आर्षेय कल्पसूत्र

samanyat: shrautasootroan aur vishesh roop se sam–lakshan granthoan ke madhy isaka atyant sammanapoorn sthan hai. kaland ke anusar yah latyayan evan drahyayan shrautasootroan ki apeksha adhik prachin hai.^[1] isake rachayita mashak ya mashak gargy mane jate haian. pariman ki drishti se isamean ekadash adhyay haian, jinamean vibhinn somayagoan mean gey stomoan ki klriptiyaan di gee haian, jinase yagoan ka audgatr paksh sampann hota hai. vastut: somayag trividh hote haian– ekah (ek sutyadivas vale) yag, ahin (do se gyarah sutyadivasoan vale) tatha satrayag (12 se lekar tin sau ikasath dinoan mean sadhy).

stotriy rricha

arsheyakalp mean ekah se lekar sahastr sanvatsarasadhy somayagoan se sambaddh vividh samoan aur unaki stotriy rrichaoan ki soochi matr pradatt hai, jo kisi sima tak yag–parampara mean ruchi n rakhane vale ko niras bhi pratit ho sakati hai. prarambh gavamayan satrayag se hua hai. arsheyakalp poornataya tandy brahman ke kram ka anusartta hai. 361 dinoan mean sampadyaman gavamayan satr ke anantar isamean ekah, ahin aur satrayagoan se sambaddh vivaran diya gaya hai. shyen, ishu, sandansh aur vajr prabhriti abhichar yagoan ke niroopan mean, jo panchaviansh brahman mean n niroopit hokar shadaviansh brahman mean vihit haian, arsheyakalp yajurvediy kram ka anuyayi hai, jahaan shyen ka ullekh sadyaskr ke roop mean ishu ka brahaspatisav ke tatha sandesh aur vajr ka ekah yagoan ke anantar hua hai. somayagoan mean gan–viniyog prayen niyamat: ooh aur oohy granthoan se hua hai, kintu isake katipay apavad bhi haian, jahaan gramegey aur aranyegey ganoan se bhi gan vihit haian. arsheyakalp mean batalaya gaya hai ki tattath somayagoan ke vibhinn srotoan mean ken samoan ka gan kiya jana chahie aur unaki stotragat rrichaean kaun–kaun si haian? pratik rrikh ke pratham pad se ullikhit haian, kintu ve us pratik se arambh hone vale sampoorn trich ke dyotak haian. kalpakar jab yah anubhav karate haian ki tandy brahman mean se kisi yag ki vistar se stom–klripti di gee hai, tab ve vahaan punarookti nahian karate. haan, bhashyakar varadaraj avashy us sthal par avashyak aur apekshit vivaran jutakar nyoonata ki poorti ka prayatn karate haian.

sam–gan

somayagoan ke sam–gan ki prakriya atyant jatil hai. isalie yahaan usaka aanshik parichay de dena avashyak hai. sam–gan do bhagoan mean vibhakt haian– poorvagan aur uttaragan. poorvagan mean gramegeyagan aur aranyegeyagan nam se do bhag haian. inhean prakritigan bhi kahate haian. somayag mean uttaraganoan ka hi mukhyataya vyavahar hota hai. ye samaved ke uttararchik par adhrit haian jisake 20 adhyayoan par ooh aur oohyagan prapt hote haian. uttaraganoan ke 'ooh' aur 'oohy' nam inake vicharapoorvak gan hone ki soochana dete haian. somayagoan mean udgatri–mandal inaka paanch athava saptabhaktik roop mean agan karata hai. ye paanch vibhaktiyaan kramash: is prakar haian– prastav, udgith, pratihar, upadrav aur nidhan. inhian mean onkar aur hinkar ka samavesh karane se inaki sankhya sat ho jati hai. prastota pratihartta aur udgata apane–apane bhagoan ka gan karate haian. antim nidhan bhakti ka gan samavet svar mean hota hai. kisi samavishesh mean kitana–kitana bhag kis rritvikh ke dvara gey hai, yahi vichar vastut: 'ooh' hai. vah adharabhoot rricha, jis par sam (gan) adhrit hota hai, 'yoni' ya 'samayoni' kahalati hai. ooh aur oohy ganagatatrich ki pratham stotriy rrikh gramegeyagan ya aranyegeyagan ke ekarch gan ke sadrish hoti hai aur any do stotriy rrichaoan mean vahi jnan apanaya jata hai jo pratham stotriy rricha mean hota hai. is prakar uttaragan mean samanyat: ek stotr ka sampadan tin rrichaoan se hota hai. ise hi 'pragath' bhi kaha jata hai. inhian trich roop stotroan ka avrittipoorvak gan 'stot' hai– 'avrittiyuktan tatsam stom ityabhidhiyate.'^[2] stomoan ki kul sankhya nau hai– trivrit, panchadash, saptadash, ekaviansh, trinav, trayastriansh, chaturviansh, chatushchatvariansh tatha ashtachatvariansh. stomoan ke vibhinn prakaroan ko ‘vishtuti’ kaha jata hai. 'panchapanchini', 'udyati', 'kulayini' ityadi vibhinn vishtutiyaan haian, jinaka vishesh vivaran tandyamahabrahman mean hai.

