अरुणा आसफ़ अली
bharat ke svatantrata aandolan mean agrani bhoomika nibhane vali kraantikari, jujharoo neta shrimati arun asaphali ka nam itihas mean namit hai. shrimati aruna asaphali ne san 1942 ee. ke ‘aangrejoan bharat chho do’ aandolan mean mahattvapoorn yogadan ko vismrit nahian kiya ja sakata. desh ko azad karane ke lie aruna ji nirantar varshoan aangrejoan se sangharsh karati rahi thian.
janm
aruna ji ka janm bangali parivar mean [ [16 julaee]] san 1909 ee. mean hua tha. inaka parivar jati se brahman tha. inaka nam 'aruna gaanguli' tha. aruna ji ne skooli shiksha nainital mean prapt ki thi. yah bahut hi kushagr buddhi aur padhaee likhaee mean bahut chatur thian. balyakal se hi kaksha mean sarvochch sthan pati thian. bachapan mean hi unhoanne apani buddhimatta aur chaturata ki dhak jama di thi.
vivah
aruna ji ne san 1928 ee. mean apana aantarjatiy prem vivah suvikhyat vakil asaphali se kar liya tha. unake pita is aantarjatiy vivah ke viruddh the aur muslim yuvak asaphali ke sath apani beti ki shadi kisi bhi qimat par karane ko razi nahian the. aruna ji svatantr vicharoan ki aur svatah nirnay lene vali yuvati thian. unhoanne mata-pita ke virodh ke bad bhi svechchha se shadi kar li. vivah ke bad vah pati ke pas a geean, aur pati ke sath premapoorvak rahane lagian.
svatantrata andolan mean sakriy bhag
paratantrata mean bharat ki durdasha aur aangrezoan ke atyachar dekhakar vivah ke uparaant shrimati aruna asaphali svatantrata-sangram mean sakriy bhag lene lagian. unhoanne mahatma gaandhi aur maulana abul qalam azad ki sabhaoan mean bhag lena prarambh kar diya. vah in donoan netaoan ke sanpark mean aeean aur unake sath karmathata, se rajaniti mean bhag lene lagian, ve phir lokanayak jayaprakash narayan, ram manohar lohiya aur achyut patavarddhan ke sath kaangres soshalist parti se sanbaddh ho geean.
savinay avajna aandolan mean bhag
shrimati aruna asaphali san 1930 ee. mean savinay avajna aandolan mean pahali bar giraphtar hokar jel geean. aruna ji san 1932 ee. aur san 1941 ee. mean bhi aangreji sarakar dvara giraphtar kar jel bheji gee thian. aangreji sarakar unase bahut pareshan thi, kyoanki unaki ganana khataranak kraantikariyoan mean hoti thi. british sarakar unhean jel mean band rakhana chahati thi.
bhoomigat jivan
san 1942 ee. banbee ke 'gvaliya taiank maidan' mean prashasan ko chunauti dekar aruna asaph ali ne nirbhik hokar sahasapoorvak tiranga jhanda phaharaya aur turant bad ve bhoomigat ho gee thian. british sarakar pata lagate-lagate pareshan hoti rahi par shrimati aruna asaphali unake hath nahian lagian. ==kaangres kameti ki nirvachit adhyaksh== do varsh ke aantaral ke bad san 1946 ee. mean vah bhoomigat jivan se bahar a geean. bhoomigat jivan se bahar ane ke bad san 1947 ee. mean shrimati aruna asaphali dilli pradesh kaangres kameti ki adhyaksha nirvachit ki geean. dilli mean kaangres sangathan ko inhoanne sudridh kiya.
kaangres se soshalist parti mean
san 1948 ee. mean shrimati aruna asaphali soshalist parti mean sammilit huyian aur do sal bad san 1950 ee. mean unhoanne alag se ‘lepht speshalist parti’ banaee aur ve sakriy hokar 'majadoor-aandolan' mean ji jan se jut geean. aant mean san 1955 ee. mean is parti ka 'bharatiy kamyanist parti' mean vilay ho gaya.
bhakapa mean
shrimati aruna asaphali bhakapa ki keandriy samiti ki sadasya aur ‘aaul iandiya tred yooniyan kaangres’ ki upadhyaksha banaee gee thian. san 1958 ee. mean unhoanne 'marksavadi kamyunist parti' bhi chho d di. san 1964 ee. mean pan. javaharalal neharoo ke nidhan ke pashchat ve punah 'kaangres parti' se ju dian, kiantu adhik sakriy nahian rahian.
dilli nagar nigam ki pratham mahapaur
shrimati aruna asaphali san 1958 ee. mean 'dilli nagar nigam' ki pratham mahapaur (Mayor) chuni geean. meyar banakar unhoanne dilli ke vikas, saphaee, aur svasthy adi ke lie bahut achchha kary kiya aur nagar nigam ki kary pranali mean bhi unhoanne yathesht sudhar kie.
sangathanoan se sambandh
shrimati aruna asaphali ‘iando soviyat kalcharal sosaiti’, ‘aaul iandiya pis kauansil’, tatha ‘neshanal phaidareshan aauph iandiyan voomain’, adi san' aur in sansthaoan ke lie unhoanne b di lagan, nishtha, eemanadari aur sakriyata se kary kiya.
puraskar
shrimati aruna asaphali ko san 1964 mean ‘lenin shaanti puraskar’, san 1991 mean 'javaharalal neharoo aantarrashtriy sadbhavana puraskar', 1992 mean 'padm vibhooshan' aur ‘iandira gaandhi avard’ (rashtriy ekata ke lie) se sammanit kiya gaya tha.
bharat ratn
1997 mean unhean maranoparaant bharat ke 'sarvochch nagarik samman' bharat ratn se sammanit kiya gaya.
dak tikat
1998 mean un par ek dak hai. tikat jari kiya gaya. unake samman mean nee dilli ki ek s dak ka nam unake nam par 'aruna asiph ali marg' rakha gaya
athavean dashak mean
aruna asaph ali ki apani vishisht jivanashaili thi. umr ke athavean dashak mean bhi vah sarvajanik parivahan se saphar karati thian. kaha jata hai ki ek bar aruna ji dilli mean yatriyoan se bhari bas mean savar thian. koee bhi jagah baithane ke lie khali n thi. usi bas mean adhunik jivan shaili ki ek yuva mahila bhi savar thi. ek vyakti ne yuva mahila ke lie apani jagah use de di aur us yuva mahila ne shishtachar ke karan apani sit aruna ji ko de di. aisa karane par vah vyakti bura man gaya aur yuva mahila se bola - 'yah sit to maianne apake lie khali ki thi bahan.' isake uttar mean aruna asaph ali turant bolian - 'beta! maan ko kabhi n bhoolana, kyoanki maan ka adhikar bahan se pahale hota hai.' yah sunakar vah vyakti bahut sharmianda hua aur usane aruna ji se mafi maangi.
samacharapatr petriyat
dilli se prakashit vamapanthi aangreji dainik samachar patr ‘petriyat’ se ve jivanaparyant karmathata se ju di rahian.
nidhan
ve vriddhavastha mean bahut shaant aur ganbhir svabhav ki ho gee thian. maian unaki atmiyata aur sneh ko kabhi bhula nahian sakata. vastav mean ve mahan deshabhakt thian. vayovriddh svatantrata senani shrimati aruna asaphali 87 varsh ki ayu mean dinaank 29 julaee, san 1996 ee. ko is sansar ko chho dakar sadaiv ke lie door-bahut door chali geean. unaki sukirti aj bhi amar hai.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
- bharat ratn sammanit vyaktitv soochi, bharat sarakar
- bharat ratn, bharat sarakar
- Those who said no to top awards, Times Of India
link=#top|center|oopar jayean |
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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