श्रावस्ती का परिचय

	shravasti ka parichay
	prachin jain mandir ke avashesh, shravasti\|200px\|center
vivaran	'shravasti' uttar pradesh ke prasiddh aitihasik paryatan sthaloan mean se ek hai. bauddh evan jain tirth sthanoan ke lie shravasti prasiddh hai. yahaan ke utkhanan se puratattv mahattv ki kee vastuean mili haian.
zila	shravasti
nirman kal	prachin kal se hi ramayan, mahabharat tatha jain, bauddh sahity adi mean anek ullekh.
marg sthiti	shravasti balaramapur se 17 ki.mi., lakhanoo se 176 ki.mi., kanapur se 249 ki.mi., ilahabad se 262 ki.mi., dilli se 562 ki.mi. ki doori par hai.
prasiddhi	puravashesh, aitihasik evan pauranik sthal.
kab jaean	aktoobar se march
kaise pahuanchean	havaee jahaz, rel, bas adi se pahuancha ja sakata hai.
havaee adda	lakhanoo havaee adda
relave steshan	balaramapur relave steshan
bas adda	mega tarminas goanda, shravasti shahar se 50 ki.mi. ki doori par hai.
sanbandhit lekh	jetavan, shobhanath mandir, moolagandh kuti vihar, kaushal mahajanapad adi. ;

shravasti vishay soochi

shravasti parichay sthiti namakaran vikas mahakavyoan tatha puranoan mean varnan jatakoan mean varnan bauddh sahity mean ullekh jain granthoan mean ullekh fahyan ka varnan hven tsaang ka varnan utkhanan kary sahet ka utkhanan mahet ka utkhanan

shravasti himalay ki talahati mean base bharat-nepal sima ke simavarti zile baharaich se mahaj 40 kilomitar ki doori par sthit hai. uttar pradesh ke is zile ki pahachan vishv ke kone-kone mean aj bauddh dharm ke prasiddh tirthasthal ke roop mean hai. pauranik manyataoan ke anusar is aitihasik nagari ka prachinatam itihas ramayan aur mahabharat kal se ju data hai. mahakavyoan ke anusar pahale ye uttar kaushal ki rajadhani hua karati thi.

bauddh tirth sthal

anushrutiyoan ke anusar sooryavanshi raja shravast ke nam par is nagari ka namakaran kar 'shravasti' nam ki sanjna di gayi, tab se ye ilaka shravasti ke nam se jana jata hai. jangaloan ke bich gufa mean rahakar rahagiroan ko lootane ke bad unaki ooangali katakar mala pahanane vale ek durdaant dakoo aangulimal ko rapti nadi ke kinare base isi sthan par bhagavan buddh ne apani ishvariy shaktiyoan ke bal par nastik se astik banakar apana anuyayi banaya tha. yah vahi ilaka hai, jahaan par gautam buddh ne apane jivan kal ke sabase zyada basant bitaye the. shravasti ke jetavan ilake mean jagah-jagah khandaharanuma imarat ke tamam avashesh astha ka kendr bane hue haian, jahaan par desh ke kone-kone se bauddh dharmavalanbiyoan ka jattha poore hujoom ke sath is bauddh tirth sthal par apani astha lekar ata hai. is sthan par aj bhi vah bodhivriksh hai, jahaan baithakar gautam buddh apane anuyayiyoan ko upadesh diya karate the. isake sath-sath anekoan stoop aur 'sahet-mahet' ke bhagnavashesh aj bhi yahaan maujood haian, jahaan par shaanti ke doot gautam buddh ki pavan sthali par door desh ke paryatak apani astha lekar ate haian. is nagari mean har taraf bauddh bhikku (bhikshu) baithakar dhyan ke sath bhagavan buddh ki rah par shanti ka path karate nazar ate haian. yahaan sat samandar par se ane vale baudhisht bhi akar khud ko dhany manate haian.

avashesh

mana gaya hai ki shravasti ke sthan par aj adhunik 'sahet-mahet' gram hai, jo ek-doosare se lagabhag dedh pharlaang ke aantar par sthit hai. yah buddhakalin prasiddh nagar tha, jisake bhagnavashesh uttar pradesh ke baharaich evan goanda zile ki sima par, rapti nadi ke dakshini kinare par phaile hue haian. in bhagnavasheshoan ki jaanch san 1862-1863 mean janaral kaniangham ne ki aur san 1884-1885 mean isaki poorn khudaee d aau. dablayoo. huee^[1] ne ki. in bhagnavasheshoan mean do stoop haian, jinamean se b da 'mahet' tatha chhota 'sahet' nam se vikhyat hai. in stoopoan ke atirikt anek mandiroan aur bhavanoan ke bhagnavashesh bhi mile haian. khudaee ke dauran anek utkirn moorttiyaan aur pakki mitti ki moorttiyaan prapt huee haian, jo namoone ke roop mean pradeshiy sangrahalay, lakhanoo mean rakhi gayi haian. yahaan sanvat 1176 ya 1276 (1119 ee. ya 1219 ee.) ka shilalekh mila hai, jisase pata chalata hai ki bauddh dharm is kal mean prachalit tha. bauddh kal ke sahity mean shravasti ka varnan anekanek bar aya hai aur bhagavan buddh ne yahaan ke jetavan mean anek chaturmas vyatit kiye the.

jain dharm ke pravartak mahavir ne bhi shravasti mean vihar kiya tha. chini yatri fahyan 5vian sadi ee. mean bharat aya tha. us samay shravasti mean lagabhag 200 parivar rahate the aur 7vian sadi mean jab hvenatsaang bharat aya, us samay tak yah nagar nasht-bhrasht ho chuka tha. sahet-mahet par aankit lekh se yah nishkarsh nikala gaya ki 'bal' namak bhikku ne is moortti ko shravasti ke vihar mean sthapit kiya tha. is moortti ke lekh ke adhar par sahet ko jetavan mana gaya. kaniangham ka anuman tha ki jis sthan se uparyukt moortti prapt huee, vahaan 'kosanbakuti vihar' tha. is kuti ke uttar mean prapt kuti ko kaniangham ne 'gandhakuti' mana, jisamean bhagavan buddh varshavas karate the. mahet ki anek bar khudaee ki gayi aur vahaan se mahattvapoorn samagri prapt huee, jo use shravasti nagar siddh karati hai. shravasti namaankit kee lekh sahet-mahet ke bhagnavasheshoan se mile haian.

left|30px|link=shravasti|pichhe jaean

shravasti

shravasti ka parichay

shravasti ki sthiti

right|30px|link=shravasti ki sthiti|age jaean

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ Dr. W. Hoey

aitihasik sthanavali | vijayendr kumar mathur | vaijnanik tatha takaniki shabdavali ayog | manav sansadhan vikas mantralay, bharat sarakar

bahari k diyaan

sanbandhit lekh

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

a a i ee u oo e ai o au aan k kh g gh n ch chh j jh n t th d dh n t th d dh n p ph b bh m y r l v sh sh s h ksh tr jn rri rri aau shr aah

[1] Dr. W. Hoey

[1]