अकाल

akal bharat ke arthik jivan ki ek dukhad visheshata tha. megasthaniz ne likha hai ki bharat mean akal nahian p data, lekin yah kathan bad ke itihas mean sahi nahian siddh hota. sach to yah hai ki bharat jaise desh mean mukhyat: kheti hi jivan-yapan ka sadhan hai aur vah mukhyat: anishchit manasooni varsha par nirbhar rahati hai. at: yahaan akal pray: p data rahata hai.

vishvast vivaran

british rajyakal ke pahale ke akaloan ka vishvast vivaran prapt nahian hota hai lekin 1757 ee. ki plasi ki l daee aur 1947 ee. mean bharat ki svadhinata milane ke samay ke bich, arthat 190 varsh ki chhoti avadhi ke dauran desh mean b de-b de nau akal p de. yatha-

• 1769-70 ee., jisamean bangal, bihar aur u disa ki ek tihaee abadi nasht ho gee.
• 1837-38 ee. mean samast uttari bharat akalagrast hua, jisamean 8 lakh vyakti maut ke shikar hue.
• 1861 ee. mean pun: bhari akal p da, jisamean uttar bharat mean asankhy vyakti mare.
• 1866 ee. mean u disa mean akal p da, jisamean 10 lakh logoan ki janean geean.
• 1868-1869 ee. mean rajapootana aur buandelakhand akal ke shikar hue. isamean kam adami mare, phir bhi yah sankhya ek lakh se kam nahian thi.
• 1873-1874 ee. mean bangal aur bihar mean pun: akal p da, jisamean log bhari sankhya mean mare.
• 1876-1878 ee. ka akal to samast bharat mean p da, jisake phalasvaroop akele british bharat mean 50 lakh vyakti mare.
• 1896-1900 ee. mean dakshini, madhy aur uttari bharat mean akal p da, jisamean sadhe sat lakh vyakti mare ge.
• 1943 ee. mean british sarakar ki 'sarvakshar' niti, vyapariyoan ki dhanalipsatmak jamakhori tatha prashasanik bhrashtachar ke karan bangal mean akal p da, jisamean 15 lakh vyakti mare.
• sar richard straichi ki adhyakshata mean niyukt akal ayog dvara 1880 ee. mean akal prativedan prastut kiya gaya.

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panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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sanbandhit lekh

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