ताण्ड्य ब्राह्मण
'tandy' namak achary dvara rache jane ke karan ise tandy brahman kaha gaya. isaki vishalata ke karan ise 'mahabrahman' bhi kahate haian. isamean 25 adhyay hone ke karan ise 'panchavish' bhi kaha jata hai. isaka pramukh pratipady vishay 'somayag' hai. sarasvati ke punah vilupt hone tatha punah prakat hone ka ullekh tandv brahman mean milata hai.
tandy brahman ke pravachanakarta
svayan tandy brahman se is par koee prakash nahian p data ki isaka rachayita kaun hai. haan, parampara ke anusar tandi namak kinhian samaved ke achary ke dvara prokt hone ke karan yah tandi athava brahman ke nam se prasiddh hai.[1] samavidhan brahman[2] mean sampradayapravartak acharyoan ki jis parampara ka ullekh hai, tadnusar tandi aur shatyayan badarayan ke shishy the. rrishi tandi se prarambh hone vale gotr ka ullekh vansh brahman[3] mean bhi hai. agnichiti ke sandarbh mean shatapath brahman[4] mean tandy namak achary ka ullekh hai. samavidhan ka ullekh vishesh pramanik pratit hota hai, kyoanki tandi aur shatyayan shakhaoan ka yugapadh anyatr bhi nam nirdesh hua hai.[5] pratit hota hai ki kauthum-shakha ki upashakhaoan mean tandy ka mahattv sarvadhik raha hai, kyoanki shankarachary ne chhandogy upanishad ka nirdesh tandishakhiyoan ki upanishad ke roop mean hi kiya hai.[6]
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tandy brahman ka svaroop
tandy brahman ka namantar, 25 adhyayoan mean vibhakt hone ke karan, panchaviansh brahman bhi hai. akar-prakar ki vishalata aur varnyavishayoan ki garima ke karan yah mahabrahman tatha praudhabrahman ke namoan se bhi jana jata hai. susantulit niroopan-shaili ke karan tandy brahman ki praudhata svayanmev lakshit ho jati hai. aitareyadi brahmanoan ke saman isamean bhi bhig adhyayoan ko 'panchika' kahane ki parampara hai; is prakar tandy brahman panchapanchikatmak hai. vidvanoan ka vichar hai ki aitareyadi any vedoan ke brahmanoan ke saman samavediy tandy brahman mean bhi moolat: 40 adhyay hone chahie. shadaviansh brahman aur upanishad brahmanoan ko milakar yah sankhya sampann bhi ho jati hai. isake anusar kashikokt 'chatvariansh brahman' shabd tandy brahman ke hi 40 adhyayatmak svaroop ke jnapanarth prayukt hai.[7] yadyapi shadgurushishy ka mat isake viparit hai.[8] is sandarbh mean satyavrat samashrami ne sarvadhik dridhata se tandy brahman ke chatvarianshadadhyayatmak svaroop ka samarthan kiya hai.[9] shadaviansh to spasht roop se tandy brahman ka bhag hai.
tandy brahman ka pratipadyavishay
tandy brahman ka pramukh pratipady vishay somayag hai. agnishtomasansth-jyotishtom se arambh karake sahastrasanvatsarasadhy somayagoan ka isamean mukhyat: vidhan kiya gaya hai. inake aangabhoot stotr, stom aur unaki vishtutiyoan ke prakar evan stomabhag isamean vistar se vihit haian. adhyayanusar vishay-vastu ka sankshipt vivaran is prakar hai-
- 1-udgata ke lie pathaniy yajushatmak mantr.
- 2-3-trivrith-panchadashadi stomoan ki vishtutiyaan.
- 4-5-samast satrayagoan ke prakritibhoot gavamayan ka varnan.
- 6-9 (12vean khand tak)-jyotishtom, ukthy tatha atiratrasansth-yagoan ka varnan. navamadhyay ke shesh khandoan mean vibhinn prayashchitt-vidhiyoan ka varnan.
- 10-15-dvadashah yagoan ka varnan.
- 16-19-vibhinn ekah yagoan ka varnan.
- 20-22-ahin yagoan ka niroopanh.
- 23-25-satr-yagoan ka vidhan.
