प्रांगण:मुखपृष्ठ/विज्ञान

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♦ vishh‍v ka satavaan b da desh hone ke nate bharat shesh eshiya se alag dikhata hai jisaki visheshata parvat aur samudr ne tay ki hai aur ye ise vishishh‍t bhaugolik pahachan dete haian.
♦ uttar mean vishal parvat shrriankhala himalay se ghira yah kark rekha se age sankara hota jata hai. poorv mean bangal ki kha di, pashchim mean arab sagar tatha dakshin mean hinh‍d mahasagar isaki sima nirdharit karate haian.

vijnan mukhaprishth

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♦ bharat krishi mean ath‍manirbhar ban chuka hai aur ab duniya ke sabase audyogikrit deshoan ki shreni mean bhi isaki ginati ki jati hai.
♦ bharat ka kshetraphal 32,87,263 varg ki.mi. hai, jo himachh‍chhadit himalay ki ooanchaiyoan se shuroo hokar dakshin ke vishuvatiy varsha vanoan tak phaila hua hai.

vishesh alekh

moorti kala mathura

right|70px|buddh|link=buddh chini yatri huenasaang ke lekhanusar yahaan par ashok ke banavaye huye kuchh stoop 7vian shatabdi mean vidyaman the. parantu aj hamean inake vishay mean kuchh bhi jnan nahian hai. lok-kala ki drishti se dekha jay to mathura aur usake asapas ke bhag mean isake mauryakalin namoone vidyaman haian. lok-kala ki ye moortiyaan yakshoan ki haian. yakshapooja tatkalin lokadharm ka ek abhinn aang thi. sanskrit, pali aur prakrit sahity yakshapooja ke ullekhoan se bhara p da hai . puranoan ke anusar yakshoan ka kary papiyoan ko vighn karana, unhean durgati dena aur sath hi sath apane kshetr ka sanrakshan karana tha.<balloon title="vamanapuran, 34.44; 35.38." style="color:blue">*</balloon> mathura se is prakar ke yaksh aur yakshaniyoan ki chhah pratimaean mil chuki haian . .... aur padhean

chayanit lekh

nrity kala

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ratn akarshak khanij ka ek tuk da hota hai jo kataee aur p aaulish karane ke bad gahane aur any alankaran banane ke lie prayog kiya jata hai.
ratn apani chamak aur any bhautik gunoan ke sauandary ki vajah se gahane mean upayog kiya jata hai.
ratn ka rang hi usaki sabase spasht aur akarshak visheshata hai. ratnoan ko garm kar ke usake rang ki spashtata badhaee jati hai.
ratnoan ka itihas atyant hi prachin hai. bharat ki tarah any deshoan mean bhi inake janm sambandhi anaginat kathaean prachalit haian.
bharatiy manyata ke anusar kul 84 ratn pae jate haian, jinamean maniky, hira, moti, nilam, panna, mooanga, gomed, tatha vaidoory (lahasuniya) ko navaratn mana gaya hai.
ratnoan ko tin shreniyoan pashan ratn, pranij ratn aur vanaspatik ratn mean baanta gaya hai. .... aur padhean