Difference between revisions of "बिहार"
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|Image=Bihar-map.jpg | |Image=Bihar-map.jpg | ||
|राजधानी=[[पटना]] | |राजधानी=[[पटना]] | ||
| − | |जनसंख्या घनत्व= | + | |जनसंख्या =10,38,04,637<ref name="बिहार">{{cite web |url=http://gov.bih.nic.in/Profile/default.htm |title=Bihar State Profile |accessmonthday=3 जून |accessyear=2011 |last= |first= |authorlink= |format=एच.टी.एम.एल |publisher=बिहार की आधिकारिक वेबसाइट |language=अंग्रेज़ी}}</ref> |
| − | |क्षेत्रफल= | + | |जनसंख्या घनत्व=1,102<ref name="बिहार"/> |
| + | |क्षेत्रफल=94,163 वर्ग किमी <ref name="बिहार"/> | ||
|भौगोलिक निर्देशांक=25.37°N 85.13°E | |भौगोलिक निर्देशांक=25.37°N 85.13°E | ||
| − | |ज़िले=38 | + | |ज़िले=38<ref name="बिहार"/> |
|राजभाषा(एँ)=[[हिन्दी भाषा]], [[अंग्रेज़ी भाषा]], [[उर्दू भाषा]], [[भोजपुरी भाषा]], [[मगही भाषा]], [[मैथिली भाषा]] | |राजभाषा(एँ)=[[हिन्दी भाषा]], [[अंग्रेज़ी भाषा]], [[उर्दू भाषा]], [[भोजपुरी भाषा]], [[मगही भाषा]], [[मैथिली भाषा]] | ||
| − | |लिंग अनुपात=1000: | + | |लिंग अनुपात=1000:916 |
| − | |साक्षरता= | + | |साक्षरता=63.82<ref name="बिहार"/> |
| − | |स्त्री= | + | |स्त्री=53.33 |
| − | |पुरुष= | + | |पुरुष=73.39 |
| − | |तापमान=27 °C | + | |तापमान=27 °C (औसत) |
|ग्रीष्म=34 °C | |ग्रीष्म=34 °C | ||
|शरद=10 °C | |शरद=10 °C | ||
| − | |||
|उच्च न्यायालय=पटना उच्च न्यायालय | |उच्च न्यायालय=पटना उच्च न्यायालय | ||
| − | |राज्यपाल=[[ | + | |राज्यपाल=[[देवानंद कुंवर]]<ref name="बिहार"/> |
| − | |मुख्यमंत्री=[[नितीश कुमार]] | + | |मुख्यमंत्री=[[नितीश कुमार]]<ref name="बिहार"/> |
|बाहरी कड़ियाँ=[http://gov.bih.nic.in/default.asp/ अधिकारिक वेबसाइट] | |बाहरी कड़ियाँ=[http://gov.bih.nic.in/default.asp/ अधिकारिक वेबसाइट] | ||
| − | |अद्यतन= | + | |अद्यतन= |
|emblem=Bihar-Seal.gif | |emblem=Bihar-Seal.gif | ||
}} | }} | ||
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चित्र:Buddha-Statue-Bodhgaya-Bihar-2.jpg|[[बुद्ध|बुद्ध प्रतिमा]], [[बोधगया]], बिहार | चित्र:Buddha-Statue-Bodhgaya-Bihar-2.jpg|[[बुद्ध|बुद्ध प्रतिमा]], [[बोधगया]], बिहार | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
| − | + | ==टीका टिप्पणी और संदर्भ== | |
| + | <references/> | ||
==संबंधित लेख== | ==संबंधित लेख== | ||
{{बिहार के पर्यटन स्थल}} | {{बिहार के पर्यटन स्थल}} | ||
{{बिहार के नगर}}{{बिहार के ऐतिहासिक स्थान}} | {{बिहार के नगर}}{{बिहार के ऐतिहासिक स्थान}} | ||
| − | {{बिहार प्रदेश के ज़िले}} | + | {{बिहार प्रदेश के ज़िले}}{{राज्य और के. शा. प्र.}} |
| − | {{राज्य और के. शा. प्र.}} | ||
{{भारत गणराज्य}}{{राज्य और के. शा. प्र.2}} | {{भारत गणराज्य}}{{राज्य और के. शा. प्र.2}} | ||
| − | [[Category:बिहार]] | + | [[Category:बिहार]][[Category:अद्यतन]] |
[[Category:भारत के राज्य और केन्द्र शासित प्रदेश]][[Category:राज्य संरचना]] | [[Category:भारत के राज्य और केन्द्र शासित प्रदेश]][[Category:राज्य संरचना]] | ||
__INDEX__ | __INDEX__ | ||
__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
Revision as of 12:19, 3 June 2011
bihar
| |
| rajadhani | patana |
| rajabhasha(ean) | hindi bhasha, aangrezi bhasha, urdoo bhasha, bhojapuri bhasha, magahi bhasha, maithili bhasha |
| janasankhya | 10,38,04,637[1] |
| · ghanatv | 1,102[1] /varg kimi |
| kshetraphal | 94,163 varg kimi [1] |
| bhaugolik nirdeshaank | 25.37°N 85.13°E |
| tapaman | 27 °C (ausat) |
| · grishm | 34 °C |
| · sharad | 10 °C |
| zile | 38[1] |
