गुप्त राजवंश
gupt vansh 275 ee. ke asapas astitv mean aya. isaki sthapana shrigupt ne ki thi. lagabhag 510 ee. tak yah vansh shasan mean raha. arambh mean inaka shasan keval magadh par tha, par bad mean gupt vansh ke rajaoan ne sanpoorn uttar bharat ko apane adhin karake dakshin mean kaanjivaram ke raja se bhi apani adhinata svikar karaee. is vansh mean anek pratapi raja hue. kalidas ke sanrakshak samrat chandragupt dvitiy (380-415 ee.) isi vansh ke the. yahi 'vikramadity' aur 'shakari' nam se bhi prasiddh haian. nrisianhagupt baladity (463-473 ee.) ko chho dakar sabhi guptavanshi raja vaidik dharmavalanbi the. baladity ne bauddh dharm apana liya tha.
gupt rajavanshoan ka itihas sahityik tatha puratatvik donoan pramanoan se prapt hota hai. gupt rajavansh ya gupt vansh prachin bharat ke pramukh rajavanshoan mean se ek tha. ise bharat ka 'svarn yug' mana jata hai. gupt kal bharat ke prachin rajakuloan mean se ek tha. maury chandragupt ne giranar ke pradesh mean shasak ke roop mean jis 'rashtriy' (prantiy shasak) ki niyukti ki thi, usaka nam 'vaishy pushyagupt' tha. shuang kal ke prasiddh 'barahut stambh lekh' mean ek raja 'visadev' ka ullekh hai, jo 'gaptiputr' (gupt kal ki stri ka putr) tha. any anek shilalekhoan mean bhi 'goptiputr' vyaktiyoan ka ullekh hai, jo rajy mean vividh uchch padoan par niyukt the. isi gupt kul ke ek vir purush shrigupt ne us vansh ka prarambh kiya, jisane age chalakar bharat ke bahut b de bhag mean magadh samrajy ka phir se vistar kiya.
sahity aur sanskriti ke kshetr mean is avadhi ka yogadan aj bhi sammanapoorvak smaran kiya jata hai. kalidas isi yug ki den haian. amarakosh, ramayan, mahabharat, manusmriti tatha anek puranoan ka vartaman roop isi kal ki upalabdhi hai. mahanh ganitajn aryabhat tatha varahamihir gupt kal ke hi ujjval nakshatr haian. dashamalav pranali ka avishkar tatha vastukala, moortikala, chitrakala or dhatu-vijnan ke kshetr ki upalabdhiyoan par aj bhi logoan ka anand aur ashchary hota hai.
is rajavansh mean jin shasakoan ne shasan kiya unake nam is prakar hai:-
- shrigupt (240-280 ee.),
- ghatotkach (280-319 ee.),
- chandragupt pratham (319-335 ee.)
- samudragupt (335-375 ee.)
- ramagupt (375 ee.)
- chandragupt dvitiy (375-414 ee.)
- kumaragupt pratham mahendradity (415-454 ee.)
- skandagupt (455-467 ee.)
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