झारखण्ड
jharakhand
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| rajadhani | raanchi |
| rajabhasha(ean) | hindi bhasha, santhali bhasha, maithili bhasha, bhojapuri bhasha |
| sthapana | 15 navanbar, 2000 |
| janasankhya | 2,69,09,428[1] |
| · ghanatv | 338[2] /varg kimi |
| kshetraphal | 79,714 varg kimi |
| bhaugolik nirdeshaank | 23°21′N 85°20′E |
| zile | 24 [2] |
| sabase b da nagar | jamashedapur |
| mukhy paryatan sthal | jamashedapur, bokaro, raanchi, sahibaganj |
| liang anupat | 1000:941 ♂/♀ |
| saksharata | 54.13% |
| · stri | 39.38% |
| · purush | 69.74% |
| rajyapal | em. o. ech. pharuk[2] |
| mukhyamantri | arjun muanda[2] |
| bahari k diyaan | adhikarik vebasait |
jharakhand ka shabdik arth hai "van ka kshetr". jharakhand ghane vanoan se bhara chhota nagapur pathar par basa hai jo ganga ke maidani bhag ke dakshin mean hai. mana jata hai ki jharakhand shabd ka prayog lagabhag char sau varsh pahale solahavian shatabdi mean hua. apane brihat aur mool arth mean 'jharakhand' purane bihar ke zyadatar dakshini hisse aur chhattisagadh, pashchim bangal aur u disa ke kuchh adivasi zile shamil haian. jharakhand mean bharat ki lagabhag nabbe pratishat anusoochit janajati ka nivas sthal hai. sanpoorn bharat mean vanoan ke anupat mean yah pradesh ek agrani rajy mana jata hai tatha vanyajivoan ke sanrakshan ke liye mashahoor hai.
thumb|250px|left|jharakhand ka ek drishy
A View Of Jharkhand
itihas aur bhoogol
15 nanvabar, 2000 ko bharat sangh ke 28vean rajy ke roop mean jharakhand rajy ka nirman hua. jharakhand adivasiyoan ki grihabhoomi hai. ek prachin katha se jnat hota ki u disa ke raja jayasianh dev ne terahavian shatabdi mean khud ko jharakhand ka shasak ghoshit kar apana shasan lagoo kar diya tha. jharakhand mean mukhy roop se chhota nagapur pathar aur santhal paragana ke van kshetr shamil haian. yahaan ki apani vishisht saanskritik paranparaean haian. svatantrata prapti ke bad 'jharakhand mukti morcha' ne niyamit aandolan kiya, jisake karan se sarakar ne 1995 mean 'jharakhand kshetr parishad' ki sthapana ki aur isake pashchat yah rajy poornat: astitv mean aya.
bhaugolik sthiti
jharakhand ke poorv mean pashchim bangal, pashchim mean uttar pradesh aur chhttisagadh, uttar mean bihar tatha dakshin mean u disa se ghira hua hai. audyogik nagari raanchi isaki rajadhani hai. is pradesh ke any b de shaharoan mean dhanabad, bokaro evan jamashedapur shamil haian.
arthavyavastha
krishi aur krishi sambandhit gatividhiyaan jharakhand ki arthavyavastha ka mukhy adhar haian. krishi yogy bhoomi ka kshetraphal keval 38 lakh hekteyar hai. jharakhand rajy ke 79,714 varg ki.mi. kshetr mean se 18,423 varg kilomitar kshetr mean van haian.
krishi
jharakhand rajy ke 79,714 varg ki.mi. kshetr mean se 18,423 varg ki.mi. kshetr mean van haian. krishi aur krishi sambandhit gatividhiyaan jharakhand ki arthavyavastha ka mukhy adhar haian. krishi yogy bhoomi ka kshetraphal keval 38 lakh hekteyar hai.
sianchaee aur bijali
damodar, mayoorakshi, barakar, uttari koyel, dakshini koyel, sankh, suvarnarekha, kharakee aur ajay yahaan ki pramukh nadiyaan haian aur rajy ke jal ka pramukh strot hai. rajy mean kul buvaee ka kshetr 1.57 lakh hekteyar hai jisamean se 8 pratishat kshetr mean hi sianchaee ki suvidha upalabdh ho pati hai.
