पश्चिम बंगाल

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pashchim bangal
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rajadhani	kolakata
rajabhasha(ean)	baangla bhasha, hindi bhasha, aangrezi bhasha
sthapana	1 mee, 1960
janasankhya	8,01,76,197
· ghanatv	903 /varg kimi
kshetraphal	88,752 varg kimi
bhaugolik nirdeshaank	22.5697°N 88.3697°E
zile	19
liang anupat	1000:934 ♂/♀
saksharata	68.64 %
· stri	59.61%
· purush	77.20%
rajyapal	em.ke. narayanan
mukhyamantri	mamata banarji
bahari k diyaan	adhikarik vebasait
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• pashchim bangal ki sthapana 1 mee, 1960 ko huee.
• pashchim bangal ki rajadhani kolakata hai.
• kriket tatha phutab aaul yahaan ke lokapriyatam kheloan mean se haian.
• mohan bagan evan eest bangal jaisi tim isi pradesh se haian.
• nrity, sangit tatha chalachitroan ki yahaan lambi tatha suvyavasthit parampara rahi hai.
• bankim chandr, bhoodev mukhopadhyay aur svami vivekanand jaise maulik samajik chiantakoan ki bhoomi hai.
• pashchim bangal mean bhadoo bagdi nam ki ek vanavasi jati payi jati hai.

bhoogol

pashchim bangal rajh‍y ke poorv mean baangladesh, pashchim mean nepal, uttar-poorv mean bhootan, uttar mean sikkim, pashchim mean bihar, jharakhand, dakshin-pashchim mean u disa tatha dakshin mean bangal ki kha di hai. pashchim bangal rajy mean bharat ke hugali nadi par kolakata se 22 mil uttar chaubis paragana zile mean neehati nagar sthit hai.

kshetraphal

pashchim bangal ka kshetraphal 88,752 varg kilomitar hai.

itihas

bharat ke pragaitihasik kal ke itihas mean bangal ka vishishh‍t sh‍than hai. sikandar ke akraman ke samay bangal mean 'gangaridayi' namak samrajh‍y tha. guph‍t tatha maury samratoan ka bangal par vishesh prabhav nahian pada. bad mean 'shashaank' bangal pradesh ka naresh bana. aisa kaha jata hai ki usane satavian shatabh‍di ke poorvarddh mean uttar-poorvi bharat mean mahath‍vapoorn bhoomika nibhaee. [[chitr:Victoria-Memorial-Kolkata-4.jpg|thumb|250px|left|viktoriya memoriyal, kolakata
Victoria Memorial, Kolkata]] usake bad 'gopal' ne sath‍ta sanbhali aur pal rajavansh ki sh‍thapana ki. pal shasakoan ne vishal samrajh‍y ka nirman kiya aur lagabhag char shatabdiyoan tak rajh‍y kiya. pal shasakoan ke bad bangal par sen rajavansh ka adhikar hua, jinhean bad mean dilli ke muslim shasakoan ne parash‍t kiya. solahavian shatabh‍di mean mugal kal se pahale hi bangal par anek muslim rajaoan aur sultanoan ne shasan kiya. ikhtiyaruddin muhammad bangal ka pahala musalaman vijeta tha.

mugaloan ke pashh‍chat adhunik bangal ka itihas yooropiy tatha aangrezi vh‍yaparik kanpaniyoan ke agaman se aranbh hota hai. san 1757 mean plasi ka yuddh ne itihas ki dhara ko mo d diya jab aangrezoan ne pahali bar bangal aur bharat mean apane paanv jamae. san 1905 mean rajanitik labh ke lie aangrezoan ne bangal ka vibhajan kar diya lekin kaangres ke netrith‍v mean logoan ke badhate hue akrosh ko dekhate hue 1911 mean bangal ko phir se ek kar diya gaya. isase sh‍vatantrata aandolan ki jh‍vala aur teji se bh dak uthi, jisaka patakshep 1947 mean desh ki azadi aur vibhajan ke sath hua.

1947 ke bad deshi riyasatoan ke vilay ka kam prarambh hua aur rajh‍y punargathan adhiniyam, 1956 ki sipharishoan ke anusar p dosi rajh‍yoan ke kuchh baangh‍labhashi kshetroan ka pashchim bangal mean vilay kar diya gaya.

janasankhya

2001 ki janaganana ke anusar pashchim bangal ki janasankhya 80,176,197 hai.

