhuni' va 'dhuvaan' ka nam diya jata hai. isake anuyayiyoan mean yah bhi prasiddh hai ki isake kabul sthit keandr mean ab bhi ek aisi dhuni jal rahi hai jise svayan shrichandr ji ne prajvalit kiya tha.
parichay
udasi log ya to naga hua karate haian jinake namoan ke age 'das' ya 'sharan' ki upadhi lagi rahati hai ya ve 'paramahans' hote haian aur unake namoan ke sath 'anand' shabd ju da rahata hai, kiantu is niyam ka palan kadachit sarvatr nahian dikh p data. naga logoan ke pahanave ka vastr bahut kam raha karata hai, ve apane sharir par bhasm ka prayog bhi adhik kare haian tatha b de-b de bal aur 'seli' rakha karate haian. jahaan unaki shvet, lal va kali langoti ki jagah paramahansoan ka pahanava gairik vastroan ka raha karata hai aur ve adhik sade aur mukhtimuand bhi rahate haian, vahaan bhasm dharan karana aur kabhi-kabhi rudraksh ki mala pahanana bhi in donoan vargoan ke sadhuoan mean paya jata hai. bhasm va vibhooti ke prati is sanpraday ke anuyayiyoan ki b di shraddha rahati hai aur ve ise pray: b de yatn ke sath surakshit bhi rakha karate haian. diksha ke samay guru inhean nahalakar bhasm laga diya karata hai aur inhean apana charanodak deta hai jisaka ye pan kar lete haian. tatpashchath inhean koee naya nam diya jata hai aur dikshamantr dvara dikshit kar diya jata hai. udasiyoan ka priy mantr 'charan sadhu ka dho-dho piyo. aram sadhu ko apana jiyo hai. ye, ek doosare se bheant hone par, sadharanat: Om namo brahmane kahakar abhivadan karate haian. ye log sikhoan ke poojy 'adigranth' ko vishesh mahatv dete haian aur ghanta gh diyal bajakar usaki arati kiya karate haian. inake yahaan hianduoan ke anek vratoan evan tyoharoan ka bhi prachalan ho gaya hai, kiantu inaka ek vishisht utsav shrichandr ji ki jayanti ke roop mean bhi manaya jata hai.
darshanik vicharadhara
udasiyoan ki darshanik vicharadhara dashanamiyoan se bahut milati julati hai aur vah, isi karan, jnanapradhan bhi kahi ja sakati hai. parantu dashanami log jahaan apane ko pray: 'smart' manate haian vahaan udasi apane ko 'shraut' kaha karate haian. inaki kashi, vriandavan evan haridvar jaise kuchh sthanoan mean prithakh pathashalaean chalati hai jahaan adhikatar sanskrit bhasha mean rachit dharmik granthoan ka adhyapan hota hai. inaki vriandavanavali pathashala ka ek nam 'vriandavan shraut muni ashram' prasiddh hai. yadyapi dashanami sadhuoan ki bhaanti ye log shiv ko adhik mahatv nahian dete, phir bhi ye pray: 'tripuand' dharan karate haian aur vaise hi kamandalu bhi rakhate haian. inake yahaan stri udasi athava udasiniyoan ki sankhya atyant kam dikh p dati hai. is sanpraday ke anuyayiyoan par samay pakar any anek sanpradayoan ka nyoonadhik prabhav p d chuka hai aur ye katipay sudharoan ki or bhi akrisht hote jan p date haian.[2]
not:- 'udasi' nam ke sath kuchh sanpraday bhi milate haian, jaise 'udasi kabir' adi, kiantu unase inaka koee pratyaksh sanbandh nahian hai.[3]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ bharat jnanakosh, khand-1 |lekhak: iandu ramachandani |prakashak: eansaiklopidiya britainika praivet limited, nee dilli aur p aaupyular prakashan, mumbee |sankalan: bharatakosh pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 232 |
- ↑ hindi vishvakosh, khand 2 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 98 |
- ↑ san.gran.-ji.es. ghuraye : iandiyan sadhooz, d papular buk dipo, banbee, 1953; viliyam kuk : e gl aausari ee.bha.bha. 4; parashuram chaturvedi : uttari bharat mean santaparanpara (lidar pres, prayag, san. 2008); sitaram chaturvedi : jayasadhuvela (sadhuvela ashram, 259, bhadaini, banaras, vi. 2009).
sanbandhit lekh
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