| liang anupat | 1000:916 ♂/♀ |
| saksharata | 63.82[1]% |
| · stri | 53.33% |
| · purush | 73.39% |
| uchch nyayalay | patana uchch nyayalay |
| rajyapal | devanand kuanvar[1] |
| mukhyamantri | nitish kumar[1] |
| bahari k diyaan | adhikarik vebasait |
itihas aur bhoogol
bihar ka ulhlekh vedoan, puranoan aur prachin mahakavhyoan mean milata hai. yah rajhy mahathma buddh aur 24 jain tirthakaroan ki karmabhoomi raha haian. eesa poorv kal mean is kshetr par bimbisar, pataliputr ki shthapana karane vale udayan, chandragupt maury aur samrat ashok sahit maury, shuang tatha kanhv rajavansh ke nareshoan ne raj kiya isake pashhchat kushan shasakoan ka samay aya aur bad mean gupht vansh ke chandragupt vikramadity ne bihar par raj kiya. madhhyakal mean muslim shasakoan ka is kshetr par adhikar raha. bihar par sabase pahale vijay pane vala muslim shasak 'mohamhmad bin bakhtiyar khilaji' tha. khilaji vansh ke bad tugalaq vansh tatha mugal vansh ka adhipathy raha tha. d aauktar aansari (1880-1936 ee.) ek pramukh musalaman rashtriyatavadi neta the. unaka janm bihar mean hua. [[chitr:Vaishali-Bihar.jpg|thumb|250px|left|vaishali, bihar]] bihar bharat ke pramukh rajhyoan mean se ek hai. isake uttar mean nepal, poorv mean pashchim bangal, pashchim mean uttar pradesh tatha dakshin mean jharakhand rajhy haian . yahaan anek nadiyaan bahati haian jinamean ganga pramukh hai. anhy nadiyaan haian- son, pupun, phalhgu, karmanasha, durgavati, kosi, gandak, ghaghara adi. bihar ganga tatha usaki sahayak nadiyoan ke maidan mean basa hai . jharakhand ke alag hone ke bad bihar ki bhoomi mukhyatah nadiyoan ke maidan aur samatal bhoobhag hai. bihar ganga ke poorvi maidan mean hai. ganga nadi pradesh ke lagabhag bichoan bich hokar bahati hai . uttari bihar bagamati, kosi, gandak, son aur unaki sahayak nadiyoan ka samatal maidan hai . bihar ke uttar mean himalay parvat shreni hai aur dakshin mean chhota nagapur pathar hai jisaka hissa ab jharakhand hai. uttar se kee nadiyaan bihar se hokar bahati haian aur ganga mean mil jati haian. in nadiyoan mean, varsha rritu mean badh bahut b di samasya hai. bihar mean sthit odantapuri 'purana nam udantapuri' ko terahavian sadi ke prarambh mean musalaman akraantaoan ne nasht kar diya.
- bihar ke saran zile mean chiraand namak gram sthit hai.
- bihar mean baksar ke nikat karmanasha nadi ke kinare chausa namak ek chhota-sa kasba hai.
sarvajanik karyakarta
bihar ke prasiddh sarvajanik karyakarta jagat narayan lal ka janm uttar pradesh ke gorakhapur nagar mean hua tha. 1937 ke nirvachan ke bad jagat narayan lal bihar mantrimandal mean sabhi-sachiv bane. 1940-1942 ki lambi jel yatraoan ke bad 1957 mean ve bihar sarakar mean mantri banae ge.
bhasha
bihar ki adhikarik bhashaeM hindi bhasha aur urdoo haian, parantu adhikaansh log bolachal mean bihari bhasha ( magadhi, maithili, bhojapuri aur aangika) ka prayog karate haian.
shiksha
prachin kal mean bihar shiksha ka pramukh keandr tha. shiksha ka pramukh kendr nalanda vishhvavidyalay , vikramashila vishhvavidyalay, varjasan vishhvavidyalay evan odantapuri vishhvavidyalay the.
- bihar mean shiksha madhyakal se prarambh huee thi. is samay adhikaanshat: muslim hi uchch shiksha grahan karate the. shiksha ka madhyam pharasi tha kiantu kahian sanskrit ke bhi shikshan sansthan the.