bhasha

dekhean:bharat ek jhalak

telangana aandhr pradesh arunachal pradesh asam bihar chhattisagadh rashtriy rajadhani kshetr dilli gova gujarat hariyana himachal pradesh jammoo aur kashmir jharakhand karnatak keral madhy pradesh maharashtr manipur meghalay mizoram nagalaiand u disa panjab rajasthan sikkim tamilanadu tripura uttarakhand uttar pradesh pashchim bangal aandaman evan nikobar dvipasamooh chanh‍digadh dadara tatha nagar haveli daman aur div lakshadvip puducheri

pashchim bangal ki mukhy bhasha baangla hai. aangrezi aur hindi bhasha bhi boli aur samajhi jati haian.

khanapan

• pashchim bangal ke log machhali-bhat bahut pasand karate haian .
• pashchim bangal mithaeeyoan ke liye prasiddh hai. rasagulle ka avishkar bhi yahian hua tha .

jalavayu

• pashchim bangal mean ushnakatibandhiy ardr shushk jalavayu rahati hai. varshik ausat tapaman 26.8° se. rahata hai.
• grishm rritu garm evan ardr rahati hai, jisamean nyoonatam tapaman 30 digri lagabhag rahata hai. mee aur joon mah mean yah 40° ko bhi par kar jata hai.
• shit rritu mean nyoonatam tapaman 12° se. tak ho jata hai. disanbar se faravari ke bich yah tapaman rahata hai.
• grishmakal ke aranbh mean dhool bhari aandhiyaan ati haian aur usake bad barish hoti hai jo bhishan garami se rahat dilati hai.
• manasoon mean adhikatam varsha agast mean hoti haian .
• kolakata ki pradhan samasya pradooshan hai. yahaan ka saspended partikulet maitar (Suspended Particulate Matter) star bharat ke any pradhan shaharoan ki apeksha bahut adhik hai jo dhuandh ka karan banata hai.

krishi

rajh‍y ki arthik vyavastha mean krishi ki mahath‍vapoorn bhoomika hai. rajh‍y ke char mean se tin vh‍yakti prath‍yaksh ya aprath‍yaksh roop se krishi karyoan mean lage haian. varsh 2006-07 mean rajh‍y mean kul khady uth‍padan 15820 hazar tan tha‍ jisamean se chaval ka uth‍padan 14745.9 hazar tan, gehooan aur dalahanoan ka uth‍padan kramash: 799.9 hazar tan aur 154.4 hazar tan raha. isi avadhi mean tilahanoan ka uth‍padan 645.4 hazar tan aur aloo ka 5052 hazar tan hua. 2006-07 mean patasan ka uth‍padan 8411.5 hazar gaanthean raha. patasan, kapas aur kagaz ki miloan ka pramukh keand bhatapara hai. [[chitr:Lepcha-Peoples.jpg|thumb|250px|left|lepcha prajati ke log, darjiliang, pashchim bangal]]

sundaravan

1. REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy

• suandaravan, bharat tatha baangladesh mean sthit vishv ka sabase b da nadi delta hai .
• yahaan ke narabhakshi bagh 'bangal taigar' ke nam se vishv bhar mean prasiddh haian
• poorn sundaravan 102 dvipoan ka samooh haian jisamean 48 dvipoan par basti hai.
• yah lagabhag 9630 varg kilo mitar kshetraphal tak phaila hua haian .
• lagabhag 40 lakh log sundaravan mean rahate haian .
• yahaan adhikatar log 60 se 120 varsh pahale a kar base haian .
• yah log poornatayah vanoan se milane vale sadhanoan par ashrit haian . in logoan ki jivika- kheti badi, matsy palan, lak di aur shahad sangrahan hai.

udyog

[[chitr:Hooghli-River-Kolkata.jpg|thumb|250px|hugali nadi, kolakata
Hooghli River, Kolkata]] varsh 2007 mean, upalabh‍dh aank doan ke anusar 3677.51 karo d rupe ki nivesh vali 96 pariyojanaean shuroo ki geean. isake atirikt haladiya petro kemikalh‍s ki 34 adhogami pariyojanaoan mean 160.15 karo d ru. ka nivesh kiya gaya hai aur is prakar kul nivesh 3837.66 karo d ru. ho gaya hai. yah apekshit hai ki 150 yoonit ki kul sankhh‍ya ke sath 4014.84 karo d ru. ka kul nivesh 2007 ke aant tak rajh‍y mean karyanvit kiya jaega aur karyanvit pariyojanaoan ki poori janakari upalabh‍dh hogi. pashchim bangal rajh‍y mean 2007 ke dauran karyanvit sabase mahath‍vapoorn pariyojana

