छठपूजा

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is lekh ka punarikshan evan sampadan hona avashyak hai. ap isamean sahayata kar sakate haian. "sujhav"

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dipavali ke ek saptah pashchath bihar mean chhath ka parv manaya jata hai. ek din v rat tak samoocha bihar v poorvi uttar pradesh ganga ke tat par basa pratit hota hai. is din sooryadev ki upasana v unhean ardhy daya jata hai. bharat ke bihar pradesh ka sarvadhik prachalit evan pavan parv hai—sooryashashthi. yah parv mukhyatah bhagavan soory ka vrat hai. is vrat mean sarvatobhaven soory ki pooja ki jati hai. vaise to soory ke sath saptami tithi ki sangati hai, kintu bihar ke is vrat mean soory ke sath 'shashthi' tithi ka samanvay vishesh mahatv ka hai. is tithi ko soory ke sath hi shashthi devi ki bhi pooja hoti hai. puranoan ke anusar prakriti devi ke ek pradhan aansh ko 'devasena' kahate haian; jo ki sabase shreshth matrika mani gee hai. ye lok ke samast balakoan ki rakshika devi hai. prakriti ka chhatha aansh hone ke karan inaka ek nam "shashthi" bhi hai. shashthi devi ka poojan–prasar brahmavaivart puran ke anusar raja priyavrat ke kal se arambh hua. jab shashthi devi ki pooja 'chhath miya' ke roop mean prachalit huee. vastav mean soory ko ardhy tatha shashthi devi ka poojan ek hi tithi ko p dane ke karan donoan ka samanvay bharatiy janamanas mean is prakar ko gaya ki soory pooja aur chhath pooja mean bhed karana mushkil hai. vastav mean ye do alag–alag tyauhar haian. soory ki shashthi ko donoan ki hi pooja hoti hai.

chhath bihar ka pramukh tyauhar hai. chhath ka tyauhar bhagavan soory ko dharati par dhan–dhany ki prachurata ke lie dhanyavad dene ke lie manaya jata hai. log apani vishesh ichchhaoan ki poorti ke lie bhi is parv ko manate haian. parv ka ayojan mukhyatah ganga ke tat par hota hai aur kuchh gaanvoan mean jahaan par ganga nahian pahuanch pati hai, vahaan par mahilaean chhote talaboan athava pokharoan ke kinare hi dhoom–dham se is parv ko manati haian.

chhath mahotsav aur dharmik karmakand

chuanki is tyauhar par n to kisi mandir mean pooja hetu jaya jata hai, aur n hi ghar ki koee vishesh safaee ki jati hai. isase aisa pratit hota hai ki yah parv bahut hi asani se ya bina kisi karmakand ke mana liya jata hai. lekin aisa nahian hai, balki is tyauhar par itane karmakand hote haian ki vishesh anushthanoan ki tulana mean to madhyakalin phraansisi vidhan bhi tuchchh pratit hoange.

snan evan upavas

saandhy sooryapooja ke ek din pahale, shraddhalu shuddhikaran ke lie vishesharoop se ganga mean dubaki lagate haian tatha ganga ka pavitr jal arpan hetu ghar sath late haian. poore din mean upavas rakha jata hai tatha shraddhalu der sham tak pooja ke bad hi upavas to date haian.

prasad evan arpan ki vastuean

chaval ka halua, poo di tatha kela—ye hi is din ki vishesh bhojan samagri haian. arpan ke pashchath inhian bhojy padarthoan ko mitroan evan sambandhiyoan mean baanta jata hai. log b di hi shraddha se ise khate haian.

shubh din-sanjha vat

doosare din chaubis ghante ka upavas prarambh hota hai. dinabhar prasad banane ki taiyari hoti hai tatha sandhya ko bhaktagan chhath maiya ka git gate hue nadi tat, jalakund ya talab par pahuanch jate haian. vahaan par ast hote hue soory ko uparyukt prasad ka arpan kiya jata hai. ratri ke samay shraddhalu ghar lautate haian, jahaan par ek any mahotsav pratiksharat hota hai. ganne ki tahaniyoan se bane ek chhatr ke niche dipayukt mitti ke hathi v prasad se bhare bartan rakhe jate haian. shraddhalu upavas ke samay jal bhi grahan nahian karate haian. sooryoday se thik pahala, bhaktagan nadi tat ki or punah chhath maiya ke git gate hue prasthan karate haian tatha udayaman soory ki upasana archana karate haian. prarthana ke pashchath pratyek vyakti ko prasad pradan kiya jata hai. is prasad mean vishesh roop se patthar ki sil par pise hue ate ka prayog hota hai. is ate ko der tak tala jata hai tatha isamean mitha dalakar isaki golakar gaththiyaan banayi jati haian, jise "thekua" kahate haian. isake alava is vishesh prasad mean aangoor, poora nariyal, kele v masoor ki dal ke dane bhi hote haian. pooja ke samay ye sabhi vastuean baans ki ardhagolakar tokariyoan mean rakhi jati haian. in tokariyoan ka "soop" kahate haian.