[[chitr:Bokaro-Steel-Plant.jpg|bokaro stil plaant
Bokaro Stee Plant|thumb|250px|left]]
jharakhand mean sthapit vidyut kshamata 2,590 megavat hai. jisake strot haian- 420 megavat (tenughat tap bijalighar) se, 840 megavat (pataratoo tap panabijalighar) se, 130 (sikkidri bijali pariyojana) se aur 1,200 megavat (damodar ghati nigam tap / panabijali pariyojana)se. tap v panabijali par adharit vibhinn bijaligharoan ki kshamata 4,736 megavat ki ja sakati hai jisamean 686 panabijali utpadan shamil hai.
udyog aur khanij
jharakhand ke kuchh bade udyog haian:
- sarvajanik kshetr ka bokaro stil plaant,
- jamashedapur mean niji kshetr ki tata ayaran eand stil kanpani (tisko).
- any pramukh udyog haian: tata ianjiniyariang eand lokomotiv kanpani (telko),
- timaken iandiya limited (jamashedapur),
- bharat kukiang limited (dhanabad),
- khiladi simeant phaiktari (palamoo),
- iandiyan ailyoominiyam (muri),
- e si si simeant (chaibasar),
- seantral kolaphijds limited (raanchi),
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- usha martin, usha bailtran, yooreniyam karaporeshan (ian) limited (jadoogoda),
- hiandustan k aaupar limited (musabani),
- tin plet kanpani aauph iandiya limited (jamashedapur),
- iandiyan eksaplosiv limited (gomiya) aur
- hiandalako b aauksait (loharadaga), adi.
- jharakhand rajy khanij sansadhanoan mean desh ka samriddhatam rajy hai. yahaan upalabdh pramukh khanij haian- koyala, kachcha loha choona patthar, khanij taanba, b aauksait, chini mitti, kainait chikani mitti, dolomait, grephait, baiantonait, sabun patthar billauri ret aur silika baloo.
- is navagathit rajy mean sianhabhoom, bokaro, hazaribag, raanchi, kodarama aur dhanabad mean koyala, abhrak aur any khanijoan ke dohan ki apar kshamataean haian.
parivahan
- rajy mean sadakoan ki kul lanbaee 4,311 kilomitar hai. isamean 1,500 kilomitar rashtriy rajamarg aur 2,711 kilomitar praantiy rajamarg haian.
- rajy mean vikasit relave pranali hai. raanchi, bokaro, dhanabad, jamashedapur kuchh pramukh relave steshan haian.
- viman seva se raanchi, dilli, patana aur muanbee se ju da hai. jamashedapur, bokaro, giridih, devaghar, hazaribag, daltanaganj aur noamuandi mean havaee pattiyaan haian.
shiksha
jharakhand mean saksharata dar 1991 ke 41.39 pratishat ki tulana mean 54.13 pratishat ho gee hai. yahaan 21,386 vidyalay aur paanch vishvavidyalay haian. isake alava yahaan iandiyan skool aauf maians, jana- mana vyapar evan prabandhan sansthan, zeviyar lebar rileshans ianstityoot aur keandriy khanan shodh sansthan jaise shaikshanik v shodh sansthan sthit haian. jamashedapur sthit iando- dainish tool room (aee. di. ti. ar.), raanchi sthit dizain devalepameant aiand treniang seantar aur men tool room audyogik kriyakalapoan ko kalapurzo v prashikshan suvidhaean upalabdh karane mean mahattvapoorn bhoomika nibha rahe haian.
- jharakhand ki shiksha sansthaoan mean kuchh atyant pramukh shiksha sansthan shamil haian.
- janajatiy pradesh hone ke bavazood yahaan kee nami sarakari evan niji k aaulej haian jo kala, vijnan, abhiyaantriki, medisin, kanoon aur mainejameant mean uchch star ki shiksha dene ke liye vikhyat haian .
