दाग़ देहलवी
navab mirza khaan (janm- 25 mee, 1831, dilli; mrityu- 1905, haidarabad) ko urdoo jagat mean ek shayar ke roop mean bahut ooancha sthan prapt hai. inhean 'dag dehalavi' ke nam se bhi jana jata hai. unake jivan ka adhikaansh samay dilli mean vyatit hua tha, yahi karan hai ki unaki shayariyoan mean dilli ki tahajib nazar ati hai. dag dehalavi ki shayari ishk aur mohabbat ki sachchi tasvir pesh karati hai.
parivarik parichay
mugal badashah shahalam, jo ki andha ho chuka tha, usake akhiri jamane mean pathanoan ka ek khanadan samarakand se apani roji-roti ki talash mean bharat aya tha. yah khanadan kuchh mahine tak jamian-asaman ki khoj mean idhar-udhar bhatakata raha aur phir dilli ke ek mohalle ballimaran mean bas gaya. is khanadan ki doosari pidhi ka ek naujavan ahamad bakhsh khaan ne alavar ke raja bakhtavar sianh ke us phauji daste ki saradari ka farz nibhaya, jo raja ki aur se bharatapur ke raja ke khilaf aangrezoan ki madad ke lie bheja gaya tha. l daee ke maidan mean ahamad bakhsh khaan apani jan ko daanv par lagakar ek aangrez ki jan bachata hai. usaki is vafadari ke lie l aaurd lek use firojapur aur jharaka ki jagirean inam mean de deta hai.[1]
pita ki phaansi
ahamad bakhsh khaan ka b da l daka shamsuddin khaan, jo usaki alavar ki mevatan bivi se utpann hua tha, usane jagir mean naiansafi ke lie aangrezoan ke khilaf avaz uthaee. vah british rejideant ke qatl ki bhi sajish rachane laga. lekin usaki is sajish ka pata aangrez sarakar ko lag gaya aur use 1835 ee. mean phaansi de di gee. mirza dag dehalavi isi shamsuddin khaan ki pahali aur aantim santan the, jo bad mean urdoo gazal ke itihas mean navab mirza khaan dag dehalavi ke nam se prasiddh hue. apane pita ki phaansi ke samay mirza dag dehalavi matr char sal aur char mahine ke the. aangrezoan ke bhay se dag dehalavi ki maan vajir begam kee varshoan tak chhip kar rahian aur is dauran dag dehalavi apane mausi ke jahaan rahe.
shiksha-diksha
kee varshoan ke bhatakav ke bad jab vajir begam ne akhiri mugal badashah bahadurashah zaphar ke putr aur uttaradhikari mirza fakharoo se vivah kar liya, tab dag dehalavi bhi lal qile mean rahane lage. yahaan inaki shiksha-diksha adi ka achchha prabandh ho gaya tha. dag dehalavi ne lal qile mean barah varsh bitae, lekin yah sab vilasita mirza fakharoo ke dehaant ke bad inake pas nahian rahi. boodhe badashah bahadurashah zaphar ki javan malika jinatamahal ki rajaniti ne lal qile mean unhean rahane nahian diya. is bar unake sath unaki mata vajir begam aur sath hi mata ki kuchh jayaj aur najayaj santane bhi thian. mirza fakharoo se mirza mohammad khurshid ke atirikt, aga turab ali se, jinake yahaan vajir begam shamsuddin khaan ki phaansi ke bad kuchh din chhupi thian aga mirza shagil aur jayapur ke ek aangrez se bhi ek l daka amir mirza aur ek l daki badashah begam shamil thian.[1]
shayari ki shuruat
lal qile mean barah varsh rahate hue dag dehalavi ne apani shayari se us yug ke bujurg shayaroan, jaise- galib, maumin, jauk, shefta ko hi nahian chaukaya apitu apani sidhi-sahaj bhasha aur usake natakiy akarshan ne am logoan ko bhi unaka prashansak bana diya. inaki gazal ke is roop ne bhasha ko vah manjhav aur paradarshita di, jisame bariq se bariq khyal ke izahar ki nayi sambhanaean thian. galib bhi dag ke is aandaj se prabhavit hue bina nahian rah sake. dag ke ek jivani lekhak nisar ali shoharat se unhoanne ek bar kaha tha- "dag bhasha ko n sirf pal raha hai, balki use talim bhi de raha hai."
rachanatmak kshamata
dag ki rachanatmak kshamata apane samakalin urdoo shayaroan se kahian adhik thi. unaka ek divan 1857 ki lootamar ki bhet chadh gaya tha. doosara unake haidarabad ke nivas ke dauran kisi ke hath ki saphaee ka shikar ho gaya. in do divanoan ke kho jane ke bavajood dag ke paanch divan 'gulajar dag', 'mahatab-e-dag', 'afatab-e-dag', 'yadagar-e-dag', 'yadagar-e-dag- bhag-2', jinamean 1038 se zyada gazalean, anekoan muktak, rubaeeyaan, salam marsiye adi shamil the. isake atirikt ek 838 sheroan ki masanavi[2] bhi 'phariyade dag' ke nam se prakashit huee. itane b de shayari ke saramaye mean sirf unaki mohabbat ki bajariyat ko hi unaki shayari ki pahachan samajhana sabase b di bhool hogi. yahaan tak ki firaq gorakhapuri jaisa samajhadar alochak bhi hua. isase iankar karana kathin hai ki lal qile ke mujaroan, kavvaliyoan, ayyashiyoan, aphim sharab ki rangaranliyoan se jinaki oopari chamak-damak mean us samay ki dam to dati tahajib ki aantim hichakiyaan saph sunaee deti thian, dag ke bachapan aur javani ke shuruati varshoan mean prabhavit hue the. is daur ka saanskritik patan unake shuroo ke ishk ke raveye mean saph nazar ata hai. unaki gazal ki nayika bhi is asar ke tahat bazar ka khilauna thi, jisase vo bhi un dinoan ki parampara ke anusar khoob khele. lekin dag dehalavi ka kamal yah hai ki vah yahian tak simit hokar nahian rahe the. unaki shayari mean unake vyaktitv ki bhaanti, jisamean ashik, najarabaz, soofi, phanakar, duniyadar, atit, vartaman ek sath jite-jagate haian, kee dishaoan ka sapharanama hai. ye shayari jinda adami ke virodhabhasoan ka bahumukhi roop hai, jise kisi ek chehare se pahachan pana mushkil hai.[1]
kabe ki hai havas kabhi kooe butaan ki hai
mujhako khabar nahian, meri mitati kahaan ki hai.
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 parichay- dag dehalavi (hindi). . abhigaman tithi: 12 march, 2013.
- ↑ khandakavy
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
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