गोलमेज़ सम्मेलन
[[chitr:Second-Round-Table-Conference.jpg|thumb|250px|landan mean golamej sammelan]] golamej sammelan 1930 se 1932 ee. ke bich landan mean ayojit hua. is sammelan ka ayojan tatkalin vaisaray lard irvin ki 31 agast, 1929 ee. ki ghoshana ke adhar par hua tha. is sammelan mean lard irvin ne saiman kamishan ki riport prakashit ho jane ke uparant bharat ke naye sanvidhan ki rachana ke lie landan mean 'golamej sammelan' ka prastav rakha.
sammelan ka ayojan
saiman kamishan ke sabhi sadasy aangrez the, jisase bharatiyoan mean tivr asantosh utpann ho gaya. isi asantosh ko door karane ke abhipray se is sammelan ka ayojan kiya gaya tha. 1929 ee. mean bharatiy rashtriy kaangres ke lahaur adhiveshan mean pandit javahar lal neharoo ne adhyaksh pad se spasht ghoshana ki thi ki bharatavasiyoan ka lakshy poorn svatantrata hai aur kaangres ka golamej sammelan mean bhag lena vyarth hoga. 6 aprail, 1930 ee. ko mahatma gaandhi ne savinay avajna aandolan arambh kiya aur usake ek mas ke uparant hi saiman kamishan ki riport prakashit huee. bharat sarakar ne aaurdineans raj lagoo karake kathor damananiti ka ashray liya aur mahatma gaandhi sahit kaangres ke sabhi netaoan ko jel mean band kar diya. isase yadyapi aandolan prakat roop mean to shant ho gaya lekin apratyaksh roop se usaki agni sulagati hi rahi. nirantar badhate hue asantosh ko door karane ke lie hi navambar, 1931 ee. mean landan mean golamej sammelan ka ayojan hua. jisamean bharat aur ianglaind ke sabhi rajanitik daloan ke pratinidhiyoan ko amantrit kiya gaya. is sammelan ki adhyakshata ianglaind ke tatkalin pradhanamantri raimze maikdonald ne ki aur usake tin adhiveshan kramash: 16 navambar 1930 se 29 janavari 1931 ee. tak, 2 sitambar se 2 disambar 1931 tak tatha 17 navambar se 24 disambar 1932 ee. tak hue.
pratham adhiveshan
pratham adhiveshan mean bharatiy rashtriy kaangres ne apana koee pratinidhi nahian bheja tha. is adhiveshan se itana labh hua ki british sarakar ne is pratibandh ke sath kendr aur prantoan ki vidhanasabhaoan ko shasan sambandhi uttaradayitv sauanpana svikar kar liya ki kendriy vidhanamandal ka gathan british bharat tatha deshi rajyoan ke sambandh ke adhar par ho.
dvitiy adhiveshan
dvitiy adhiveshan mean mahatma gaandhi ne kaangres ke ekamatr pratinidhi banakar bhag liya. isamean mukhy roop se sampradayik pratinidhitv ke adhar par sitoan ke bantavare ke jatil prashn par vichar-vinimay hota raha. kintu is prashn par paraspar mataiky n ho saka, kyoanki musalaman pratinidhiyoan ko aisa vishvas ho gaya tha ki hinduoan se samajhauta karane ki apeksha aangrezoan se unhean adhik sitean prapt ho sakeangi. is gatirodh ka labh uthakar pradhanamantri raimze maikadonald ne sampradayik nirnay ki ghoshana ki, jisamean keval many alpasakhyakoan ko hi nahian, balki hinduoan ke dalit varg ko bhi alag pratinidhitv dene ki vyavastha thi. mahatma gaandhi ne isaka tivr virodh kiya aur amaran anashan arambh kar diya, jisake phalasvaroop kaangres aur british sarakar mean ek samajhauta hua, jo ki 'poona samajhauta' ke nam se vikhyat hai. yadyapi is samajhaute se sampradayik pratinidhitv ki samasya ka koee santoshajanak samadhan n hua, tathapi isase achchha koee doosara hal n milane ke karan sabhi daloan ne ise man liya.
tritiy adhiveshan
golamej sammelan ke tisare adhiveshan mean bharatiy sanvaidhanik pragati ke kuchh siddhantoan par sabhi log sahamat ho ge. jinhean ek shvetapatr ke roop mean british sansad ke donoan sadanoan ki sanyukt pravar samiti ke sammukh rakha gaya. yahi shvetapatr age chalakar 1933 ee. ke 'gavarnameant aauf iandiya ekt' (bharatiy shasan vidhan) ka adhar bana.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bharatiy itihas kosh |lekhak: sachchidanand bhattachary |prakashak: uttar pradesh hindi sansthan |prishth sankhya: 136 |
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sanbandhit lekh
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