- shikshan sansthan
- raanchi vishvavavidyalay raanchi,
- siddhoo kanhoo vishvavidyalay dumaka,
- vinoba bhave vishvavidyalay hazaribag,
- birasa krishi vishvavidyalay raanchi,
- birala praudyogiki sansthan mesara raanchi.
- any sansthan
- rashtriy dhatukarm prayogashala jamashedapur,
- rashtriy khanan shodh sansthan dhanabad,
- bharatiy lah shodh sansthan raanchi,
- rashtriy manochikatsa sansthan raanchi,
- jeviyar prabandhan sansthan.
saanskritik jivan
jharakhand ke saanskritik kshetr apane-apane bhashaee kshetroan se ju de haian. hindi, santhali, muanda, ho, kudukh, maithili, malto, kuramali, khoratha aur urdoo bhashaean yahaan par boli jati hai. bhojapuri boli ka likhit sahity n hone ke bavajood isaka ullekhaniy maukhik lok sahity hai. magahi ki bhi samriddh lok parampara hai.
adhikaansh janajatiy gaanvoan mean ek nrityasthali hoti hai. pika, chhu, jadur, karama, nachani, natua, agni, chhokara, santhal, jamada, ghatavari, mahata, sohari, luriseri yahaan ke lokanrity haian. pratyek gaanv ka apana pavitr vriksh (sarana) hota hai, jahaan gaanv ke pujari dvara pooja arpit ki jati hai. isake alava avivahitoan ka shayanagar bhi hota hai. saptahik hat janajatiy arthavyavastha mean mahatvapoorn bhoomika nibhati hai. janajatiy tyohar (jaise sarahul), vasantotsav (sohari) aur shitotsav (magh parab) ullas ke avasar haian. janajatiy sanskriti bahari prabhavoan, jaise eesaeeyat, audyogikikaran, ne sanchar samparkoan, janajatiy kalyan karyakramoan aur samudayik vikas pariyojanaoan chalate tezi se badal rahi hai.
yahaan dharmik aur saanskritik mahattv ke anek sthan haian. jamashedapur mean dimana jhil aur dalama vany abhayarany haian. prasiddh vrindavan udyan ki pratikriti jubali park, jamashedapur ke 225 ek d ke kshetr mean phaila hai. netarahat rajy ke prasiddh lokapriy paryatan sairagahoan mean se ek hai. pavitr nagar devaghar apane vaidyanath mandir ke lie vikhyat hai. vibhinn hindoo tyoharoan mean holi v chhath (mukhyat: mahilaoan dvara soory poojan) shamil haian.
paryatan sthal
[[chitr:Vaidyanath-Temple.jpg|vaidyanath mandir, devaghar
Vaidyanath Temple, Deogarh|thumb|250px]]
rajy mean anek manoram sthal haian. ye haian-
- ichagadh pakshi vihar,
- uddhav pakshi vihar- sahibaganj (pathara jhil),
- chacharo magaramachchh palan keandr kodarama (tilaya baandh),
- chandrapur pakshi vihar,
- javaharalal nrharoo chidiyaghar (bokaro),
- tenughat pakshi vihar, dalama vanyajiv abhayarany (jamashedapur),
[[chitr:Coal-Mine-Dhanbad-Jharkhand.jpg|thumb|250px|koyale ki khan, dhanabad
Coa Mine, Dhanbad]]
- tata stil chidiyaghar (jamashedapur),
- palakot vanyajiv abhayarany (gumala),
- bhagavan birasa chidiyaghar (raanchi),
- birasa hiran abhayarany (kalamati raanchi),
- betala rashtriy udyan (palamoo),
- raanchi matsy keandr (raanchi),
- hazaribag rashtriy udyan,
- tatoloee garm pani jharana (dumaka) aur
[[chitr:Dimna-Lake-Jamshedpur.jpg|thumb|250px|dimana jhil, jamashedapur
Dimna Lake, Jamshedpur]]
- saranda van.
- jharakhand mean kuchh mashahoor mandir bhi haian-
- jharakhand dham,
- laganta baba mandir/majar,
- biandhyavasini mandir,
- masanajor dham adi.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh |
