बेरिलियम
- REDIRECTsaancha:Infobox element
beriliyam (aangrezi:Beryllium) avart sarani ke dvitiy samooh ka pahala tatv hai. beriliyam ka keval ek sthir samasthanik paya gaya hai, jisaki dravyaman sankhya 9 hai, parantu dravyaman sankhya 7, 8 aur 10 vale asthir samasthanik kritrim vidhiyoan se nirmit hue haian. panna aur berooj beriliyam ke yaugik haian, jo puratan kal se ratn ke roop mean apanae ge haian. anekoan aise khanij padarth jnat haian, jinamean beriliyam sanyukt avastha mean rahata hai. any srotoan se beriliyam prapt karana bahut manhaga p data hai.
beriliyam ki khoj
1798 ee. mean sarvapratham voklaian ne beriliyam ko beril ayask se prithakh kiya, jisake adhar par isaka nam beriliyam rakha gaya tha. beriliyam ke viley lavan mithe svad ke hote haian. is karan beriliyam ka nam glusinam bhi rakha gaya tha, parantu ab yah nam lupt ho gaya hai. 1828 ee. mean sarvapratham valar ne beriliyam dhatu taiyar ki.
nirman
sarvapratham beril ayask ko kailsiyam athava sodiyam karbonet, ke sath sangalit karate haian. tatpashchath salphyoorik aml ke sath uchch tap par garm jal mean ghulate haian. vilayan se ailuminiyam ko amoniyam elam ke roop mean kristalikrit kiya jata hai. bache vilayan se beriliyam salphet ke kristal prapt ho jaeange, jise jalane par beriliyam aauksaid prapt hoga.
gun
beriliyam halki, chamakadar, shvet rang ki kathor dhatu hai. beriliyam mean ispat ki si pratyasthata hai. beriliyam mean eks vikiran ailyoominiyam se 17 guna adhik pravesh kar sakata hai. beriliyam dhatu mean dhvani ka veg ispat se dhaee guna adhik (12,600 mitar prati sekand) hai. isake kuchh bhautik sthiraank nimnaankit haian :
beriliyam ke sanket Be, paramanu sankhya 4, paramanu bhar 9.012, galanaank 1,280° sean., kvathanaank 2,770° sean. ghanatv 1.86 gram prati gh.seanmi., paramanu vyas 2.25 aiangstr aaum (A°), vidyut pratirodhakata 5.88 maikroom seanmi. tatha ayanikaran vibhav 9.320 ivo. hai.
rasayanik abhikriyaoan mean beriliyam ki samanata maignishiyam tatha ailyoominiyam donoan se hai. is karan is samanata ko vikarn samamiti kahate haian. beriliyam mean maignishiyam se kam, parantu ailyuminiyam se adhik, dhatu gun haian. ailyoominiyam ki bhaanti beriliyam ko vayu mean garm karane par, usaki satah par aauksaid ki patali parat jam jati hai, jo aauksijan ke adhik akraman ko rokati hai. beriliy dhatu amloan dvara ghul jati hai, parantu usake lavan shighr jalavishleshit hote haian. beriliyam dhatu hailojan tatvoan se uchch tap par abhikriya kar, yaugik banati hai. 1,200 °sean. tap par beriliyam karban aur naitrojan se abhikriya karata hai.
upayog
- eks-re upakaranoan mean beriliyam ke gavaksh prayukt ho rahe haian.
- beriliyam se vayuyanoan ke karaburetar, phloorosent, tayoobs, niaaun sigrals, saiklotran tatha visphotak padarth bhi banaye jate haian.
- beriliyam ka sarvadhik upayog mishradhatuoan ke nirman mean kiya jata hai.
- jangarodhi ispat mean 1 pratishat beriliyam ki sookshm matra milane par, usase bana hua spriang atyant kathor ho jata hai. beriliyam-tamr mishradhatu ka spriang banane mean bahut upayog ho raha hai. yah spriang sanksharan pratirodhi tatha tikaoo hota hai. any dhatuoan mean beriliyam ki sookshm matra (0.005 pratishat) milane par, ve aauksikaran pratirodhi ho jate haian.
prapti sthan
beriliyam ki prapti agney chattanoan se hoti haian. bharat mean aisa beril, jo beriliyam nirman ke lie uttam siddh hua hai, ajamer, bihar rajy tatha tamilanadu rajy mean milata hai.
beriliyam ki prapti ke pramukh kshetr haian- jharakhand mean hazaribag, kodarama tatha, bihar mean gaya zile ke kshetr, rajasthan mean udayapur, baansava da, dooangarapur tatha ajamer zile, aandhr pradesh ka nellaur tatha tamilanadu ka koyambatoor zila.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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| Li | Be | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Na | Mg | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cs | Ba | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn | ||||||||||
| Fr | Ra | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Uut | Uuq | Uup | Lv | Uus | Uuo | ||||||||||
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