yag drishti

is prakar yag drishti se sam–gan mean samanyat: bahishpavamanadi taiantis pramukh stotr, nau stom aur 28 vishtutiyaan vyavahrit hoti haian. rricha ko gan roop dene ke lie katipay parivartan hote haian, jinhean 'vikar' kaha jata hai. inamean 'stobh' (rrigbhinn 'auhova', 'hau' ityadi akshar) mukhy haian. inake atirikt pushpasootr mean aitv, prakritibhav ityadi 20 bhav vikar bhi batalae ge haian.^[3] chatu:sansth somayagoan ka namakaran inhian samoan aur stomoan ke adhar par sampann hua hai. agnishtom, ukthy, shodashi tatha atiratr nam vastut: vibhinn stotroan aur stomoan ke hi upalakshak hai. udaharan ke lie sabhi somayagoan ke prakritibhoot yag 'agnishtom' ka namakaran 'yajnayajna vo agnaye'^[4] is agneyi rricha mean utpann 'yajnayajniy agnishtom' sanjnak sam se samapt hone ke karan hua hai. isi prakar 'ukthy' sanjnak tin vishesh stotroan (sakamashv sam, saurabh sam tatha narmedh sam) ka ekaviansh stom mean prayog ukthy sansth jyotishtom mean hota hai.

vishay

adhyay–kram se ‘arsheyakalp’ mean pratipadit vishayoan ka vivaran is prakar hai:–