• jay balaji iandash‍tri li. dvara 153.73 karo d ru. ki keptiv vidyut sanyantr pariyojana hai jo samekit ish‍pat sanyantr hai.
• hugali met kop aur vidyut kanpani li., 140 karo d ru. ki lagat se mait narjikal kok enh‍d pavar ph‍laant,
• ambuja simeant li.,
• 165 karo d ru. ki vishal vish‍tar pariyojana, pharakh‍ka, murshidabad aur aee.o.si.el. 154.36 karo d ru. vali vish‍tar pariyojana poorvi medinipur mean ki jani hai. chhote ish‍pat sanyantr, sh‍panj ayaran, dhalaee vala pig ayaran adi mean bhari nivesh kiya gaya hai.
• bijali ki asani se upalabdhata, malabha da samh‍yata ko hatane, udyog ke lie prakritik sansadhanoan ke pas sthit hone tatha shramik bal ke paranparik roop se lauh aur ish‍pat ikaiyoan mean dakshata pae jane ke karan is kshetr ke nivesh mean vriddhi huee hai. hal ke varshoan mean simeant udyog mean nivesh bhi badh gaya hai.
• janavari se agash‍t 2007 ke dauran 34 haladiya petro kemikalh‍s li. adhogami i‍kaiyoan mean 160.15 karo d ru. ka nivesh kiya gaya hai. ye ikaiyaan adhikaanshat: nirman ph‍lastik madoan mean sanlagh‍n haian jaise- baltiyaan patr, molh‍did pharnichar, baitari ke patr, nayal aaun ki jaliyaan, ghareloo saman adi.

[[chitr:Shyam-Rai-Temple-Bishnupur.jpg|thumb|250px|left|shyam ray mandir, vishnupur
Shyam Rai Temple, Bishnupur]] pashchim bangal rajh‍y sarakar ne aauto mobail kshetr mean bhi sashakh‍t avasar de rakhe haian. is kshetr mean nivesh ko akarshit karane ke lie vishishh‍t nitigat karyakramoan ko lagoo kiya gaya hai.

pashchim bangal mean kie ge kul nivesh mean se adhikatam nivesh ish‍pat aur vidyut kshetr mean hoga. rajh‍y mean uchh‍ch sambhavana niveshak sel ne kulati, banapur aur durgapur mean ish‍pat uth‍padan kshamata ko badhane ke lie 20,000 karo d ru. ke nivesh ki yojana ghoshit ki hai. isake bad el enh‍d ti pavar devalapameant ka sh‍than hai, jisamean vidyut uth‍padan kshamata ko badhane ke lie haladiya mean 20,000 karo d ru. ki yojana banaee hai.

rajh‍y sarakar ne audyogik nivesh dvara tivr arthik vikas ki avashyata ko pahachana hai. soochana praudyogiki kshetr mean nivesh aur is kshetr mean rashh‍triy vriddhi 30 pratishat ki tulana mean niryat ki vriddhi mean 48 pratishat ki vriddhi huee hai. kolakata mean lagabhag 45000 vh‍yavasayikoan ko shamil karate hue 250 soochana praudyogiki aur soochana praudyogiki samarthit sevaoan ki kanpaniyaan karyarat thian. s aaulh‍t lek ke sekh‍tar 5 mean soochana praudyogiki kenh‍dr bharat ka prathamapoornat: samekit ilekh‍tr aaunik k aaumh‍ph‍lekh‍s hai jo havaee adde ke pas pradooshan mukh‍t 150 ek d se adhik kshetraphal mean phaila hua hai.

bijali aur sianchaee

[[chitr:High-Court-Kolkata.jpg|thumb|250px|kalakatta uchch nyayalay, kolakata
High Court, Kolkata]] rajh‍y mean b di evan madhyam sianchaee pariyojanaoan par kary ho raha hai. rajh‍y mean is samay 'tish‍t bairaj pariyojana' aur 'suvarnarekha bairaj pariyojana' par kam chal raha hai. isake karan dasavian pariyojana mean 51.475 hazar hekh‍teyar sianchaee kshamata prapt ki ja saki. 11vian yojana ka lakshh‍y 210 hazar hekh‍teyar sianchaee ka srijan karana hai. kul 1,38,520 hekh‍teyar ki sanchit sianchaee 2006-07 tak tish‍ta bairaj pariyojana mean banaee gee hai jo 5,27,000 hekh‍teyar hai. 'subam rekha bairaj pariyojana mean khariph ki 99248 hekh‍teyar tatha rabi ki 30,766 hekh‍teyar bhoomi ki sianchaee ki poorvi aur pashchimi maidanipur ziloan mean yojana hai.

