ग़ालिब का बचपन एवं शिक्षा
thumb|right|galib|left galib urdoo-farasi ke prakhyat kavi tatha mahanh shayar the. galib ka palan pita ki mrityu ke bad inake chacha ne hi kiya tha, par shighr hi inake chacha ki bhi mrityu ho gee thi aur ye apani nanihal mean a ge. pita svayan ghar-jamaee ki tarah sada sasural mean rahe. vahian unaki santanoan ka bhi palan-poshan hua. nanihal khushahal tha. isalie galib ka bachapan adhikatar vahian par bita aur b de aram se bita. un logoan ke pas kafi jayadad thi. galib khud apane ek patr mean ‘mafidul khayayaq’ pres ke malik muanshi shivanarayan ko, jinake dada ke sath galib ke nana ki gahari dosti thi, likhate haian.
kala mahal
“hamari b di haveli vah hai, jo ab lakkhichand seth ne mol li hai. isi ke daravaze ki sangin barahadari par meri nashast thi[1]. aur usi ke pas ek ‘khatiyavali haveli’ aur salimashah ke takiya ke pas doosari haveli aur kale mahal se lagi huee ek aur haveli aur isase age badhakar ek katara jo ki ‘g dariyoan vala’ mashahoor tha aur ek doosara katara jo ki ‘kashmiran vala’ kahalata tha. is katare ke ek kothe par maian patang u data tha aur raja balavan sianh se patang l da karate the.”
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arthik tangi ne kabhi bhi inaka pichha nahian chho da tha. qarz mean hamesha ghire rahe, lekin apani shano-shauqat mean kabhi kami nahian ane dete the. inake sat bachchoan mean se ek bhi jivit nahian raha. jis peanshan ke sahare inhean v inake ghar ko ek sahara prapt tha, vah bhi band kar di gee thi.
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abdussamad se mulaqat
isi zamane (1810-1811 ee.) mean mulla abdussamad eeran se ghoomate-phirate agara aye, inhian ke yahaan do sal tak ve rahe. yah eeran ke ek pratishthit aur vaibhav sampann vyakti the, aur yazd ke rahane vale the. pahale zaratustr ke anuyayi the, par bad mean islam dharm ko svikar kar liya. inaka purana nam 'haramuzd' tha. farasi to inaki ghutti mean thi. arabi bhasha ka bhi inhean bahut achchha jnan tha. is samay mirza 14 varsh ke the aur farasi mean unhoanne apani yogyata prapt kar li thi. ab mulla abdussamad jo aye to unase do varsh tak mirza ne farasi bhasha evan kavy ki barikiyoan ka jnan prapt kiya, aur usamean aise parangat ho ge ki jaise khud bhi eerani hoan. abdussamad inaki pratibha se chakit the, aur unhoanne apani sari vidya inamean u del di. vah inako bahut chahate the. jab vah svadesh laut ge tab bhi donoan ka patr vyavahar jari raha. qazi abdul vadood tatha ek-do aur vidvanoan ne abdussamad ko ek kalpit vyakti bataya hai. kaha jata hai ki mirza se svayan bhi ekadh bar bhi suna gaya ki ‘abdussamad’ ek farzi nam hai. chooanki mujhe log 'be-ustad' (bin guru ka) kahate the. unaka muanh band karane ke lie maianne ek farzi ustad gadh liya hai.[2] par is tarah ki batean keval anuman aur kalpana par adharit haian.
