मुहम्मद ग़ोरी

muhammad gori
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poora nam	sulatan shahabuddin muhammad gori
janm	1150 ee.
janm bhoomi	gor, afaganistan
mrityu tithi	15 march, 1206 ee.
mrityu sthan	pakistan
sha. avadhi	afaganistan, pakistan, bharat
dharmik manyata	sunni, islam
yuddh	prithviraj ke viruddh jo abhiyan kiya
rajadhani	lahaur, pakistan
rajagharana	gori

muhammad gauri 12vian shatabdi ka afagan yoddha tha jo gazani samrajy ke adhin gor namak rajy ka shasak tha. muhammad gauri 1173 ee. mean gor ka shasak bana. jis samay mathura mandal ke uttar-pashchim mean prithviraj aur dakshin-poorv mean jayachandr jaise mahan nareshoan ke shaktishali rajy the, us samay bharat ke pashchim uttar ke simaant par shahabuddin muhammad gori (1173 ee. - 1206) namak ek musalaman saradar ne mahamood gazanavi ke vanshajoan se rajyadhikar chhin kar ek naye islami rajy ki sthapana ki thi. muhammad gori b da mahattvakaankshi aur sahasi tha. vah mahamood gazanavi ki bhaanti bharat par akraman karane ka ichchhuk tha, kiantu usaka uddeshy gazanavi se alag tha. vah lootamar ke sath hi sath is desh mean muslim rajy bhi sthapit karana chahata tha. us kal mean pashchimi panjab tak aur doosari or multan evan siandh tak musalamanoan ka adhikar tha, jisake adhikaansh bhag par mahamood ke vanshaj gazanavi saradar shasan karate the. muhammad gori ko bharat ke aantarik bhag tak pahuanchane ke lie pahale un musalaman shasakoan se aur phir vahaan ke vir rajapootoan se yuddh karana tha, atah vah poori taiyari ke sath bharat par akraman karane ka ayojan karane laga.

gori ka akraman

muhammad gori ne apana pahala akraman 1191 ee. mean multan par kiya tha, jisamean vahaan ke musalaman shasak ko parajit hona p da. usase utsahit hokar usane apana doosara akraman 1192 ee. mean gujarat ke baghel raja bhim dvitiy ki rajadhani anhilava da par kiya, kiantu rajapoot viroan ki prabal mar se vah parajit ho gaya. is prakar bharat ke hiandu rajaoan ki or muanh uthate hi use aanrabh mean hi chot khani p di thi. kiantu vah mahattvakaankshi musalaman akraanta us parajay se hatotsahit nahian hua. usane apane abhiyan ka marg badal diya. vah tab panjab hokar bharat-vijay ka ayojan karane laga. us kal mean peshavar aur panjab hokar bharat-vijay ka ayojan karane laga. us kal mean peshavar aur panjab ke shasak mahamood ke jo vanshaj the, ve shaktihin ho gaye the, atah unhean parajit karana gori ko saral jnat hua. phalatah san. 1226 mean peshavar par akraman kar vahaan ke gazanavi shasak ko parast kiya. usake bad usane panjab ke adhikaansh bhag ko gazanavi ke vanshajoan se chhin liya aur vahaan par apani sridridh qilebandi kar bharat ke hindoo rajaoan par akraman karane ki taiyari karane laga.

gori ke rajy ki sima

gauri ke rajy ki sima tab dilli ke chahaman vir prithviraj ke rajy se ja lagi thian; atah age badhane ke lie use ek parakrami shatru se morcha lena tha. usase pahale mahamood ke vanshaj gazanavi shasakoan se hindoo rajaoan ke bhi kee sangharsh hue the; kiantu ve chhoti-moti sthaniy l daeeyaan thian aur unamean prayah hindoo rajaoan ki hi vijay huee thi. muhammad gori ne prithviraj ke viruddh jo abhiyan kiya, vah ek prabal akraman tha . isalie mahamood gazanavi ke bad muhammad gori hi bharat par chadhaee karane vala doosara musalaman akraanta mana gaya hai.

gori aur prithviraj ka yuddh

kianvadantiyoan ke anusar gori ne 18 bar prithviraj par akraman kiya tha, jisamean 17 bar use parajit hona p da . kisi bhi itihasakar ko kianvadantiyoan ke adhar par apana mat banana kathin hota hai . is vishay mean itana nishchit hai ki gori aur prithviraj mean kam se kam do bhishan yuddh avashy hue the, jinamean pratham mean prithviraj vijayi aur doosare mean parajit hua tha . ve donoan yuddh thaneshvar ke nikatavarti tarain ya tarav di ke maidan mean kramashah san. 1247 aur 1248 mean hue the .

