ताजमहल

tajamahal
tajamahal|200px|center
vivaran	tajamahal mugal shasan ki sabase prasiddh smarak hai. safed sangamaramar ki yah kriti sansar bhar mean prasiddh hai aur paryatakoan ke akarshan ka mukhy kendr hai.
rajy	uttar pradesh
nagar	agara
nirmata	mugal badashah shahajahaan
nirman	sanh 1632 se 1653 ee.
vastukar	ustad ahamad lahauri
vastu shaili	mugal vash‍tukala
prasiddhi	yoonesko dvara vishv virasat sthaloan ki soochi mean shamil hai.
es.ti.di. kod	0562
chitr:Map-icon.gif	googal manachitr
sanbandhit lekh	buland daravaza, lal qila
nirdeshaank	27° 10′ 29.27″ uttar, 78° 2′ 31.6″ poorv
vishesh	sanpoorn taj parisar ke nirman mean 22 varsh ka samay laga aur isamean char karo d rupaye kharch hue. bharat ke alava faras aur turki ke mazadoor bhi the.
any janakari	tajamahal ki nianv ke prath‍yek kone se uthane vali char minarean maqabare ko paryaph‍t santulan deti haian. yah minarean 41.6 mitar ooanchi haian aur in minaroan ko janaboojhakar bahar ki or halh‍ka sa jhukav diya gaya hai taki yah minarean bhookanp jaisi durghatana mean maqabare par n gir kar bahar ki or girean.

tajamahal (aangrezi: Tajmahal, nirman- sanh 1632 se 1653 ee.) agara, uttar pradesh rajy, bharat mean sthit hai. tajamahal agara shahar ke bahari ilake mean yamuna nadi ke dakshini tat par bana hua hai. tajamahal mugal shasan ki sabase prasiddh smarak hai. safed sangamaramar ki yah kriti sansar bhar mean prasiddh hai aur paryatakoan ke akarshan ka mukhy kendr hai. tajamahal vishh‍v ke sat ashh‍charyoan mean se ek hai. tajamahal ek mahanh shasak ka apani priy rani ke prati prem ka adbhut shahakar hai. tajamahal ka sabase manamohak aur suandar drishh‍y poornima ki rat ko dikhaee deta hai.

itihas

mugal badashah shahajahaan ne tajamahal ko apani patni arjumand bano begam, jinhean mumataz mahal bhi kaha jata tha, ki yad mean banavaya tha. tajamahal ko shahajahaan ne mumataz mahal ki qabr ke oopar banavaya tha. mrityu ke bad shahajahaan ko bhi vahian dafanaya gaya. mumataz mahal ke nam par hi is maqabare ka nam tajamahal p da. sanh 1612 ee. mean nikah ke bad 1631 mean prasooti ke dauran burahanapur mean mrityu hone tak arjumand shahajahaan ki abhinn sangini bani rahian. mumataz mahal ke rahane ke lie divangat rani ke nam par mumataza bad banaya gaya, jise ab taj ganj kahate haian aur yah bhi isake nazadik nirmit kiya gaya tha. tajamahaj mugal vash‍tukala ka uth‍krishh‍t namoona hai. tajamahal ke nirman mean farasi, turk, bharatiy tatha ish‍lamik vash‍tukala ka suandar sammishran kiya gaya hai. 1983 ee. mean tajamahal ko yoonesh‍ko vishh‍v dharohar sh‍thal ghoshit kiya gaya. tajamahal ko bharat ki ish‍lami kala ka ratn bhi ghoshit kiya gaya hai. tajamahal ka shh‍vet gumh‍bad evan tail akar mean sangamaramar se dhaka kenh‍driy maqabara vash‍tu sauandary ka apritam udaharan hai.

sanrachana

tajamahal 580×305 mitar ke ayatakar bhookhand par bana hua hai aur uttar-dakshin ki or sanrekhit hai. tajamahal ke bhookhand ke madhy mean chaukor bagicha hai, jisaki har bhuja ki lambaee 305 mitar hai. yah bagicha uttar tatha dakshin mean do chhote ayatakar khandoan se ghira hai. dakshini ayatakar khand mean parisar aur paricharakoan ki imarat mean ane ke lie balua patthar se bana praveshadvar hai. uttari ayatakar khand yamuna nadi ke kinare tak pahuanchata hai. yahaan sarvadhik mahattvapoorn bhavan haian, jaise vikhyat maqabara, jisake pashchimi aur poorvi parshv mean ek jaise do bhavan, masjid aur javab (pratyuttar ya sauandaryabodh ko santulit rakhane vala bhavan) haian. isake asapas ooanchi charadivari hai, jisake konoan par ashtakoniy mandap haian, jisamean kangoore nikale haian. yah charadivari uttari khand tatha bagiche ke madhy bhag ko ghere hue hai. dakshin mean astabal tatha paharedaroan ke kaksh haian. sanpoorn parisar ki yojana aur nirman samagrata ke sath kiya gaya, kyoanki mugalakalin bhavan-nirman karyoan mean bad mean kisi tarah ke jo d-to d ka rivaj nahian tha. [[chitr:Tajmahal-04.jpg|thumb|300px|left|tajamahal, agara]]

maqabara sat mitar ooanche sangamaramar ke chabootare par bana hai, jisamean char ek jaise khaanchedar praveshadvar haian aur ek vishal meharab hai, jisaki ooanchaee pratyek phalak par 33 mitar hai. isake ooanche belanakar adhar par tike lattoonuma chhote guanbad se milakar sanrachana poori ho jati hai. maqabare ke shirshoan ka samanjasy har meharab ke oopar muander v kalash aur har kone par chhatarinuma guanbad ke dvara baithaya gaya hai. chabootare ke charoan konoan par ek-ek timanzali minar bani hai. maqabare ka sangamaramar ekadam chikana tarasha hua hai, jabaki minaroan mean eeant shaili mean isaka istemal hua hai. maqabare ke bhitar ashtakoniy kaksh hai, jo kam alankrit aur badhiya pietra dura se bana hai.

nirman

tajamahal ka nirman sanh 1632 ke asapas shuroo hua tha. bharat, faras, madhy eshiya aur any mulkoan ke vastuvidoan ki ek parishad ne is imarat ke nirman ki ek yojana taiyar ki thi. lagabhag 1653 mean tajamahal ka kam poora hone tak 20 hazar se bhi adhik shramik aur karigar pratidin tajamahal ke nirman mean jute rahe. tajamahal ke asapas ki divar tatha mukhy dvar 1649 mean bane the. sanpoorn taj parisar ke nirman mean 22 varsh ka samay laga aur isamean char karo d rupaye kharch hue. bharat ke alava faras aur turki ke mazadoor bhi the. taj ki apani ek alag ada hai jo darshakoan ko apani or khianch leti hai. shahajahaan ne ise banane valoan ke hath katava diye the. is smarak ka naqsha bharatiy vastukar eesa ne banaya tha. kuchh logoan ka anuman hai ki naqsha banane mean itali athava phraans ke vastukar ki bhi madad li gee thi.

vastukar

[[chitr:Tajmahal-24.jpg|thumb|300px|tajamahal, agara]] tajamahal ke nirmanakaroan mean kuchh nirmanakar pramukh haian. tajamahal ka keli graphar amanat khan shiraji the. maqabare ke path‍thar par ibaratean kavi gayasu‍ddin ne likhi haian, jabaki tajamahal ke gumh‍bad ka nirman ish‍mail khan afaridi ne tarki se akar kiya. tajamahal ke mistriyoan ka adhikshak muhamh‍mad hanif tha. tajamahal ke vastukar ka nam ush‍tad ahamad lahauri tha.

samagri

tajamahal ki samagri poore bharat aur madhh‍y eshiya se laee gee thi. 1000 hathiyoan ke be de ki sahayata is samagri ko nirman sh‍thal tak lane mean li gee. tajamahal ka kenh‍driy gumh‍bad 187 phit ooancha hai. tajamahal ka lal seand sh‍ton phatehapur sikari, panjab ke jasaper, chin se jed aur krish‍tal, tibbat se tarkoish yani nila path‍thar, shrilanka se lepis lajuli aur sephayar, arab se koyala aur korneliyan tatha panh‍na se hire lae ge. tajamahal mean kul milakar 28 prakar ke durlabh, moolh‍yavan aur ardh moolh‍yavan path‍thar tajamahal ki naqqashi mean upayog kie ge the. mukhh‍y bhavan samagri, safed sangamaramar zila nagaur, rajasthan ke makarana ki khanoan se laya gaya tha. [[chitr:Tajmahal-agra.jpg|thumb|left|tajamahal, agara]]

pravesh dvar

tajamahal ka mukhh‍y pravesh dakshin dvar se hai. yah pravesh dvar 151 phit lamh‍ba aur 117 phit chau da hai tatha is pravesh dvar ki ooanchaee 100 phit hai. paryatak yahaan mukhh‍y pravesh dvar ke bagal mean bane chhote dvaroan se mukhh‍y parisar mean pravesh karate haian.

