चौधरी चरण सिंह
thumb|chaudhari charan sianh chaudhari charan sianh svatantr bharat ke paanchavean pradhanamantri ke roop mean 28 julaee, 1979 ko pad par asin hue. (janm- 23 disambar, 1902 uttar pradesh, mrityu- 29 mee, 1987) moraraji desaee ki sarakar ke patan mean inaki mahattvapoorn bhoomika thi. yah samajavadi partiyoan tatha kaangres (o) ke sahayog se desh ke pradhanamantri bane. inhean kaangres (aee) aur si. pi. aee. ne bahar se samarthan diya, lekin ve inaki sarakar mean sammilit nahian hue. charan sianh kisanoan ki avaz buland karane vale prakhar neta mane jate the.
janm evan parivar
chaudhari charan sianh ka janm 23 disambar, 1902 ko uttar pradesh ke merath zile ke noorapur gram mean ek madhyam vargiy krishak parivar mean hua tha. inaka parivar jat prishthabhoomi vala tha. inake purakhe maharaja nahar sianh ne 1887 ki pratham kranti mean vishesh yogadan diya tha. maharaja nahar sianh vallabhagadh ke nivasi the, jo ki vartaman mean hariyana mean ata hai. maharaja nahar sianh ko dilli ke chaandani chauk mean british hukoomat ne faansi par chadha diya tha. tab aangrezoan ke khilaf kranti ki jvala ko akshunn banae rakhane ke lie maharaja nahar sianh ke samarthak aur chaudhari charan sianh ke dadaji uttar pradesh ke bulandashahar zile ke poorvavarti kshetr mean nishkraman kar ge.
vidyarthi jivan
chaudhari charan sianh ko parivar mean shaikshanik vatavaran prapt hua tha. svayan inaka bhi shiksha ke prati atirikt rujhan raha. chaudhari charan sianh ke pita chaudhari mir sianh chahate the ki unaka putr shikshit hokar desh seva ka kary kare. chaudhari charan sianh ki prathamik shiksha noorapur gram mean hi poorn huee, jabaki maitrikuleshan ke lie inhean merath ke sarakari uchch vidyalay mean bhej diya gaya. 1923 mean 21 varsh ki ayu mean inhoanne vijnan vishay mean snatak ki upadhi prapt kar li. do varsh ke pashchath 1925 mean chaudhari charan sianh ne kala snatakottar ki pariksha uttirn ki. phir vidhi ki pariksha uttirn karane ke bad unhoanne gaziyabad mean vaqalat karana arambh kar diya.
dampaty jivan
1929 mean chaudhari charan sianh merath a ge. merath ane ke bad inaki shadi jat parivar ki beti gayatri ke sath sampann huee. gayatri devi ka parivar rohatak zile ke gadhi gram mean rahata tha. yah vah samay tha jab desh mean svadhinata sangram tivr gati pak d chuka tha. charan sianh svayan ko desh ki pukar se alag nahian rakh pae. inhoanne vaqalat ko tyagakar andolan mean bhag lene ka man bana liya. us samay kaangres ek bahut b di parti thi. charan sianh bhi kaangres ke sadasy ban ge. kaangres mean unaki chhavi ek kushal karyakarta ke roop mean sthapit huee. 1937 ke vidhanasabha chunav mean inhean saphalata prapt huee aur yah chhatravali vidhanasabha kshetr se nirvachit hue.