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un yuddhoan se pahale prithviraj kee hindoo rajaoan se l daiyaan kar chuka tha . chandel rajaoan ko parajit karane mean use apane kee vikhyat senanayakoan aur viroan ko khona p da tha. jayachandr ke sath hone vale sangharsh mean bhi usake bahut se viroan ki hani huee thi . phir un dinoan prithviraj apane vriddh mantri par rajy bhar chho d kar svayan sanyogita ke sath vilas kri da mean laga hua tha . un sab karanoan se usaki sainy shakti adhik prabhavashalini nahian thi, phir bhi usane gauri ke daant khatte kar diye the .

gori ki bhari parajay

san. 1247 mean jab prithviraj se muhammad gori ki vishal sena ka samana hua, tab rajapoot viroan ki vikat mar se musalaman sainikoan ke pair ukh d gaye . svayan gori bhi prithviraj ke anuj ke prahar se buri tarah ghayal ho gaya tha . yadi usaka khilaji sevak use gho de par dal kar yuddh bhoomi se bhagakar n le jata, to vahian usake pran pakheroo u d jate . us yuddh mean gori ki bhari parajay huee thi aur use bhishan hani uthakar bharat bhoomi se bhagana p da tha . bharatiy raja ke viruddh yuddh abhiyan mean yah usaki doosari b di parajay thi, jo anhilava da ke yuddh ke bad sahani p di thi .

prithviraj ki parajay aur mrityu

muhammad gori us apamanajanak parajay ka badala lene ke lie taiyari karane laga . agale varsh vah 1 lakh 20 hazar chune hue ashvarohiyoan ki vishal sena lekar phir tarain ke maidan mean a data . udhar prithviraj ne bhi usase morcha lene ke lie kee rajapoot rajaoan ko amantrit kiya tha . kuchh rajaoan ne to apani senaean bhej di; kiantu us samay ka gah daval vanshiy kannauj naresh jayachandr usase tatasth hi raha . kivadanti hai ki prithviraj se vidvesh rakhane ke karan jayachandr ne hi muhammad gori ko bharat par akraman karane ke lie amantrit kiya tha . is kianvadanti ki satyata ka koee pramanik adhar nahian hai; atah jayachandr par deshadroh ka dosharopan bhi apramanik jnat hota hai . usamean keval itani hi satyata hai ki usane us avasar par prithviraj ki sahayata nahian ki thi . prithviraj ke rajapoot yoddhaoan ne us bar bhi musalamani sena par bhishan prahar kar apani virata ka parichay diya tha; kiantu desh ke durbhagy se unhean parajit hona p da . is prakar san. 1248 ke us yuddh mean muhammad gori ki vijay aur prithviraj ki parajay huee thi . yuddh mean parajit hone ke pashchat prithviraj ki kis prakar mrityu huee, is vishay mean itihasakaroan ke vibhinn mat milate haian. kuchh ke matanusar vah pahile bandi bana kar dilli mean rakha gaya tha aur bad mean gori ke sainikoan dvara mar diya gaya tha . kuchh ka mat hai ki use bandi banakar gajani le jaya gaya tha aur vahaan par usaki mrityu huee . aisi bhi kianvadanti hai ki prithviraj ka darabari kavi aur sakha chandabaradaee apane svami ki durdinoan mean sahayata karane ke lie gajani gaya tha . usane apane buddhi kaushal se prithviraj dvara gori ka sanhar karakar usase badala liya tha . phir gori ke sainikoan ne us donoan ko bhi mar dala tha . is kianvadanti ka koee aitihasik adhar nahian haian, atah vah pramanik jnat nahian hoti hai .

yuddh sthal chandavar

jis sthal par jayachandr aur muhammad gori ki senaoan mean vah nirnayak yuddh hua tha, use 'chandravar' kaha gaya hai . yah ek aitihasik sthal hai, jo ab agara zila mean firozabad ke nikat ek chhote gaanv ke roop mean sthit hai . aisa kaha jata hai ki use chauhan raja chandrasen ne 11 vian shati mean basaya tha . use pahale 'chandava da' kaha jata tha; bad mean vah 'chandavar' kaha jane laga . chandrasen ke putr chandrapal ke shasanakal mean mahamood gazanavi ne vahaan akraman kiya tha; kiantu use saphalata prapt nahian huee thi. bad mean muhammad gori ki sena vijayi huee thi . chandavar ke rajaoan ne yahaan par ek durg banavaya tha, aur bhavanoan evan mandiroan ka nirman karaya tha . is sthan ke charoan or kee miloan tak isake dhvansavashesh dikhalaee dete the.