puruliya zile mean madhh‍yam 32 sianchaee yojanaoan mean se 25 sianchaee yojanaean poori ho chuki haian. rajh‍y mean aantim laghu sianchaee 44.34 lakh hekh‍teyar aanki gee hai, jisamean se 31.34 lakh hekh‍teyar bhoomi bhoojal sansadhanoan tatha 13.00 lakh hekh‍teyar bhoomi satahi jal sansadhanoan se sanchit ki jani hai. varsh 2006-07 tak 38.64 lakh hekh‍teyar laghu sianchaee ki yojana banayi gayi hai, jisamean se 81.96 pratishat ka upayog varsh ke aantargat 31.67 lakh hekh‍teyar mean kiya ja sakega.

pashchim bangal mean is samay 'pashchim bangal vidyut vikas nigam limited', 'pashchim bangal rajh‍y bijali bord', 'kolakata vidyut apoorti nigam', 'durgapur pariyojana li.', 'disheragadh vidyut apoorti nigam' ith‍yadi dvara bijali ka uth‍padan kiya jata hai. varsh 2007-08 ke dauran rajh‍y mean (aprॅl se navamh‍bar) tak kul 21926.2 miliyan yoonit bijali ka uth‍padan kiya gaya. varsh 2007-08 ke aantargat (navanbar 2007 tak) kul 36,944 maujoan ka vidyutikaran kiya gaya evan 1,14,516 panp set chalayi gaye.

yatayat

sadakean 31 march 2002 ko rajh‍y mean s dakoan ki kul lanbaee 91,970 kilomitar thi jisamean 1,898 kilomitar lanbe rashh‍triy rajamarg shamil the. s dakoan ki lanbaee is prakar hai :

1. praantiy rajamarg - 3533 kilomitar,
2. lok nirman vibhag s dakean - 12565 ki.mi. aur
3. zila s dakean - 42,479 ki.mi..

thumb|250px|left|pashchim bangal ka manachitr relave

• varsh 2005-06 mean rajh‍y mean kul 4499.82 kilomitar lanbe relamarg the.
• rajh‍y ke pramukh relave jankh‍shan haian : hav da, asanasol, siyaladah, bandil, vardaman, kh dagapur tatha jalapaeegudi.
• vishv ka sabase lamba relave steshan kh dagapur mean sthit hai, jisaki lambaee 833 mi hai.

vayumarg

• kolakata vayuseva ke madhyam se baiangalor, muanbee, dilli, chennee sahit sabhi pramukh shaharoan se ju da hua hai.

th‍yohar

thumb|250px|bangali bhojan
Bangali Food durga pooja sabase mahath‍vapoorn th‍yohar hai isake atirikt kali pooja, sarasvati pooja, dipavali. basant panchami, lakshh‍mi pooja, holi, shivaratri, janh‍mashh‍tami, eed, krisamas adi tyohar bhi manaye jate haian. bangal mean ayojit hone vale meloan mean gangasagar mela, keandoli mela, jalapesh mela, rash mela tatha paush mela pramukh haian.

paryatan sh‍thal

hav da

pashchim bangal ka doosara sabase b da nagar hai. paryatak sthaloan mean hav da brij paryatakoan ko akarshit karata hai. hav da brij ke atirikt paryatak yahaan par hav da steshan, mahan baragad ka pe d, beloor math, garachoomuk, panitaras-samtaber aur vidyasagar setu adi dekh sakate haian, jo bahut khoobasoorat haian. yah apani prakritik sundarata ke lie bhi bahut prasiddh hai.

jalapaeegudi

nadiyoan aur paha diyoan se ghira jalapaeegudi pashchim bangal mean hai. yahaan par chay ke baganoan aur jangal bahut suandar haian. yahaan rahane vale nivasi b de milanasar aur hansamukh haian. vah jalapaeegu di mean ane vale paryatakoan ka svagat b de adar aur utsah ke sath karate haian. [[chitr:Kali-Temple-Kolkata.jpg|thumb|250px|left|dakshineshvar kali mandir, kolakata
Dakshnineshwar Kali Temple, Kolkata]]

purooliya

purooliya pashchim bangal ka abhooshan nam se jana jata hai. yahaan par prakritik sunh‍darata ke sath-sath atachala aur charachala shaili mean bane mandir bhi prasiddh haian. in mandiroan ke atirikt bagamuandi, biranchinath, buddhapur, charra aur ganapur paryatak sthal haian.

varddhaman

varddhaman pashchim bangal mean sthit hai. dhan ke khetoan ke atirikt yah vishvaprasiddh paryatak sthaloan karzan get, kanchananagar, ek sau ath shiv mandir, mankar aur kalyanoshvari mandir ke lie jana jata haian.

• inake atirikt pashchim bangal ke mahath‍vapoorn paryatan kenh‍dr haian - kolakata, digha, bakh‍khali si rij aaurt, sagar dvip aur suandaravan, bandel, tarakeshh‍var, hugali, shaanti niketan aur darjiliang, kalimapoang adi.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh