उत्तर प्रदेश

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uttar pradesh
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rajadhani	lakhanoo
rajabhasha(ean)	hindi, urdoo
sthapana	1950/01/12
janasankhya	166,052,859
· ghanatv	689 /varg kimi
kshetraphal	240928 km²
jalavayu	ushnadeshiy manasoon
tapaman	31 °C
· grishm	46 °C
· sharad	5°C
mandal	18
zile	71
sabase b da nagar	kanapur
mahanagar	kanapur
b de nagar	lakhanoo, ilahabad, agara, merath, varanasi(banaras), gaziyabad, kanapur
mukhy aitihasik sthal	varanasi, agara, ilahabad, kannauj, kushinagar, kaushambi, chitrakoot, jhaansi, faizabad, merath, mathura
mukhy paryatan sthal	mathura, vrindavan, agara, varanasi, ayodhya, chitrakoot, fatehapur sikari, saranath, shravasti, kushinagar
mukhy dharm-sampraday	hihndoo, muslim, eesaee, bauddh, jain evan any
liang anupat	1000:898 ♂/♀
saksharata	57.36%
· stri	42.97%
· purush	70.22%
uchch nyayalay	ilahabad
rajyapal	bi. el. joshi
mukhyamantri	mayavati
neta virodhi dal	shivapal sianh yadav
vidhanasabha sadasy	404
vidhan parishad sadasy	100
lokasabha kshetr	80
bahari k diyaan	adhikarik vebasait
adyatan‎	2010/03/25
120px|center

uttar pradesh / Uttar Pradesh

"aank de" ek jhalak ke lie klik karean

uttar pradesh bharat ka janasankhya ke adhar par sabase b da rajy hai. lakhanoo pradesh ki prashasanik rajadhani aur ilahabad nyayik rajadhani hai. uttar pradesh ke doosare mahattvapoorn nagar- agara, aligadh, ayodhya, bareli, merath, varanasi( banaras), gorakhapur, gaziyabad, muradabad, saharanapur, faizabad, kanapur haian. is rajy ke p dosi rajy haian - uttaraanchal, himachal pradesh, hariyana, dilli, rajasthan, madhy pradesh, chhattisagadh, jharakhand, bihar. uttar pradesh ki poorvottar disha mean nepal desh hai. [[chitr:Tajmahal-1.jpg|thumb|tajamahal, agara
Tajmahal, Agra|left]] uttar pradesh saghan abadi vale ganga aur yamuna ke maidan mean basa hai. lagabhag 16 karo d ki janasankhya ke sath uttar pradesh keval bharat hi nahian balki vishv ki sarvadhik abadi vala uparashtriy pradesh hai. samooche vishv ke sirph paanch rashtroan chin, bharat, sanyukt amarika, iandonishiya aur brazil ki janasankhya hi uttar-pradesh ki janasankhya se adhik hai. uttar pradesh ka bharatiy evan hindoo dharm ke itihas mean bahut yogadan hai. uttar pradesh adhunik itihas aur rajaniti ka sadaiv se kendr bindu raha hai. yahaan ke nivasiyoan ne svatantrata sangram andolan mean pramukh bhoomika nibhayi thi. ilahabad shahar mean vikhyat netaoan- motilal neharu, purushottamadas tandan aur lalabahadur shastri adi pramukh netaoan ka ghar tha. yah shahar desh ke ath pradhanamantriyoan- javaharalal neharoo, iandira gaandhi, lalabahadur shastri, chau॰ charan sianh, vishvanath pratap sianh, chandrashekhar, rajiv gaandhi aur atal bihari vajapeyi ka chunav kshetr bhi raha hai. iandira gaandhi ke putr svargiy sanjay gaandhi ka chunav-kshetr bhi yahian tha aur ajakal bhoo॰poo॰ pradhanamantri sv॰ rajiv gaandhi ki patni soniya gaandhi bhi rayabareli se chunav l datian haian aur unake putr rahul gaandhi bhi amethi se chunav l date haian.