mukhh‍y dvar

tajamahal ka mukhh‍y dvar lal seand sh‍ton se banaya hua hai. yah mukhy dvar 30 mitar ooancha hai. is mukhy dvar par arabi lipi mean quran ki ayatean tarashi gee haian. is mukhy dvar ke oopar hinh‍doo shaili ka chhote gumh‍bad ke akar ka mandap hai aur ath‍yant bhavh‍y pratit hota hai. [[chitr:Tajmahal-7.jpg|thumb|300px|left|tajamahal pravesh dvar , agara]] is pravesh dvar ki ek mukhh‍y visheshata yah hai ki akshar lekhan yahaan se saman akar ka pratit hota hai. ise tarashane valoan ne itani kushalata se tarasha hai ki b de aur lamh‍be akshar ek akar ka hone jaisa bhram uth‍panh‍n karate haian. yahaan char bag ke roop mean bhali bhaanti taiyar kie ge 300×300 mitar ke udyan haian jo paidal rash‍te ke donoan or phaile hue haian. isake madhh‍y mean ek manch hai jahaan se paryatak taj ki tash‍virean le sakate haian.[[chitr:Tajmahal-17.jpg|thumb|300px|tajamahal, agara]]

taj sangrahalay

tajamahal ke manch ki bayian or taj sangrahalay hai. yahaan mool chitroan mean us bariki ko dekha ja sakata hai ki vash‍tukala mean is sh‍marak ki yojana kis prakar banaee. is imarat ko banane mean 22 varsh ka samay lagega vash‍tukar ne yah bhi aandaja lagaya tha. is bariki se aandarooni hish‍se ke arekh qabroan ki sthiti darshate haian ki qabroan ke pair ki or vala hish‍sa darshakoan ko kisi bhi kon se dikhaee de sake.

masjid

lal seand sh‍ton se bani huee ek masjid taj ki bayian or hai. ish‍lam dharm ki ek am bat yah hai ki maqabare ke pas ek masjid ka nirman kiya jata hai, kh‍yoanki isase us hish‍se ko ek pavitrata niti aur pooja ka sh‍than milata hai. is masjid ko ab bhi shukarane ki namaz ke lie upayog kiya jata hai.

jabab

ek dam saman masjid taj ki dayian or bhi banaee gee hai aur ise javab kahate haian. yahaan namaz ada nahian ki jati kh‍yoanki yah pashchim ki or hai arthath makka ke viparit, jo muslimoan ka pavitr dharmik shahar hai. ise samamiti banae rakhane ke lie nirmit karaya gaya tha.

saj-sajh‍ja

tajamahal ek ooanche manch par banaya gaya hai. tajamahal ki nianv ke prath‍yek kone se uthane vali char minarean maqabare ko paryaph‍t santulan deti haian. yah minarean 41.6 mitar ooanchi haian aur in minaroan ko janaboojhakar bahar ki or halh‍ka sa jhukav diya gaya hai taki yah minarean bhookanp jaisi durghatana mean maqabare par n gir kar bahar ki or girean. tajamahal ka vishalakay gumh‍bad asadharan roop se b de dram par tika hai aur isaki kul ooanchaee 44.41 mitar hai. is dram ke adhar se shirsh tak sh‍toopika hai. isake konoan ke bavazood kenh‍driy gumh‍bad madhh‍y mean hai. yah adhar aur pravesh dvar ki or khulane vali dohari sidhiyaan maqabare par pahuanchane ka keval ek biandu hai. yahaan aandar jane ke lie joote nikalane hote haian ya ap jootoan par ek kavar laga sakate haian jo is prayojan ke lie yahaan upasthit karmachariyoan dvara apako die jate haian. [[chitr:Tajmahal-13.jpg|thumb|300px|tajamahal, agara]]

taj ki aantarik sajh‍ja

tajamahal ke aantarik hish‍se mean ek vishal kenh‍driy kaksh, isake tath‍kal niche ek tahakhana hai aur isake niche shahi parivaroan ke sadash‍yoan ki qabroan ke lie moolat: ath konoan vale char kaksh haian. is kaksh ke madhh‍y mean shahajahaan aur mumataz mahal ki qabrean haian. shahajahaan ki qabr baaneean aur apani priy rani ki qabr se kuchh ooanchaee par hai jo gumh‍bad ke thik niche sthit hai. jis par pahale qimati patthar j de hue the. bagiche ki satah se niche ek tahakhane mean vastavik taboot maujood haian. mumataz mahal ki qabr par parshiyan mean quran ki ayatean likhi haian. is qabr par ek path‍thar laga hai jis par likha hai- marakad munavh‍var arjumad bano begam mukhatib bah mumataz mahal taniphiyat pharr sanah 1404 hijari.