rang-biranga utsav hai

chhathaparv atyant rang–biranga utsav hai, jisamean shraddhaluoan ko naye vastr dharan karana avashyak hota hai. ghar v nadi ke tat par sangit ke sur bhakti v lokabhasha se mahak uthate haian. patana mean lakhoan log ganga ke tat par miloan lambi kataroan mean baithe rahate haian. parv se utpann yah apasi mel–jol anootha hi pratit hota hai.

niyam evan vrat palan

jaise hi dipavali ka anand shant hota dikhaee p data hai, chhath ki chhata khil uthati hai. praudh vivahit striyaan hi sabhi taiyariyaan karati haian. ek or ayu mean kam striyaan v bachche ghar ke any karyoan ka sambhalate haian, doosari or praudh striyaan un vastuoan ki bhali–bhaanti safaee–dhulaee karati haian, jinaka prayog pooja, prasad mean hota hai. sabhi vastuoan ki chahe vah rasoee ka choolha ho, karachhul ho, pakan mean prayog ane vali pak d ho ya bhoonane ka patr–sabaki poori tarah se safaee ki jati hai. naye pise hue chavaloan ki leee banaee jati hai. sookhi meva v nariyal ke tuk doan ko svad badhane ke lie prayog kiya jata hai. inako ate mean mila kar laddoo banae jate haian. paramparik vyanjan 'thekua' gehooan ke m de hue ate ko vibhinn akaroan mean katakar banaya jata hai. isake lie kashth ke saanchoan ka bhi prayog kiya jata hai. tatpashchath ise gadhe bhoore rang ka hone tak tala jata hai. talane ke bad yah atyant kurakura ho jata hai tatha b de hi svad se khaya jata hai. pashchim ke deshoan mean lokapriy vyanjan "kuki" ki bhaanti hi isamean ghar ka bana makkhan, bahut sa gu d tatha nariyal dala jata hai.

is prasad ko banane ke lie grihasth praudh mahila kuchh niyamoan ka palan karati hai. jaise vah paka hua khana nahian khati tatha sile hue vastr nahian pahanatian. rasoee mean jane se pahale pratyek vyakti ka snan karana avashyak hota hai.  

saandhy poojan ka mahamela

samavet svar mean lokapriy bhakti sangit gate hue logoan ke chhote–chhote samooh pratyek ghar se nikalate haian aur nadi tat tak pahuanchate–pahuanchate ye juloos ek vishal janasamooh ka roop le lete haian. juloos mean sammilit purush apane vaksh ko nagn rakhate haian tatha prasad ko baans ki chhoti–chhoti tokariyoan mean lekar chalate haian. in tokariyoan ko jane–anajane jootha hone se bachane ke lie ooanchaee par rakha jata hai. in tokariyoan mean laddoo, thekua tatha mausami phal hote haian. nariyal, kele ke guchchhe, ek–do santare ityadi ko haldi mean range kap de se dhanka jata hai. in padarthoan ke atirikt ek mitti ka dipak bhi in tokariyoan mean rakha jata hai.

jaise hi sooryast hota hai, prarthana–pooja arambh ho jati hai. nadi tat par kisi ka phisalana ya koee bhool karana ek daivik sankat ka pratik mana jata hai. navashit mean pashchim ke ojasvi akash lalat par shraddha–bhakti–prem ka vaangmay drishy prakashit ho uthata hai–sahasroan uthe hast dharan karate haian, baans ki thaliyaan v tokariyaan. madhyam lau mean prakashit dhake hue dipak mantrochcharit vatavaran ko dedipyaman kar dete haian. pal bitata hai, mukhakritiyaan dhoomil ho uthati haian aur aandhera hote hi janasamooh nadi tat se vapas ghar lautana prarambh karata hai.

navodit soory ki archana ka mahotsav

astachal soory ko shraddhajanli pradan karane ke pashchath ab samay hota hai, sooryoday prarthana ki taiyari ka. yah pooja vidhan ka abhinn aang hai. nadi tat ki or yatra usha se hi prarambh ho jati hai. krishnapaksh ke chandrama ke karan bahar akash marg vriksh ki bhaanti kala pratit hota hai. os se bhigi ghas v pravahit hote jal ki dhvani hi nadi tat nikat hone ka sanket deti hai. is samay sabhi poorv ki or mukh karate haian aur nadi mean snan ke lie age badhate haian. isi bich tokariyoan ko ek asthaee mandap ke niche surakshit rakha jata hai. is mandap ko taza upaje ganne ki tahaniyoan se banaya jata hai. isake lie ek vishesh dhaancha banaya jata hai, tatha isake konoan ko hathi v pakshi ke roop mean banae mitti ke dipakoan se sajaya jata hai. nirmalata v shuddhi rakhane v kroor duratmaoan ko door rakhane ke lie chandan ka lep, sindoor, bhige chaval, phal v pushp bhi range hue lal sooti vastr ke bhitar rakhe jate haian. jaise hi soory ki kiranean udit hoti haian, sa di v dhoti pahane stri–purush uthale pani mean kood p date haian. pair jamakar ye log jal ki atishitalata ko bhool jate haian tatha rrigvaidik ke us kalatit mantr, jo vishesh roop se soory ke lie hai—gayatri mantr—ka uchcharan karate hue snan kar soory ki shraddha se pooja karana prarambh karate haian.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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sanbandhit lekh

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