itihas

uttar pradesh ka itihas bahut prachin hai. uttar vaidik kal mean ise 'braharshi desh' ya 'madhy desh' ke nam se jana jata tha. uttar pradesh vaidik kal mean kee mahan rrishi-muniyoan, jaise - bharadvaj, gautam, yajnavalky, vasishth, vishvamitr aur valmiki adi ki tapobhoomi raha hai. kee pavitr pustakoan ki rachana bhi yahian huee. bharat ke do mukhy mahakavy ramayan aur mahabharat ki katha bhi yahian ki hai.

eesa poorv chhathi shatabdi mean uttar pradesh do ne dharmoan - jain aur bauddh ka vikas hua. buddh ne apana pratham upadesh saranath mean diya aur bauddh dharm ki shurooat ki. uttar pradesh ke hi kushinagar mean unhoanne nirvan prapt kiya. uttar pradesh ke kee nagar jaise- ayodhya, prayag, varanasi aur mathura vidya adhyayan ke lie prasiddh keandr the. madhy kal mean uttar pradesh muslim shasakoan ke adhin ho gaya tha jisase hindoo aur islam dharmoan ke pas ane se ek nee mili-juli sanskriti ka vikas hua. tulasidas, sooradas, ramanand aur unake muslim shishy kabir ke atirikt any kee sant purushoan ne hindi aur any bhashaoan ke vikas mean apana bahumooly yogadan diya.

uttar pradesh ka itihas lagabhag 4000 varsh purana hai, jab ary yahaan aye aur vaidik sabhyata ka arambh hua, tabhi se yahaan ka itihas milata hai. ary sindhu aur sataluj ke maidani bhagoan se yamuna aur ganga ke maidani bhag ki or badhe. inhoanne yamuna aur ganga ke maidani bhag aur ghaghara kshetr ko apana ghar banaya. inhian aryoan ke nam par bharat desh ka nam 'aryavart' athava 'bharatavarsh' (bharat aryoan ke ek chakravarti raja the, jinake nam aur khyati se yah desh bharatavarsh ke nam se jana gaya) p da.

ramayan mean hinduoan ke bhagavan ramachandr ka prachin rajy kaushal isi kshetr mean tha, ayodhya kaushal rajy ki rajadhani thi. hindoo dharm ke anusar bhagavan vishnu ke athavean avatar bhagavan krishna ka janm uttar pradesh ke mathura shahar mean hua tha. vishv ke prachinatam nagaroan mean se ek mana jane vala varanasi shahar bhi isi pradesh mean hai. varanasi ke samip saranath ka stoop bhagavan buddh ke lie prasidhd hai. samay ke sath sath yah vishal kshetr chhote-chhote rajyoan mean vibhajit ho gaya aur gupt, maury aur kushan samrajyoan ka bhag ban gaya. 7vian shatabdi mean kannauj gupt samrajy ka pramukh kendr ban gaya tha.

pratham svatantrata sangram

san 1857 mean aangrezi phauj ke bharatiy sipahiyoan ne bagavat kar di thi. yah bagavat lagabhag ek varsh tak chali aur dhire dhire yah bagavat poore uttar bharat mean fail gayi. isi bagavat ko bharat ka pratham svatantrata sangram nam diya gaya. yah bagavat merath shahar se shuroo huee. jisaka karan aangrezoan dvara gay aur suar ki charbi se bane karatoos the. is bagavat ki vazah lard dalahauji ki rajy h dapane ki niti bhi thi. yah sangram mukhyatah dilli, lakhanoo, kanapur, jhaansi aur bareli mean l da gaya. is sangram mean jhaansi ki rani lakshmibaee, avadh ki begam hazarat mahal, bakht khan, nana saheb, tatya tope adi anek deshabhaktoan ne bhag liya.