shahajahaan ki qabr par parshiyan mean likha hai -

marakad muhatahar ali hajarat firadaus ashiyani sahib- quran sani sani shahajahaan badashah tab surah sanah 1076 hijari.

is qabr ke oopar ek laimh‍p hai, jisaki jh‍vala kabhi samaph‍t nahian hoti hai. qabroan ke charoan or sangamaramar ki jaliyaan bani hai. donoan qabrean ardh moolh‍yavan rath‍noan se sajaee gee haian. imarat ke aandar dhh‍vani ka niyantran ath‍yant uttam hai, jisake aandar quran aur sangitakaroan ki sh‍var lahariyaan pratidhh‍vanit hoti rahati haian. aisa kaha jata hai ki joote pahanane se pahale apako qabr ka ek chakh‍kar lagana chahie taki ap ise sabhi or se nihar sakean.

tajamahal par kavita

kaimara lekar tajamahal jaie, is rachana ke anusar foto khianchie, traansperaiansiz banavaie, slaid projaiktar par sabako dikhaie, sath mean natakiy kaushal se kavita sunaie. ye sab n karean to itana kijie, kalpana mean anand lijie.

sangamaramar ka sangit (ashok chakradhar dvara naty kavita)

patr- svar-1, svar-2, gayak, mahila, gaid, anukool dhvani evan sangit svar- (1) yamuna ki saanvali laharean      vrindavan nidhivan ke      kuanj lata guanjoan ko par kar      jab badhati haian, age      ras rachati huee      baansuri guanjati huee      gayoan-si ranbhati huee      aur age      to yakayak thithak jate haian      laharoan ke paanv      badhate haian sanbhal- sanbhal. (pani mean tajamahal ke laharate bimb. halaanki samajh mean nahian a raha ki tajamahal hi hai.) kisane khilae ye safed kamal? kisane bikharaya hai dhara par para itana sara! (pani mean tajamahal ka spasht bimb, phir sthit taj.) svar- (2) tum to apane daman mean        pyar ko samet kar laee ho laharo.        sama lo apane aandar mera bhi aks.        maian bhi to vahian hooan        mujassam pyar        tumhari dhar ka kagar. (taj ki divaroan ke drishy) svar-(1) baansuri ki gooanj mean        ghul jate haian        pyar ke sitar ke svar        aur bajane lagate haian        dil ke damame. (gumbad ka aantarik svaroop) nad gooanj uthata hai      akash tak. (qabroan ke vividh kon) gayak- (masanavi shaili mean gayan) yadagare ulfate shahe jahaan         roz- e- mumataz firadaus ashiyaan         fanne tamiran ki takamil taj         dardo- ahasasat ki tashkil taj. (taj ke bahar s dak par videshi mahila aur bharatiy gaid) gaid- aiksakyooz mi maidam!        nid a gaid? mahila- no, thaianks. (sidhiyoan se chadhakar taj ka chabootara) gaid- haan to hazarat!    taj ki kahani itani lambi hai    sunana shuroo karooan    to ho jaegi rat    lekin dastan khatam nahian hogi.    paanch sadiyoan purani ye kahani,    huzoor age a jaie,    aj bhi zianda hai.    zamana gaur se sun raha hai    par ji nahian bharata hai. (tajamahal ke vibhinn sh aauts, kamaintri ke anusar) khuda maloom isake maramari zism mean kya- kya hai par itana kahooanga ki chitrakar ki nazar hai shayar ka dil hai baharoan ka nagama hai. taj kya hai qudarat ki hatheli mean khila hua ik phool hai vaqt ke rukhasar par thahara hua aansoo hai huzoor husno-jamal ka jalava hai itana khoobasoorat itana nazuk itana muqammal itana pakiza hai huzoor ki baz-vaqt dar lagata chhoone mean ki maila n ho jae. darshak- gaid haian ki shayar haian? gaid- huzoor ap kuchh bhi kahean       shayari to inasani hathoan ne ki hai        ise banakar       janabeali.      