तुलुगमा पद्धति
tulugama paddhati madhy kal ki ek sudridh yuddh niti thi, jisaka avishkarak ujbekoan ko mana jata hai. samarakand abhiyan ke dauran jahiruddin babar ne ujbekoan se ise grahan kiya tha.
sainy sanyojan
is yuddh niti mean apane vishvast sipahiyoan ke sath ranabhoomi mean bich mean maujood raja ya badashah sena ko char tuk doan mean baant deta tha. pahali do tuk di age ki or badashah ke dahine aur baean chhor ki or v any do tuk di pichhe ki or isi tarah tainat rahati thian. sabase age pankti mean dher sari bailaga diyaan rakhi jati thian aur unako cham de ke rassoan se apas mean baandh diya jata tha. usake bich itani jagah chho di jati thi ki do ghu dasavar sainik ek sath nikal sakean. bailaga diyoan ki majaboot raksha pankti ke pichhe topakhana aur dhanush, ban ke mahir nishanebaj tainat hote the.
isaki khas bat yah thi ki isamean ek bar mean ek hi tuk di bahar nikalati aur joradar hamala bolakar vapas rakshapankti mean chali jati thi. vahian is tuk di ke hamale se pahale dushmanoan par ban aur top ke goloan ki barasat ki jati thi, taki dushman ko sanbhalane ka mauka hi n mil sake aur is tarah dushman chahakar bhi is majaboot gherebandi ko to d nahian pata tha.
babar ka akraman
jab babar kabul par apana adhipaty sthapit kar raha tha, tab bharat mean lodi samrajy apani apasi ranjish ke karan apani akhiri saansean gin raha tha. is samay dilli ki gaddi par lodi vansh ka ek yuva aur aparipakv, kamajor shasak baitha tha, jisaka nam tha ibrahim lodi. usaka chacha daulat khaan lodi lahaur ka gavarnar tha aur vahaan ka svatantr shasak bane rahana chahata tha, vahian ibrahim lodi ka bhaee alam khaan lodi dilli ke takht ka akaankshi tha. jab inako babar ke bare mean pata chala to unhoanne use bharat par akraman karane ka lalach diya. unako lag raha tha ki shayad babar bharat par hamala kar unhean dilli ki rajagaddi sauanp dega. kintu aisa nahian hua.
babar to aise hi mauke ki talash mean tha. vah sabase pahale panjab pahuancha aur vibhinn karanoan se daulat khaan lodi par vishvasaghat ka arop lagakar use bandi bana liya, phir alam khaan lodi bhi parajit hua aur usane atm samarpan kar diya. hamale ka samachar sunakar ibrahim lodi bhauchakka rah gaya. chooanki, vah is yuddh ke lie pahale se taiyar nahian tha, isalie anan-phanan mean usane sena jutaee, isamean adhikaansh aprashikshit aur ayogy sainik the. ibrahim lodi ne bhi babar ka mukabala karane ke lie dilli se kooch kiya.
mugal samrajy ki sthapana
21 aprail, 1526 ko panipat ke maidan mean ibrahim lodi aur babar ki senaean takaraeean. halaanki, ibrahim lodi ke pas ek vishal sena thi, jisamean ghu dasavar, hathi aur paidal sainik the, par vah sabhi aprashikshit the. vahian babar ke pas sainikoan ki sankhya kam thi, lekin vah poori tarah se susajjit aur paryapt prashikshit prapt the. isamean yogy ghu dasavar, talavarabaj, nishanachi, dhanurdhar, topakhana v ustad ali aur mustapha jaise kushal topachi bhi the.
ibrahim aur babar ki sena panipat ke maidan mean takaraee aur ibrahim lodi ne apani poori sena ko age badhakar hamala bolane ka hukm de diya. is tarah ibrahim ki sena ek sath age badhi, lekin achanak unake paanv thithak ge. asal mean unake samane tulugama ki majaboot kilebandi thi, cham de ke rassoan se bandhi bailaga diyoan ki shrriankhala ne unake kadam rok lie. ab ve babar ke bichhae jal mean phans ge the. ibrahim ki sena kuchh samajh pati isase pahale un par goloan aur tiroan ki bauchhar shuroo ho gee aur barood ki vajah se lagi ag ke karan unake hathi bidak ge aur apane hi kheme mean utpat machane lage.
isi samay ibrahim ki baukhalaee sena par babar ki pahali tuk di ne joradar hamala bola aur phir chauthi tuk di ne pichhe se hamala bol diya. ab ibrahim chautarapha ghir chuke the. dopahar ke yuddh mean hi lodi saltanat ki sena dharashaee ho chuki thi, ibrahim lodi bhi mara gaya aur is tarah se ek tulugama kushal yuddh niti ke samane ibrahim lodi ki b di sena ko babar ki chhoti si sena ke samane ghutane tekane p de aur hiandustan mean mugal vansh ki sthapana ho gee.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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