uttar pradesh rajy ki bauddhik shreshthata british shasan kal mean bhi bani rahi. san 1902 mean 'narth vest provins' ka nam badal kar 'yoonaitid provins aauph agara end avadh' kar diya gaya. sadharan bolachal ki bhasha mean ise 'yoo pi' kaha gaya. san 1920 mean pradesh ki rajadhani ko ilahabad ke sthan par lakhanoo bana diya gaya. pradesh ka uchch nyayalay ilahabad mean hi bana raha aur lakhanoo mean uchch nyayalay ki ek nyayapith shakha (haeekort baianch) sthapit ki gayi. bad mean 1935 mean isaka sankshipt nam 'sanyukt praant' prachalit ho gaya. svatantrata prapti ke bad 12 janavari 1950 mean 'sanyukt praant' ka nam badal kar ‘uttar pradesh’ rakha gaya. goviand vallabh pant is pradesh ke pratham mukhy mantri bane. aktoobar 1963 mean sucheta kripalani uttar pradesh aur bharat ki 'pratham mahila mukhyamantri' banian. san 2000 mean bharatiy sansad ne uttar-pradesh ke uttar pashchimi, poorvottar uttar pradesh ke mukhyatah paha di bhag gadhaval aur kumaooan mandal ko mila kar uttar pradesh ko vibhajit kar uttaraanchal rajy ka nirman kiya jisaka nam bad mean badal kar uttarakhand kar diya gaya hai.

krishi

uttar pradesh mean lagabhag 66 pratishat janasankhya ka mukhy vyavasay krishi hai. rajy mean kul 167.50 lakh hekteyar kshetr mean krishi kary kiya jata hai. san 2003 - 04 mean rajy mean 255.67 lakh mitrik tan gehooan, 130.22 lakh mitrik tan chaval, 23.80 lakh mitrik tan dalean, 6.44 lakh mitrik tan tilahan aur 1127.54 lakh mitrik tan ganne ka utpadan kiya gaya tha. san 2003 - 04 mean kul 442.58 lakh mitrik tan khadyann ka utpadan hua.

udyog aur khanij

• varsh 2004 - 05 mean uttar pradesh mean kul 5,21,835 laghu udyog ikaiyaan thian jinamean lagabhag 5,131 karo d rupaye ki pooanji ka nivesh tha aur lagabhag 20,01,000 log kam kar rahe the. varsh 2004 - 05 mean rajy mean lagabhag 45.51 lakh tan chini ka utpadan hua. uttar pradesh rajy mean 68 kap da milean aur 32 atomobail ke karakhane haian, jinamean 5,740 karo d rupaye ki pooanji ka nivesh hai.
• san 2011 tak 'noeda pradhikaran' ke aantargat 102 sektar vikasit karane ki yojana chal rahi hai. is pradhikaran mean audyogik kshetr, avasiy kshetr, grup hausiang kshetr, avasiy bhavan, vyavasayik parisanpattiyaan aur sansthagat shiksha kshetr shamil haian. noeda aur gretar noeda ki bhaanti hi rajy mean any sthanoan par audyogik kshetroan ko vikasit karane ke lie kary kiye ja rahe haian.
• saphtaveyar niryat ko protsahan dene ke lie kanapur mean s aauphtaveyar teknol aauji park banaya gaya hai. aise hi paanch any saphtaveyar park aur kholane ki yojana hai.
• sarvajanik kshetr mean choona patthar, maiganesait, koyala, r aauk phasphet, dolomait aur silikan ret ka khanan kiya jata hai. choona patthar, silika, maiganesait, phairophailait aur dayospar ke utpadan ka adhikatar kary niji kshetr ke hathoan mean hai. sonabhadr meanek bada simeant sanyantr bhi haian.

sianchaee aur bijali

• 14 janavari, 2000 ko 'uttar pradesh rajy bijali bord' ka punargathan karake 'uttar pradesh vidyut nigam', 'uttar pradesh rajy vidyut utpadan' tatha 'uttar pradesh panabijali nigam' ko sthapit kiya gaya hai.
• 2004 - 05 mean rajy ki sianchaee kshamata badhakar 319.17 lakh hekteyaratak karane ke lie 98,715 karo d rupaye ka nivesh kiya gaya hai.
• 'uttar pradesh rajy bijali bord' ki sthapana ke samay pan bijaligharoan aur tap bijaligharoan ki kul vidyut utpadan kshamata 2,635 megavat thi jo aj badhakar 4,621 megavat tak ho gee hai.