samajik vatavaran ka prabhav
galib mean uchch preranaean jagrit karane ka kam shikshan se bhi zyada us vatavaran ne kiya, jo inake ird-gird tha. jis muhalle mean vah rahate the, vah (gulabakhana) us zamane mean farasi bhasha ke shikshan ka uchch kendr tha. room ke bhashyakar mulla vali muhammad, unake bete shamsul juha, mohammad badaruddija, azam ali tatha mauhammad kamil vagaira farasi ke ek-se-ek vidvanh vahaan rahate the. vatavaran mean farasiyat bhari thi. isilie yah usase prabhavit n hote, yah kaise sambhav tha. par jahaan ek or yah talim-tarviyat thi, vahian aisho-isharat ki mahafilean bhi inake ird-gird bikhari huee thian. dulare the, paise-rupaye ki kami nahian thi. pita evan chacha ke mar jane se koee dabav rakhane vala n tha. kishoravastha, tabiyat mean umangean, yar-dostoan ke majamean (jamaghat), khane-pine shataranj, kabootarabazi, yauvanonmad sabaka jamaghat. adatean big d geean. husn ke afasanoan mean man ulajha, chandramukhiyoan ne dil ko khiancha. aisho-isharat ka bazar garm hua. 24-25 varsh ki ayu tak khoob rangareliyaan kian, par bad mean uchch preranaoan ne inhean oopar uthane ko badhy kiya. zyadatar buri adatean door ho geean, par madira pan ki lat lagi so marate dam tak n chhooti.
shero-shayari ki shuruat
inaki kavyagat preranaean svabhavik thian. bachapan se hi inhean shero-shayari ki lat lagi. ishq ne use ubhara, 'go' (yadyapi) vah ishq bahut chhichhala aur bazaroo tha. jab yah mohammad moajzam ke 'makatabe' (pathashala, madarasa) mean padhate the aur 10-11 varsh ke the, tabhi se inhoanne sher kahana arambh kar diya tha. shuroo mean bedil evan shauqat ke rang mean kahate the. bedil ki chhap bachapan se hi p di. 25 varsh ki ayu mean do hazar sheroan ka ek 'divan' taiyar ho gaya. isamean vahi chooma-chati, vahi strain bhavanaean, vahi pite-pitae mazamoon (lekh, vishay) the. ek bar unake kisi hitaishi ne inake kuchh sher mir taqi ‘mir’ ko sunae. sunakar ‘mir’ ne kaha, ‘agar is l dake ko koee kabil ustad mil gaya aur usane isako sidhe raste par dal diya to lajavab shayar ban jayega. barna 'mahamil' (nirarthak) bakane lagega.’ mir ki bhavishyavani poori huee. sachamuch yah mahamil bakane lage the, par ant: prerana evan buzurgoan ki kripa se us star se oopar uth gaye. ‘mir’ ki mrityu ke samay galib keval 13 varsh ke the aur do hi tin sal pahale unhoanne sher kahane shuroo kie the. prarambh mean hi is chhokare ki (galib) kavi ki gazal itani door lakhanoo mean ‘khudae-sakhun’ ‘mir’ ke samane padhi gee aur ‘mir’ ne, jo b doan-b doan ko khatiroan mean n late the, inaki supt pratibha ko dekhakar inaki rachanaoan par sammati di. isase hi jan p data hai ki prarambh se hi inamean uchch kavi ke bij the.
| left|30px|link=galib ka parichay|pichhe jaean | galib ka bachapan evan shiksha | right|30px|link=galib ka nikah|age jaean |
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tika tippani aur sandarbh
- ↑ yah b di haveli.......ab bhi pipalamandi agara mean maujood hai. isi ka nam ‘kala’ (kalaan?) mahal hai. yah nihayat alishan imarat hai. yah kisi zamane mean raja gajasianh ki haveli kahalati thi. raja gajasianh jodhapur ke raja soorajasianh ke bete the aur ahade jahaangir mean isi makan mean rahate the. mera khyal hai ki mirza galib ki paidaish isi makan mean huee hogi. ajakal (1838 ee.) yah imarat ek hindoo seth ki milkiyat hai aur isamean l dakiyoan ka madarasa hai.-‘zikre galib’ (malikaram), navin sansmaran, prishth 21
- ↑ ‘adagare galib’ (hali)-ilahabadi sanskaran prishth 13.
bahari k diyaan
hindi path k diyaan |
aangrezi path k diyaan |
vidiyo k diyaan |
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| link=#top|center|oopar jayean |
sanbandhit lekh
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varnamala kramanusar lekh khoj
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