goya banane valoan ne      sangamaramar mean ik hasin      khvab likh dala hai. (tajamahal ke vibhinn sh aauts, kathy se mel khate hue.) tamir ka yani nirman ka kam shuroo hua solah sau battis mean aur sajavat ko akhiri chamak di gee solah sau tirapan mean is tarah kul jama baees sal lage aur chaubis hazar logoan ke a datalis hazar hath ise banate rahe. shuroo ke paanch sal to lag ge zamin ko yaqasar karane mean tiloan ko katane mean gaddhoan ko bharane mean. phir silasila shuroo hua saman ke amad ka ooantoan ka, hathiyoan ka gho doan ka, khachcharoan ka. musalsal silasila huzoor! taraee ke pe doan se sandal, abanoos, devadar shisham aur sal laya gaya charakoh makarana se safed sangamaramar mangavaya gaya. udayapur se kala patthar b dauda se buandakidar-khuradara kaang da se suramee aandhra ke k dappa se chitakabara bagadad se aqiq tabdakamal se firoza dariya- e- shor se mooanga lanka se lajord yaman se lalayamani dariya-e-nil se lahasina, aur n jane kahaan-kahaan se, patooniya, tavaee, moosa, mina. ajooba, nakhood, rakham, gori pankhani, goda, yaqoot, billauri. khattoo, nilam, jamarrud, gar hira, sankh, maravarid, jadabar. pukharaj hai, badal hai, goda hai itane patthar haian ki ginati bhi thak jae ginate-ginate, zamana guzar jae batate-batate. (favvaroan ke pas park) aur dekhie yahian kahian batashe aur bariq ret ke tile lage hoange eeantoan ki bhattiyaan khudi hoangi masale ke lie gu d ki bheliyaan, u dad ki dal aur patasan se maidan at gaya hoga janab. ab to yahaan nazar ke lie nazare haian nahar hai, favvare haian. lekin sochie vo bhi kya nazara hoga. (eriyal sh aauts taj aur pas ki basti / sooryast aur dhuean ki prishthabhoomi mean taj ke sh aauts.) jab sooraj ke ane aur jane ki paravah kie bina memaroan, sangatarashoan, fanakaroan ne ise banavaya hoga. idhar dher sara dhuaan nikalata hoga bhattiyoan ki chimaniyoan se. udhar tajaganj ki mazadoor jhoanp diyoan ke hazaroan choolhoan se tho da- sa dhuaan uthata hoga. idhar eeantean, udhar rotiyoan pakati hoangi idhar kilean to udhar ziandagi thukati hoangi. (samany chal se tajamahal ki parikrama ke badalate hue drishy.) ek dilachasp vaqya sunie janab chalate-chalate sunie sunata hooan janab. ek bar ek khas memar yani ianjiniyar tin mahine ki chhutti par gaya. gaya gaya to aisa gaya ki nahian lauta chhah mahine tak talashi huee, munadi phiri lekin koee khabar nahian mili poora sal bita to khud-b-khud laut ae miyaan, bole- khata maf ho shahe jahaan. khakasar ke ek sal tak gayab rahane ki maslehat ye thi ki buniyad par ja da, garami, barasat tinoan mausam guzar jaean taki buniyad mazaboot ho. maian agar yahian rahata to apaki utavali ke age ye sab kaise kahata. (kamaintri ke anusar taj ke sh aauts) khair sahab, maian bhi bhatak jata hooan qissoan mean atak jata hooan taj ka kul raqaba bayalis ek d hai sadar daravaze ki chau daee sadhe das phit ooanchaee assi phit hai kamare ki chhat ke oopar bhool- bhulaiya hai char kamare, baees burjiyaan char chhote gumbad haian aur sangamaramar ke chaboorate ke charoan konoan pe jo char minarean haian huzoor kya khoobasoorat ooanchaiyaan haian ek sau basath phit chhah ianch. (taj ki divaroan par likhavat) sajavat ke lie ayatoan aur sooratoan ko 'khatte-suls' mean tarashavaya gaya hai. 'khatte-suls' yani likhavat ka ek tariqa khianchavat aur baankapan aisa likhavat mean ki husn mean izafa ho. tarashe hue guladaste aur belaboote divaroan ko saza rahe haian, mazar ki or jhuke hue muskurate phool khilati huee kaliyaan aur tarotaza patte mahasoos yooan hota hai jaise lagatar kornish baja rahe haian. ye jo dekh rahe haian sangamaramar ki jali, pahale yahaan sone ki thi janabeali! chalis hazar tole ki thi lekin hata li. maujooda jali ko hi dekhie gairamamooli phool-patte aur surahiyaan gulaboote aur pyaliyaan jali ke ar-par haian, jo pasina baha hai is kamane fan ke lie dekhane vale us par nisar haian. (taj ki jali / gumbad / qabr / kalas / masjid- mehaman-khane ke vibhinn drishy.) jali ke bichoan-bich mumataz ki qabr hai pahaloo mean