pratham do adhyayoan mean gavamayan satr ka niroopan hai, jo vastav mean vibhinn ekahoan ke nishchit kram mean anushthan se sampann hota hai. poorvapaksh ke pahale do dinoan mean atiratr tatha prayaniyeshti ka anushthan hota hai. tadanantar paanch masoan tak vibhinn abhiplav shadahoan (jyoti, gau, ayu, ayu tatha jyoti sanjnak ekahoan) tatha prishthy shadahoan ka anushthan kiya jata hai. shashth mas mean tin abhiplav shadahoan, ek abhijit tatha tin svar samoan ka anushthan hota hai. antim din 'vishuvath' sanjnak hota hai. uttarapaksh ke saptam mas mean tin svar sam, ek vishvajit, tin abhiplav shadah anushthey haian. ashtam se ekadash mas tak prishthy tatha abhiplav shadahoan ka hi anushthan hota hai. 12vean mas mean tin abhiplav shadah, ek ayu, ek goshtom tatha dvadashah ke 10 din anushthey haian. ant mean 'mahavrat' ka anushthan vihit hai, jisaki kalpana pakshi ke vibhinn avayavoan ke roop mean ki gee hai. yah has–parihas tatha manoranjan se sanvalit krity hai.
tritiy adhyay mean jyoti, gau:, ayu prabhriti ekahoan ke sath hi shyen aur ishu sadrish abhichar yagoan tatha sanskaravihin vratyastom yagoan ka bhi vidhan hai. isi adhyay mean 'sarvasvar' namak vilakshan yag (jo sutya ke din mrityu–kamana karane vale ke dvara anushthey hai) ka vidhan bhi hua hai.
chaturth adhyay mean chaturmasyoan ka vishad vivaran hai. inake sath hi upahavy, rritapey, doonash, vaishy stom, tivrasut, vajapey tatha rajasooy sanjnak yagoan ka niroopan bhi hua hai. pancham adhyay mean raj, viraj, aupashadh, pun: stom, dvividh chatushtom, udbhidh, balabhidh, apachiti, jyoti, rrishabh prabhriti ka varnan hua hai. 'gosav' sanjnak vilakshan yag, jisamean ek varsh tak sabhi kriyaean pashu ke saman ki jati haian, ka tatha 'sandansh' aur 'vajr' sanjnak abhichar yagoan ka pratipadan bhi isi adhyay mean hua hai.
shashth se ashtam adhyay tak vibhinn ahin yagoan (do sutyadivasoan se lekar 11 sutyadivasoan se yukt) ka niroopan kiya gaya hai. inamean aangiras, chaitrarath tatha kapivan sanjnak dviratr haian, garg, ashv, vaid, chhandomapavaman, antarvasu tatha parak sanjnak triratr haian, atri, jamadagny, vasishth aur vaishvamitr sanjnak chaturarth haian, dev, panch sharadiy aur vratamadhy namak pancharatr haian. tin shadah haian, sat saptaratr haian, ek ashtaratr hai, do navaratr haian, char dasharatr haian aur ek ekadash ratr hai.
navam adhyay mean 48 satrayagoan ka vivaran hai. dasham tatha ekadash adhyay vibhinn 'ayan' sanjnak yagoan ke vidhi–vidhan ke prastavak haian. inamean adityoan, angirasoan, dritivatavanoan, kundapayiyoan, tapashchitoan ke ayanoan ke sath hi sarasvat, darshavat, sarparatr, trisanvatsar, prajapaty (sahastr sanvatsarasadhy) tatha vishvasrijamayan pramukhataya upapadit haian. katipay apavadoan ko chho dakar 'arsheyakalp' samanyat: tandy mahabrahman ka anuvartan karata hai.

vyakhya

'arsheyakalp' par varadaraj ki vaidushyapoorn vyakhya upalabdh hai jisaka nam hai 'vivriti'. arambh mean lagabhag 90 prishthoan ka unaka upodghat somayagoan ke svaroop ke parijnan ke lie atyant upadey hai. vyakhya ki pushpika se jnat hota hai ki varadaraj ke pita ka nam vamanary tatha pitamah ka nam anantanarayan yajva tha. ve tamilanadu ke nivasi tatha shri vaishnav sampraday ke anuyayi the. samavediy ranayaniy shakha se unaka vishesh sambandh tha.

sanskaran

kaland ke dvara sampadit tatha 1908 mean lipjig se ‘Der ARSE Yakalpa Des Samveda’ nam se prakashit hai. isamean adhyay ke sthan par prapathak shabd ka vyavahar hua hai.
pro. bellikottu ramachandr sharma ke dvara sampadit ‘vivriti’ yukt shreshth sanskaran, vishveshvaranand sansthan, hoshiyarapur se 1967 ee. mean prakashit hai.

tika tippani aur sandarbh

↑ Pancavimsa Brahmana, Eng. Trans., Introduction, Page IX (Asiatic Society, Calcutta
↑ tandyabrahman par sayan–bhashy ki upakramanika.
↑ sam gan ki saangitik prakriya ke lie drashtavy granth hai– samaved ka parishilan (d aau. omaprakash pandey) bharat bharati anushthanamh, 346 qanoon goyaann, baraanbaki (u. pr.) se prakashit.
↑ gramegey gan, 1.4.35–4

sanbandhit lekh

shrutiyaan

varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj

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[1] Pancavimsa Brahmana, Eng. Trans., Introduction, Page IX (Asiatic Society, Calcutta

[2] tandyabrahman par sayan–bhashy ki upakramanika.

[3] sam gan ki saangitik prakriya ke lie drashtavy granth hai– samaved ka parishilan (d aau. omaprakash pandey) bharat bharati anushthanamh, 346 qanoon goyaann, baraanbaki (u. pr.) se prakashit.

[4] ramegey gan, 1.4.35–4

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]