rajanitik jivan
ek bar rajaniti se ju dane ke bad chaudhari charan sianh ka isase kabhi mohabhang nahian hua. un dinoan sushikshit logoan ki kami nahian thi, jo desh seva ke lie kaangres se ju d rahe the. unhoanne chhatravali vidhanasabha sit se 9 varsh (arthath 1946) tak kshetriy janata ka kushalatapoorvak pratinidhitv kiya. desh ki azadi ke bad vah rashtriy star ke neta to nahian ban sake, lekin rajy vidhanasabha mean unaka prabhav spasht mahasoos kiya jata tha. azadi ke bad 1952, 1962 aur 1967 mean hue chunavoan mean chaudhari charan sianh rajy vidhanasabha ke lie pun: chune ge. inaki yogyata se parti ka shirsh netritv bhi prabhavit raha. isake phalasvaroop pandit govind vallabh pant ki sarakar mean inhean 'parliyameantari sekretariship' bhi prapt huee. sansadiy sachiv ki bhoomika mean inhoanne rajasv, nyay, soochana, chikitsa evan svasthy adi vibhagoan ke dayitvoan ka nirvahan poori nishtha ke sath kiya. chaudhari charan sianh ka rajanitik bhavishy 1951 mean banana arambh ho gaya tha, jab inhean uttar pradesh mean kaibinet mantri ka pad prapt hua. unhoanne nyay evan soochana vibhag sambhala. 1952 mean d aauktar sampoornanand ke mukhyamantritv kal mean unhean rajasv tatha krishi vibhag ka dayitv mila. vah zamin se ju de neta the aur krishi vibhag unhean vishisht roop se pasand tha. charan sianh svabhav se bhi krishak the. vah krishak hitoan ke lie anavarat prayas karate rahe. 1960 mean chandrabhanu gupta ki sarakar mean unhean grih tatha krishi mantralay diya gaya. vah uttar pradesh ki janata ke madhy atyant lokapriy the. isilie pradesh sarakar mean yogyata evan anubhav ke karan unhean ooancha muqam hasil hua.
samajik karyakarta
uttar pradesh ke kisan charan sianh ko apana masiha manane lage the. unhoanne krishakoan ke kalyan ke lie kafi kary kie. samast uttar pradesh mean bhraman karate hue krishakoan ki samasyaoan ka samadhan karane ka prayas kiya. uttar pradesh ke gramin ilaqoan mean krishi mukhy vyavasay tha. krishakoan mean samman hone ke karan inhean kisi bhi chunav mean har ka mukh nahian dekhana p da. us samay tak uttar pradesh ki sianchaee vyavastha mean sudhar ki bahut kafi avashyakata thi, is karan charan sianh krishi ke star ko bahut zyada unnat nahian kar pae. phir bhi unaka samarpan asandigdh tha. unaki eemanadarana koshishoan ki sadaiv sarahana huee. vah logoan ke lie ek rajanitijn se zyada samajik karyakarta the. unhean vaktritv kala mean bhi maharat hasil thi. yahi karan hai ki unaki janasabhaoan mean bhari bhi d juta karati thi. log unhean sunane ko lalayit rahate the. phir 1966 mean sucheta kripalani ki sarakar mean unhean mantri pad to prapt ho gaya lekin kam mahattvapoorn vibhag mile. 1969 mean kaangres ka vighatan ho gaya. chaudhari charan sianh kaangres (o) ke sath ju d ge. inaki nishtha kaangres siandiket ke prati rahi. phir vah kaangres (o) ke samarthan se uttar pradesh ke mukhyamantri nirvachit ho ge, lekin bahut samay tak mukhyamantri pad par nahian rahe. thumb|200px|chaudhari charan sianh stamp
hadabandi qanoon
kaangres ke vibhajan ka prabhav uttar pradesh rajy ki kaangres par bhi p da. kendriy star ka vibhajan rajy star par bhi lagoo hua. kaangrasi neta apani-apani nishtha ke anusar iandira kaangres aur siandiket kaangres ke sath ju d ge. chooanki chaudhari charan sianh iandira gaandhi ke sahaj virodhi the, is karan vah kaangres (o) ke kripapatr ban ge. jis samay iandira gaandhi desh ki pradhanamantri thian, us samay bhi uttar pradesh sansadiy sitoan ke mamale mean b da aur mahattvapoorn rajy tha. phir yah iandira gaandhi ka grih pradesh bhi tha. is karan unhean yah svikar nahian tha ki kaangres (o) ka koee vyakti uttar pradesh mean mukhyamantri rahe. at: shrimati iandira gaandhi ne 2 aktoobar, 1970 ko uttar pradesh mean rashtrapati shasan lagoo kar diya. chaudhari charan sianh ka mukhyamantritv jata raha. isase iandira gaandhi ke prati chaudhari charan sianh ka rosh aur durbhavana dvigunit ho gee. lekin uttar pradesh ki zamini rajaniti se charan sianh ko bedakhal karana sambhav nahian tha. vah uttar pradesh mean bhoomi sudhar ke lie agrani purush mane jate the. 1939 mean krishakoan ke qarj mukti vidheyak ko parit karane mean charan sianh ki nirnayak bhoomika thi. 1960 mean unhoanne bhoomi hadabandi qanoon ko lagoo karane mean bhi mahattvapoorn bhoomika nibhaee thi.
chaudhari charan sianh ki vyaktigat chhavi ek aise dehati purush ki thi jo sada jivan aur uchch vichar mean vishvas rakhata tha. is karan inaka pahanava ek kisan ki sadagi ko pratibimbit karata tha. ek prashasak ke taur par unhean behad siddhantavadi aur anushasanapriy mana jata tha. vah sarakari adhikariyoan ki lal fitashahi aur bhrashtachar ka prabal virodhi the. charan sianh samajik nyay ke poshak aur lok seva bhavana se ot-prot rahe. charan sianh ek rajanitijn the aur pratyek rajanitijn ki yah svabhavik ichchha hoti hai ki vah rajaniti ke shirsh par pahuanche. isamean kuchh bhi anaitik nahian tha. charan sianh achchhe vakta the aur behatarin saansad bhi. vah jis kary ko karane ka man bana lete the, phir use poora karake hi rahate the.
pradhanamantri pad par
1977 mean chunav ke bad jab kendr mean janata parti satta mean aee to kiang mekar jayaprakash narayan ke sahayog se moraraji desaee pradhanamantri bane aur charan sianh ko desh ka grih mantri banaya gaya. isi ke bad moraraji desaee aur charan sianh ke matabhed khulakar samane ae. moraraji desaee ne jab chaudhari charan sianh ko bhav dena band kar diya to unhoanne bagavat kar di. is prakar 28 julaee, 1979 ko chaudhari charan sianh samajavadi partiyoan tatha kaangres (yoo) ke sahayog se pradhanamantri banane mean saphal hue. kaangres (aee) aur si. pi. aee. ne inhean bahar se samarthan pradan kiya. yah to spasht hai ki yadi iandira gaandhi ka samarthan chaudhari charan sianh ko n prapt hota to vah kisi bhi sthiti mean pradhanamantri nahian ban sakate the. rajaniti ki visheshata hai ki isamean sthayi mitrata evan sthayi shatruta ka sthan nahian hota. virodhi log bhi mitr ban jate haian aur mitr log virodhi. rajaniti ki yah visheshata is kal mean khas taur par dekhi ja sakati thi. kabhi moraraji desaee aur chaudhari charan sianh janata dal ke stambh the tatha param mitr bhi.
rajanitik bhool
yah charan sianh ki rajanitik bhool thi ki jisake karan unhoanne iandira gaandhi par vishvas kiya. phir rajanitik vishvasaghat ki jis zamin par unhoanne moraraji desaee ko chit kiya tha, vah zamin unhean bhi nahian bakhshane vali thi. is prakar ek sidha kisan neta apani rajanitik mahattvakaanksha ke karan iandira gaandhi ki samarthan niti ke jal mean phans gaya. iandira gaandhi janati thian ki moraraji desaee aur chaudhari charan sianh ke rishte kharab ho chuke haian. yadi charan sianh ko samarthan dene ki bat kahakar bagavat ke lie mana liya jae to janata parti mean bikharav arambh ho jaega. at: iandira gaandhi ne chaudhari charan sianh ki pradhanamantri banane ki bhavana ko hava di. charan sianh ne iandira gaandhi ki bat man li. vah 28 julaee 1979 ko pradhanamantri bane. lekin rashtrapati nilam sanjiv reddi ne yah spasht kah diya ki vah lokasabha mean apana bahumat 20 agast, 1979 tak siddh karean. is prakar vishvas mat prapt karane ke lie unhean matr 13 din hi mile the. lekin iandira gaandhi ne 19 agast, 1979 ko bina batae samarthan vapas lie jane ki ghoshana kar di. ab yah prashn nahian tha ki chaudhari sahab kisi bhi prakar se vishvas mat prapt kar leange. vah janate the ki vishvas mat prapt karana asambhav tha. yahaan par yah batana prasangik hoga ki iandira gaandhi ne samarthan ke lie shart lagaee thi. usake anusar janata parti sarakar ne iandira gaandhi ke viruddh jo muqadamean qayam kie haian, unhean vapas le liya jae. lekin chaudhari sahab isake lie taiyar nahian hue the.
is prakar ki galat saudebazi karana charan sianh ko qabool nahian tha. isilie unhoanne pradhanamantri ki kursi ganvana bardasht kar liya. vah janate the ki unhoanne eemanadar neta aur siddhantavadi vyakti ki chhavi bana rakhi hai, vah sadaiv ke lie khandit ho jaegi. at: sansad ka ek bar bhi samana kie bina chaudhari charan sianh ne pradhanamantri pad ka tyag kar diya. pradhanamantri pad se tyagapatr dene ke sath-sath chaudhari charan sianh ne rashtrapati nilam sanjiv reddi se madhyavadhi chunav ki sifarish bhi ki taki kisi any dvara pradhanamantri ka dava n kiya ja sake. rashtrapati ne inaki anushansa par lokasabha bhang kar di. chaudhari charan sianh ko lagata tha ki iandira gaandhi ki bhaanti janata parti bhi alokapriy ho chuki hai. at: vah apani lokadal parti aur samajavadiyoan se yah ummid laga baithe ki madhyavadhi chunav mean unhean bahumat prapt ho jaega. isake alava charan sianh ko yah asha bhi thi ki unake dvara tyagapatr die jane ke karan janata ko unase nishchay hi sahanubhooti hogi. unhean uttar pradesh ki janata se kafi ummid thi. kisanoan mean unaki jo lokapriyata thi, vah asandigdh thi. vah madhyavadhi chunav mean 'kisan raja' ke chunavi nare ke sath mean utare. tab karyavahak pradhanamantri chaudhari charan sianh hi the, jab madhyavadhi chunav sampann hue. vah 14 janavari, 1980 tak hi bharat ke pradhanamantri rahe. is prakar unaka karyakal lagabhag nau mah ka raha.
samagr vishleshan
chaudhari charan sianh rajaniti mean svachchh chhavi rakhane vale iansan the. vah apane samakalin logoan ke saman gaandhivadi vicharadhara mean yaqin rakhate the. svatantrata prapti ke bad gaandhi topi ko kee b de netaoan ne tyag diya tha lekin chaudhari charan sianh ne ise jivan paryant dharan kie rakha. bahut kam logoan ko is bat ki janakari hogi ki charan sianh ek kushal lekhak ki atma bhi rakhate the. unaka aangrezi bhasha par achchha adhikar tha. unhoanne 'ab aaulishan aauf zamidari', 'lijend proparaitaraship' aur 'iandiyas p aauvarti end its solyooshans' namak pustakoan ka lekhan bhi kiya. janavari 1980 mean iandira gaandhi ka puragaman charan sianh ki rajanitik vidaee ka mahattvapoorn karan bana, yadyavi vah graminoan ke paramarshadata banakar lok kalyan karate rahe.
mrityu
lok kalyan ke dauran umr bhi apana asar dikhane lagi thi. antat: unaki jivan yatra ka rath 29 mee, 1987 ko tham gaya. 84 varsh se adhik umr pane vala vah kisan neta mrityu ke agosh mean chala gaya. charan sianh se rajanitik galatiyaan ho sakati haian lekin charitrik roop se unhoanne kabhi koee galati nahian ki. vah gaandhivadi vicharadhara ke sath hi ant tak apana jivan nirvah karate rahe. unamean desh ke prati vafadari ka bhav tha. vah krishakoan ke sachche shubhachintak the. itihas mean inaka nam pradhanamantri se zyada ek kisan neta ke roop mean jana jaega.
|
|
|
|
|
|
