Difference between revisions of "सुमित्रानंदन पंत"
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==कला पक्ष== | ==कला पक्ष== | ||
====भाषा==== | ====भाषा==== | ||
| − | कवि पन्त का भाषा पर असाधारण अधिकार है। भाव और विषय के अनुकूल मार्मिक शब्दावली उनकी लेखनी से सहज प्रवाहित होती है। यद्यपि पन्त की भाषा का एक | + | कवि पन्त का भाषा पर असाधारण अधिकार है। भाव और विषय के अनुकूल मार्मिक शब्दावली उनकी लेखनी से सहज प्रवाहित होती है। यद्यपि पन्त की भाषा का एक विशिष्ट स्तर है फिर भी वह विषयानुसार परिवर्तित होती है। |
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====शैली==== | ====शैली==== | ||
पन्तजी के काव्य में एकाधिक शैलियों का प्रयोग हुआ है। प्रकृति-चित्रण में भावात्मक, आलंकारिक तथा दृश्य विधायनी शैली का प्रयोग हुआ है। विचार-प्रधान तथा दार्शनिक विषयों की शैली विचारात्मक एवं विश्लेषणात्मक भी हो गई है। इसके अतिरिक्त प्रतीक-शैली का प्रयोग भी हुआ है। सजीव बिम्ब-विधान तथा ध्वन्यात्मकता भी आपकी रचना-शैली की विशेषताएँ हैं। | पन्तजी के काव्य में एकाधिक शैलियों का प्रयोग हुआ है। प्रकृति-चित्रण में भावात्मक, आलंकारिक तथा दृश्य विधायनी शैली का प्रयोग हुआ है। विचार-प्रधान तथा दार्शनिक विषयों की शैली विचारात्मक एवं विश्लेषणात्मक भी हो गई है। इसके अतिरिक्त प्रतीक-शैली का प्रयोग भी हुआ है। सजीव बिम्ब-विधान तथा ध्वन्यात्मकता भी आपकी रचना-शैली की विशेषताएँ हैं। | ||
Revision as of 13:55, 20 May 2013
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sumitranandan pant hindi sahity mean chhayavadi yug ke char stanbhoan mean se ek haian. sumitranandan pant us naye yug ke pravartak ke roop mean adhunik hindi sahity mean udit hue. sumitranandan pant ka janm 20 mee 1900 mean kausani, uttarakhand, bharat mean hua tha. janm ke chhah ghante bad hi maan ko kroor mrityu ne chhin liya. shishu ko usaki dadi ne pala posa. shishu ka nam rakha gaya gusaee datt.
shiksha
[[chitr:Pant.jpg|left|thumb|250px|kausani mean mahakavi ka durlabh chitr]] jnanapith puraskar se sammanit hindi ke sukumar kavi pant ki praranbhik shiksha kausani gaanv ke skool mean huee, phir vah varanasi a ge aur jayanarayan haeeskool mean shiksha paee, isake bad unhoanne ilahabad mean myor seantral k aaulej mean pravesh liya, par iantaramidiet ki pariksha mean baithane se pahale hi 1921 mean asahayog aandolan mean shamil ho ge.
svatantrata sangram
1921 ke asahayog aandolan mean unhoanne k aaulej chho d diya tha, par desh ke svatantrata sangram ki ganbhirata ke prati unaka dhyan 1930 ke namak satyagrah ke samay se adhik keandrit hone laga, inhian dinoan sanyogavash unhean kalakaankar mean gram jivan ke adhik nikat sanpark mean ane ka avasar mila. us gram jivan ki prishthabhoomi mean jo sanvedan unake hriday mean aankit hone lage, unhean vani dene ka prayatn unhoanne yugavani (1938) aur gramya (1940) mean kiya. yahaan se unaka kavy, yug ke jivan-sangharsh tatha nee chetana ka darpan ban jata hai. svarnakiran tatha usake bad ki rachanaoan mean unhoanne kisi adhyatmik ya darshanik saty ko vani n dekar vyapak manaviy saanskritik tattv ko abhivyakti di, jisamean ann pran, man atma, adi manav-jivan ke sabhi svaroan ki chetana ko sanyojit karane ka prayatn kiya gaya.
kushal kavi
[[chitr:Pant amitabh.jpg|left|thumb|250px|harivansharay bachchan aur sadi ke mahanayak amitabh bachchan ke sath mahakavi sumitranandan pant ]] sumitranandan pant adhunik hindi sahity ke ek yug pravartak kavi haian. unhoanne bhasha ko nikhar aur sanskar dene, usaki samarthy ko udghatit karane ke atirikt navin vichar v bhavoan ki samriddhi di. pant sada hi atyant sashakt aur oorjavan kavi rahe haian. sumitranandan pant ko mukhyat: prakriti ka kavi mana jane laga. lekin pant vastav mean manav-sauandary aur adhyatmik chetana ke bhi kushal kavi the.