hi shahajahaan ki donoan milakar akele mean batean karate hoange jane kahaan-kahaan ki. ek shayar ne likha hai- 'tajamahal se poochh ke dekho kaisi thi mumataz mahal shahajahaan ka lahaja banakar patthar-patthar bolega'. bolate haian huzoor ye patthar ye gumbad, ye kalas ye minarean, ye gul boote sab milakar bolate haian. magarib ki taraf dekh munni masjid hai mashariq mean isake javab mean mehamanakhana hai. shahajahaan yahi pe apane mehamanoan ko lata hoga aur meri tarah isaki khoobiyaan batata hoga (gumbad / chaand ka qayada / lattoo / surahi / chaand) khair, ab dekhie taj ka ye gumbad bazahir chhota nazar ata hai lekin kafi baland hai balandi hai sadhe tis phit chaand ka qayada sadhe ath phit lattoo ka qatar sadhe char phit lattoo ki surahi sadhe char phit surahi par ka lattoo paune paanch phit kalas ka vazan battis man hai aur kalas ke chaand par likha hua hai qalam-e- tayyaba- gayak- (ajan ke svar) la ilah- illallah        mohammadurrasoolullah. (sidhiyaan utarakar divar ke sahare-sahare ke drishy) gaid- ye to balandi dekhi          gaharaee mean jaean to huzoor          vahaan pani hai          haan janab taj ki buniyad mean          chalis kuean haian.          kuoan mean tin hazar chhah sau          latthe utare ge.          aise latthe jo jitana pani mean rahean          aur zyada mazaboot banean.          darasal yahi to taj ke          ahasas ki bhi buniyad hai,          jisamean dil ki          gili halachal hai         aur pyar ki phariyad hai. (taj ka bariq kam) bahut pyar se banaya hai taj ko memaroan fanakaroan ne shilpakala ka aisa namoona ki jis hisse ko jitane gaur se dekhane jaie usamean chhipi nazakatean khud-b-khud jalva dikhane dikhane lageangi, mahin daliyoan ke pechokham nazuk phooloan ki pankhuriyaan apase batiyane lageangi. (divaroan par likhavat) aur ye a de-tirachhe khutoot inako is tarah milaya hai ki jo d dikhaee nahian deta aur daantoan tale uangali to tab dabaeange, jab assi fit ooanchi likhavat ko yahian se dekhakar samane ki likhavat ke barabar paeange. taj ke memaroan ne bharatiy ganit vidya aur jyamiti padhi thi isilie unamean napajokh aur paimaish ki tamiz b di thi. (taj ki alag-alag shilpakariyaan) jat-paant ka bhed nahian tha banane valoan mean unaki kala, unaka hunar hi unaka dharam tha ya kahean karam ka dharam tha. mau. sharif kalas-saz the samarakand ke mau. hanif memar the kandhar ke ismail khaan roomi gumbad-saz the dilli ke chirangi lal, chhote lal manohar sianh mannoo lal ne ki thi pachchikari ata muhammad jatamal shankar muhammad joravar ne gulakari ustad afandi naksha-navis the ustad eesa rajagir ustad manohar badhee sitar khaan khushanavis the. khushanavis mane suandar likhane vale aur khushanavis kya the khushanasib the kitani aankhean dekhati haian husno jamal ko kitane dil saharate haian kala ke kamal ko pakizagi aur roohaniyat ka jaise sakar roop talasha gaya ho, phool ki pankhuriyoan se goya hire ka mahal tarasha gaya ho. sadaqe in fanakaroan ki uangaliyoan ke sadaqe unaki chhainiyoan ke sadaqe iansan ki un koshishoan ke jo doodh mean nahae khvab jaisa taj bana sakati haian, sadaqe unaki mehanat ke jo sangamaramar ka sangit suna sakati haian. (sooryast ke samay lauang sh aaut mean taj) farishato dhaank do roohoan ki chadar se ise varana fiza ki saans chhoo-chhoo kar ise maila n kar dale

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

vithika

x260px|alt=tajamahal ka vihangam drishy|tajamahal ka vihangam drishy
Panoramic View of Tajmahal

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Panoramic View of Tajmahal

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bahari k diyaan

• chitr tajamahal