व्यक्तिगत सत्याग्रह

thumb|250px|nyooyark sthit gaandhiji ki pratima vyaktigat satyagrah rashtrapita mahatma gaandhi dvara san 1940 mean prarambh kiya gaya tha. is satyagrah ki sabase b di bat yah thi ki isamean mahatma gaandhi dvara chuna hua satyagrahi poorv nirdharit sthan par bhashan dekar apani giraphtari deta tha. apane bhashan se poorv satyagrahi apane satyagrah ki soochana zila majistret ko bhi deta tha.

shuruat

3 sitambar, san 1939 ko bharat ke tatkalin vayasaray l aaurd linalithago ne yah ghoshana ki ki bharat bhi dvatiy vishvayuddh mean sammilit hai. vayasaray ne is ghoshana se poorv kisi bhi rajanitik dal se paramarsh nahian kiya. isase kaangres asantusht ho gee. mahatma gaandhi ne bhi british sarakar ki yuddhaniti ka virodh karane ke lie san 1940 mean ahiansatmak 'vyaktigat satyagrah' arambh kiya.

pratham satyagrahi

11 aktoobar, 1940 ko gaandhiji dvara 'vh‍yaktigat sath‍yagrah' ke pratham sath‍yagrahi ke taur par vinoba bhave ko chuna gaya. prasiddhi ki chahat se door vinoba bhave is sath‍yagrah ke karan behad mashahoor ho ge. unako gaanv-gaanv mean yuddh virodhi taqarirean karate hue age badhate chale jana tha. british sarakar dvara 21 aktoobar ko vinoba ko giraphtar kiya gaya.

giraphtariyaan

pandit javaharalal neharoo ke anusar 'vyaktigat satyagrah' 7 navambar, san 1940 ko shuroo hona tha, parantu 31 aktoobar, san 1940 ko hi ve giraphtar kar liye ge. isi silasile mean 17 navambar, 1940 ko saradar patel bhi giraphtar kar liye ge. isake bad kaangres ne 'vyaktigat satyagrah' ko apana karyakram banaya aur giraphtariyaan dene ka ek aandolan chala diya. gaandhiji svayan giraphtar nahian hue kyoanki ve is aandolan ki vyavastha mean lage hue the. gaandhiji ka kahana tha ki satyagrah matr bharat ko yuddh mean shamil karane ki niti ke virodh mean chalaya ja raha tha tatha unaka makasad sarakar ko pareshan karana tha.

panjab ke chiph ministar sar sikandar hayat khaan ne is aandolan ke sanbandh mean kaha ki "jis samay british sarakar apane jivan-maran ke sangharsh mean phansi thi, us samay satyagrah karana unaki pith mean chhura bhoankana tha". yah satyagrah poorn roop se niyantrit tha. isamean hiansa ko leshamatr sthan nahian mila. aisa pratit hota hai ki 'vyaktigat satyagrah' aandolan mean mee, 1941 tak poore desh mean hazaroan log jel ge. chhah praantoan ke bhootapoorv mukhyamantri, 29 mantri tatha 290 vidhan mandaloan ke sadasy bhi giraphtar kiye ge. isi bich vaisaray ne kaangres ki maangoan par dhyan n dete hue apani karyapalika parishad mean paanch bharatiy sadasy aur badha diye. ab karyapalika parishad mean 8 sadasy ho gaye the, parantu raksha, grih, vitt adi mahattvapoorn vibhag aangrezoan ke adhin hi the.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

sanbandhit lekh

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