kul milakar 781611 sutyak 178 somayag isamean niroopit haian. is prakar tandy brahman ka mukhy niroopy vishay somayag evan tadgat samagan ki pravidhi ka prastavan hai. vividh prakar ke sam, unake namakaranadi se sambaddh akhyayikaean aur niruktiyaan bhi prasangat: pushkal pariman mean aee haian. yajn ke vibhinn pakshoan ke sandarbh mean acharyoan ke madhy prachalit vivadoan aur mat-matantaroan ka ullekh bhi hai. tandy brahman mean niroopit vratyayajn ka nirdesh bhi yahaan avashyak hai, jo samajik evan saanskritik drishti se atyant mahattvapoorn hai. brahmanayugin bhaugolik samagri bhi isamean prapy hai. somayagoan ke vidhan mean kram ki drishti se katyayan aur apastamb sadrish pramukh shrautasootrakar tandyokt kram ka hi avalamban karate haian.[10]
tandy brahman ka vaishishty
tandy brahman ki rachana ka samay vikram se tin sahastrapoorv pratit hota hai. kuru-paanchal janapadoan se naimisharany aur khandav vanoan ke madhy aur sarasvati-drishadvati nadiyoan tatha ganga-yamuna ki vistrit antarvedi mean, jis sanskriti ka us samay vikas hua, usake samajik, rajanitik evan arthik jivan ka suvishad vivaran tandy mean prapt hota hai. tatkalin janapadoan aur nadiyoan ka vistrit bhaugolik vivaran tandy brahman ko gahari aitihasik arthavatta deta hai. vratyasamasya uttaravaidik kal ki pramukh samajik-dharmik prahelika rahi hai. yadyapi atharvaved aur vajasaneyisanhitaoan mean bhi vratyavishayak vivaran hai, kintu tandy se is par pramanik aur spasht prakash p data hai. tadanusar vraty bharatiy jan-samaj ke aise acharahin aang the, jinaki vaidik karmakand ke prati anastha thi. unhean pun: bharatiy samaj mean, sanskrit kar lane ke lie vratyastom yagoan ki yojana ki gee. in yagoan ke sandarbh mean, tandy mean vistrit vivaran prapt hota hai. 'yatiyoan' ka bhi aisa hi pathabhrasht varg tha. sahityik drishti se, tandy mean, 'kavi' aur 'kavy' donoan shabd prapt hote haian. tandy ke arambh mean hi kavy ki adhishthatri vagh devi se prarthana ki gee hai-'devi vegh. yatte madhumath tasminh ma dha:'. 'manushyadeva:', 'yajamano vai prastar:'[11], 'pashavo vai brihadrathantare' prabhriti lakshanik prayog tandy brahman ki abhivyakti-bhangima ko tikshnata pradan karate haian. yajn ke dravyamay roop ke sthan par shanai:shanai jis atm-yajnatmak roop ka varnan age hua, usake bij tandy brahman mean hi dikhalaee de jate haian. sahastrasanvatsarasadhy-vishvasrijamayan yag[12] mean, pratikatmakata aur manavikaran ke madhyam se atmayajn ki hi vastut: udbhavana ki gee hai. is yajn mean tapasya, brahm, ira, amrit, bhoot-bhavishyatkal, rrituoan, saty, yash, bal, asha ahoratr aur mrityu ne vibhinn rritvijoan aur dravyoan ka sthan grahan kar yajn-sampadan kiya. asha ko havishy batalakar jivan ki yajnaroopata ka hi prakarantar se pratipadan kiya gaya hai. sam-gan ke sath hi vina prabhriti vadyoan tatha unake apaghatila aur van sadrish prabhedoan ka vivaran tandy mean hai. akhyayikaoan ka bhi tandy brahman mean anant hai. kul 180 akhyayikaean isamean haian. dasyu ke hriday-parivartan tatha gandharvoan aur apsaraoan ki premalilavishayini akhyayikaean ise rochakata pradan karati hai.
tandy brahman ke sanskaran
tandy brahman ke upalabdh sanskaran ye haian-
- anandachandr vedantavagish dvara sanpadit, kalakatta, 1870-74.
- pan. chitrasvamishastri tatha pan. pattabhiramashastri ke dvara do bhagoan mean sampadit tatha chaukhamba varanasi sanskrit pratishthan se prakashit (sanh 1924 tatha 1936). isi ka kuchh varshoan poorv punarmudran bhi ho gaya hai (1989).
- d aau. lokeshachandr dvara sarasvati-viharasthit tandy mahabrahman ke hastalekh ka chhaya-mudran.
- W. Caland ka aangrezi anuvad 'The BRAHMANA of Twenty Five Chapters, Calcutta, 1931.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ chitrasvami shastri, tandy brahman, purastath nivedanamh, prishth 2.
- is parampara ka samarthan jaiminiy brahman ke us aansh se hota hai, jahaan kaha gaya hai- 'tadu hovach tanday:.' apastamb shrautasootr mean ise 'tandyakamh' kaha gaya hai. latyayan shrautasootr (8.10.17) mean 'puranamh tandyamh' ullikhit hai. kaland ne yadyapi yahaan kisi doosare prachin brahman ka sanket mana hai, kintu unake samarthan mean vastut: koee gambhir yukti nahian hai. bhashyakar agnisvami ne tandy brahman ki 'tandyapravachan' nam diya hai.
- ↑ samavidhan brahman 3.9.3
- ↑ vansh brahman 2.6
- ↑ shatapath brahman 5.1.2.25
- ↑ anyeapi shakhin: tandim: shatyayin:- brahmasootr, shankarabhashy, 3.3.27
- ↑ yatha tandinamupanishadi, brahmasootr, 3.3.36
- ↑ kashika, 5.1.62
- ↑ aitarey brahman ki sukhaprada vyakhya
- ↑ 'adhyayanamh sankalanaya chatvarianshaddhyayatmakamh kauthumabrahmanan sampadyate tandyanam'. trayiparichay, prishth 121; 'panchavianshan shadavianshan brahmanan ch chhandogyopanishachch- militva tadyamahabrahmanan bhavati. -satavalekar, samaved; bhoomika, prishth 13
- ↑ tandy brahman ke vishay mean vishad adhyayan ke lie dekhie lekhak ka granth samavediy brahmanoan ka parishilan (praptisthan-346, qanoonagoyal, barabanki, uttar pradesh
- ↑ tandy brahman 1.3.1
- ↑ tandy brahman, 25.18.2
sanbandhit lekh
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