[[chitr:Krishna Birth Place Mathura-13.jpg|krishna janmabhoomi, mathura
Shri Krishna's Janm Bhumi, Mathura|thumb]]

parivahan

uttar pradesh mean vikas ki dar badhane ke lie parivahan ki anek yojanaoan ko kriyanvit kiya ja raha hai-

s dakean

uttar pradesh ke lok nirman vibhag dvara nirmit s dakoan ki kul lanbaee 1,18,946 kilomitar hai. isamean 3,869 kilamitar rashtriy rajamarg, 9,097 kilomitar praantiy rajamarg, 1,05,980 kilomitar any zila s dakean aur 72,931 kilomitar gramin s dakean haian.

relave marg

relave ka uttari netavark ka mukhy jankshan rajadhani lakhanoo hai. any mahatvapoorn rel jankshan- agara, kanapur, ilahabad, mugalasaray, jhaansi, muradabad, varanasi, tooandala, gorakhapur, goanda, faizabad, bareli aur sitapur haian.

uddayan vibhag

pradesh mean lakhanoo, kanapur, varanasi, ilahabad, agara, jhaansi, bareli, gaziyabad, gorakhapur, saharanapur aur rayabareli mean havaee adde haian.

tyohar

samay samay par sabhi dharmoan ke tyohar manaye jate haian-

• ilahabad mean pratyek barahavean varsh mean kuanbh ka mela ayojit kiya jata hai jo ki sanbhavat: duniya ka sabase b da mela hai.

[[chitr:Ganga-River-Aarti.JPG|arati, ganga nadi, ilahabad
Aarti, Ganga River, Allahabad|thumb|left]]

• isake atirikt ilahabad mean pratyek 6 sal bad arddh kuanbh mele ka ayojan kiya jata hai.
• ilahabad mean hi pratyek varsh janavari mah mean magh mela bhi ayojit kiya jata hai, jahaan badi sankhya mean log sangam mean nahate haian.
• any meloan mean mathura, vrindavan v ayodhya mean anek parvoan ke mele aur jhoola mele lagate haian, jinamean prabhu ki pratimaoan ko sone evan chaandi ke jhooloan mean rakhakar jhulaya jata hai. ye jhoola mele lagabhag ek pakhavade tak chalate haian.
• kartik poornima ke avasar par ganga nadi mean dubaki lagana atyant astha se paripoorn hai aur bahut hi pavitr mana jata hai aur isake lie gadhamukteshvar, soroan, rajaghat, kakora, bithoor, kanapur, ilahabad, varanasi, aur ayodhya mean badi sankhya mean log ekatrit hote haian.
• agara zile ke bateshvar kasbe mean pashuoan ka prasiddh mela lagata hai.
• barabanki zile ka deva mela muslim sant varis ali shah ke karan kafi prasiddh hai.
• isake atirikt yahaan hindoo tatha muslimoan ke sabhi pramukh tyoharoan ko poore rajy mean harshollas ke sath manaya jata hai.

paryatan sthal

[[chitr:Nirvana-Temple-Kushinagar.jpg|nirvan mandir, kushinagar
Nirvana Temple, Kushinagar|thumb]] uttar pradesh mean sabhi ke lie akarshan ki kee chijean haian.

• tajamahal, agara,
• prachin tirth sthanoan mean varanasi, viandhyachal, ayodhya, chitrakoot, prayag, naimisharany, mathura, vrindavan, deva shariph,
• fatehapur sikari mean shekh salim chishti ki daragah,
• saranath, shravasti, kushinagar, sankisa / basantapur (zila eta, uttar pradesh), kaanpil/ vartaman farrookhabad, piparava aur kaushaanbi pramukh haian.
• agara, ayodhya, saranath, varanasi, lakhanoo, jhaansi, gorakhapur, jaunapur, kannauj, mahoba, devagadh, bithoor aur viandhyachal hindoo evan muslim vastushilp aur sanskriti ke mahatvapoorn khajane se bhara haian.

vithika

• chitr:Imambara-Lucknow.JPG

  b da imamaba da, lakhanoo
  Bara Imambara, Lucknow

• chitr:Anand-Bhawan-Allahabad.jpg

  anand bhavan, ilahabad
  Anand Bhawan, Allahabad

• chitr:Banke-Bihari-Temple.jpg

  baanke bihari ji mandir, vrindavan
  Banke Bihari Temple, Vrindavan

• chitr:Myanmar-Golden-Monastery.jpg

  myaanmar svarn math, kushinagar
  Myanmar Golden Monastery , Kushinagar