kavy evan sahity ki sadhana
pant phir sangharshoan ke ek lanbe daur se guzare, jisake dauran svayan ko kavy evan sahity ki sadhana mean lagane ke lie unhoanne apani ajivika sunishchit karane ka prayas kiya. bahut pahale hi unhoanne yah samajh liya tha ki unake jivan ka lakshy aur kary yadi koee hai, to vah kavy sadhana hi hai. pant ki bhav-chetana mahakavi rabiandranath thakur, mahatma gaandhi aur shri arabiando ghosh ki rachanaoan se prabhavit huee. sath hi kuchh mitroan ne marksavad ke adhyayan ki or bhi unhean pravrit kiya aur usake vibhinn samajik-arthik pakshoan ko unhoanne gaharaee se dekha v samajha. 1950 mean rediyo vibhag se ju dane se unake jivan mean ek or mo d aya. sat varsh unhoanne hindi chif prodyoosar ke pad par kary kiya aur usake bad sahity salahakar ke roop mean karyarat rahe.
rachanakal
pant ka pallav, jyotsana tatha guanjan ka rachanakal kal (1926-33) unaki sauandary evan kala-sadhana ka kal raha hai. vah mukhyat: bharatiy saanskritik punarjagaran ki adarshavadita se anupranik the. kiantu yugaant (1937) tak ate-ate bahirjivan ke khianchav se unake bhavatmak drishtikon mean parivartan ae. pantaji ki rachanaoan ka kshetr bahuvidh aur bahuayami hai. apaki rachanaoan sa sankshipt parichay is prakar hai-
mahakavy
'lokayatan' kavi pant ka mahakavy hai. kavi ki vicharadhara aur lok-jivan ke prati usaki pratibaddhata is rachana mean abhivyakt huee hai. is par kavi ko soviyat roos tatha uttar pradesh shasan se puraskar prapt hua hai.
kavy-sangrah
'vina', 'pallav' tatha 'guanjan' chhayavadi shaili mean saundary aur prem ki prastuti hai. 'yugant', yugavani' tatha 'gramya' mean pantaji ke pragativadi aur yatharthaparak bhavoan ka prakashan hua hai. 'svarn-kiran', 'svarn-dhooli', 'yugapath', 'uttara', 'atima', tatha 'rajat-rashmi' sangrahoan mean aravind-darshan ka prabhav parilakshit hota hai. inake atirikt 'kala' aur boodha chaand' tatha 'chidambara' bhi apaki sammanit rachanaean haian. pantaji ki antardrishti tatha sanvedanashilata ne jahaan unake bhav-paksh ko gaharaee aur vividhata pradan ki haian, vahian unaki kalpana-prabalata aur abhivyakti-kaushal ne unake kala-paksh ko sanvara hai.
rachanaean
thumb|sumitranandan pant chidanbara 1958 ka prakashan hai. isamean yugavani (1937-38) se atima (1948) tak kavi ki 10 kritiyoan se chuni huee 196 kavitaean sankalit haian. ek lanbi atmakathatmak kavita atmika bhi isamean sammilit hai, jo vani (1957) se li gee hai. chidanbara pant ki kavy chetana ke dvitiy utthan ki parichayak hai. pramukh rachanaean is prakar hai:-
kavitaean-
- vina (1919),
- granthi (1920),
- pallav (1926),
- guanjan (1932),
- yugaant (1937),
- yugavani (1938),
- gramya (1940),
- svarnakiran (1947),
- svarnadhooli (1947),
- yugaantar (1948),
- uttara (1949),
- yugapath (1949),
- chidanbara (1958),
- kala aur boodha chaand (1959),
- lokayatan (1964),
- gitahans (1969).
kahaniyaan-
- paanch kahaniyaan (1938),
- upanyas- har (1960),
- atmakathatmak sansmaran- sath varsh : ek rekhaankan (1963).
bhav paksh
pantaji ke bhav-paksh ka ek pramukh tattv unaka manohari prakriti chitran hai. kausani ki saundaryamayi prakritik chhata ke bich pantaji ne apani bal-kalpanaoan ko roopayit kiya tha. prakriti ke prati unaka sahaj akarshan unaki rachanaoan ke bahut b de bhag ko prabhavit kie hue hai. prakriti ke vividh ayamoan aur bhangimaoan ko ham pant ke kavy mean roopaankit dekhate haian. vah manavi-krita saheli hai, bhavoddipika hai, abhivyakti ka alamban hai aur alankrita prakriti-vadhoo bhi hai. isake atirikt prakriti kavi pant ke lie upadeshika aur darshanik chintan ka adhar bhi bani hai. kavi pant ko samanyataya komal-kant bhavanaoan aur saundary ka kavi samajha jata hai kintu jivan ke yatharthoan se samana hone par kavi mean jivan ke prati yatharthaparak aur darshanik drishtikon ka vikas hota gaya hai. sarvapratham pant marksavadi vicharadhara se prabhavit hue, jisaka prabhav unaki 'yugant', 'yugavani' adi rachanaoan mean parilakshit hota hai. gaandhivad se bhi ap prabhavit dikhate haian. 'lokayatan' mean yah prabhav vidyaman hai. maharshi aravind ki vicharadhara ka bhi ap par gahara prabhav p da. 'git-vihag' rachana isaka udaharan hai. saundary aur ullas ke kavi pant ko jivan ka nirashamay viroop-paksh bhi bhogana p da aur isaki pratikriya 'parivartan' namak rachana mean drishtigat hoti hai-
akhil yauvan ke rang ubhar haddiyoan ke hilate kankal,
kholata idhar janm lochan mooandati udhar mrityu kshan-kshan.
pantaji ke kavy mean manavatavadi drishti ko bhi sammanit sthan prapt hai. vah manaviy pratishtha aur manav-jati ke bhavi vikas mean dridh vishvas rakhate haian. 'drumoan ki chhaya' aur 'prakriti ki maya' ko chho dakar jo pant 'bala ke bal-jal' mean 'lochan ulajhane' ko prastut nahian the, vahi manav ko vidhata ki sundaratam kriti svikar karate haian-
sundar hai vihag suman sundar, manav tum sabase sundaratam.
vah chahate haian ki desh, jati aur vargoan mean vibhajit manushy ki keval ek hi pahachan ho-manav.
kala paksh
bhasha
kavi pant ka bhasha par asadharan adhikar hai. bhav aur vishay ke anukool marmik shabdavali unaki lekhani se sahaj pravahit hoti hai. yadyapi pant ki bhasha ka ek vishisht star hai phir bhi vah vishayanusar parivartit hoti hai.
shaili
pantaji ke kavy mean ekadhik shailiyoan ka prayog hua hai. prakriti-chitran mean bhavatmak, alankarik tatha drishy vidhayani shaili ka prayog hua hai. vichar-pradhan tatha darshanik vishayoan ki shaili vicharatmak evan vishleshanatmak bhi ho gee hai. isake atirikt pratik-shaili ka prayog bhi hua hai. sajiv bimb-vidhan tatha dhvanyatmakata bhi apaki rachana-shaili ki visheshataean haian.
alankaran
pantaji ne paramparagat evan navin, donoan hi prakar ke alankaroan ka bhavyata se prayog kiya hai. bimboan ki maulikata tatha upamanoan ki marmikata hridayaharini hai. roopak, upama, saangaroopak, manavikaran, visheshan-viparyay tatha dhvanyarth-vyanjana ka akarshak prayog apane kiya hai.
chhand
pantaji ne paramparagat chhandoan ke sath-sath navin chhandoan ki bhi rachana ki hai. apane geyata aur dhvani-prabhav par hi bal diya hai, matraoan aur varnoan ke kram tatha sankhya par nahian. prakriti ke chitere tatha chhayavadi kavi ke roop mean pantaji ka sthan nishchay hi vishisht hai. hindi ki lalityapoorn aur sanskarit kh di-boli bhi pantaji ki den hai. pantaji vishv-sahity mean bhi apana sthan bana ge haian.
puraskar
sumitranandan pant ko any puraskaroan ke alava padm bhooshan (1961) aur jnanapith puraskar (1968) se sammanit kiya gaya. kala aur boodha chaand ke lie sahity akadami puraskar, lokayatan par 'soviyat laiand neharu puraskar' evan chidanbara par inhean bharatiy jnanapith puraskar prapt hua.
mrityu
[[chitr:Pant malyarpan.jpg|left|thumb|250px|rajakiy sangrahalay kausani mean sthapit mahakavi ki moorti]] right|thumb|250px|mahakavi ki smritiyoan ko sanjota rajakiy sangrahalay kausani chay bagan ke vyavasthapak ke parivar mean janme mahakavi sumitranandan pant ki mrityu 28 disambar, 1977 ko ilahabad, uttar pradesh mean ho gayi thi. uttarakhand rajy ke kausani mean mahakavi ki janm sthali ko sarakari taur par adhigrahit kar unake nam par ek rajakiy sangrahalay banaya gaya hai jisaki dekharekh ek sthaniy vyakti karata hai. is sthal ke pravesh dvar se lage bhavan ki chhat par mahakavi ki moorti sthapit hai. varsh 1990 mean sthapit is moorti ka ka anavaran vayovriddh sahityakar tatha itihasavetta pandit nityanaand mishr dvara unake janm divas 20 mee ko kiya gaya tha. mahakavi sumitranandan pant ka paitrak gram yahaan se kuchh hi doori par hai parantu vah aj bhi anajana tatha tiraskrit hai. sangrahalay mean mahakavi dvara upayog mean layi gayi dainik vastuyean yatha shal, dipak, pustakoan ki alamari tatha mahakavi ko samarpit kuchh aik samman-patr evan pustakean tatha hastalipi surakshit haian.
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sanbandhit lekh
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