- ajimabad (patana) bihar mean pharasi ka sabase b da kendr tha. bihar ke prasiddh vidvanoan mean qazi gulam muzaphphar the.
- adhunik shiksha ka prarambh 1835 ee. mean l aaurd viliyam baiantik dvara kiya gaya. shiksha ka madhyam sanskrit-pharasi ke sath aangrezi bhi tha lekin aangrezi bhasha ki sarv pramukhata thi.
- poorniya ke bihar shariph tatha chhapara mean ek aangrezi shiksha kendr ki sthapana ki gee.
prachin shiksha kendr
prachin kal se bihar shiksha ka pramukh kendr raha hai. jo nimn haian-
[[chitr:Nalanda-University-Bihar.jpg|thumb|250px|nalanda vishhvavidyalay, nalanda]]
nalanda vishhvavidyalay
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
- guptakalin samrat kumaragupt pratham ne 415-454 ee.poo. nalanda vishhvavidyalay ki sthapana ki thi.
- nalanda vishhvavidyalay mean adhyayan karane ke lie java, chin, tibbat, shrilanka v koriya adi ke chhatr ate the.
- jab hvenasaang bharat aya tha us samay nalanda vishhvavidyalay mean 8500 chhatr evan 1510 adhyapak the. isake prakhyat adhyapakoan shilabhadr ,dharmapal, chandrapal, gunamati, sthiramati, prabhamitr, jinamitr, dikanag, jnanachandr, nagarjun, vasubandhu, asang, dharmakirti adi the.
- is vishhvavidyalay mean pali bhasha mean shikshan kary hota tha. 12vian shati mean bakhtiyar khilaji ke akraman se yah vishvavidyalay nasht ho gaya tha.
vikramashila vishhvavidyalay
[[chitr:Mahabodhi-Temple-Bihar.jpg|mahabodhi mandir, bodhagaya, bihar|thumb|250px|left]]
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
- palavanshiy shasak ne 770-810 ee. mean vikramashila vishhvavidyalay ki sthapana ki thi.
- vikramashila vishhvavidyalay bauddh dharm ki vajrayan shakha ka pramukh kendr tha. yahaan nyay, tatvajnan evan vyakaran ki shiksha di jati thi.
- vikramashila vishhvavidyalay ke vidvanoan mean rakshit virochan, jnanabhadr, buddh jetarit, rathnakar, shantijnan, shrimitr, abhayankar the.
- is vishvavidyalay mean tibbat ke chhatroan ki sankhya sarvadhik thi.
odantapuri vishhvavidyalay
- REDIRECTsaancha:mukhy
pal vansh ke pratham shasak gopal ne odantapuri vishhvavidyalay ki sthapana ki thi. yah vishhvavidyalay bihar shariph nagar ke samip hai. yah vishhvavidyalay tantr vidya ka kendr tha. maharakshit aur shilarakshit namak prasiddh vidvan the.
[[chitr:Gandhi-Setu-Patna.jpg|mahatma gaandhi setu, patana|thumb|250px]]
tilak mahavidyalay
- magadh mean shiksha ka kendr tilak mahavidyalay tha. isaka ullekh chini yatriyoan (hvenasaang evan itsiang) ne apane yatra sansmaranoan mean kiya hai.
- haryak vansh ke shasakoan ne is vidyalay ki sthapana ki thi. yah vidyalay mahayan sampraday ka kendr tha.is keandr mean prajnanabhadr nam ke vidvan the.
- tilak mahavidyalay ki pachan nalanda ke pas ke tillas gaanv ke roop mean ki gayi hai.
phoolahari shikshan sansthan
- phoolahari shikshan sansthan nalanda ke pas tha.
- yahaan bauddh acharyoan aur tibbati vidvanoan ka nivas raha hai.
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krishi
bihar ki arthavyavastha krishi par adharit hai.bihar ka kul bhaugolik kshetr lagabhag 93.60 lakh hekhteyar hai jisamean se keval 56.03 lakh hekhteyar par hi kheti hoti hai. rajhy mean lagabhag 79.46 lakh hekhteyar bhoomi krishi yoghy hai. vibhinhn sadhanoan dvara kul 43.86 lakh hekhteyar bhoomi par hi sianchaee suvidhaean upalabhdh haian jabaki lagabhag 33.51 lakh hekhteyar bhoomi ki sianchaee hoti hai.
bihar ki pramukh khady fasalean haian- dhan, gehooan, makhka aur dalean. mukhhy nakadi fasalean haian- ganhna, aloo, tanbakoo, tilahan, phyaj, mirch, patasan. lagabhag 6,764.14 varg ki. mi. kshetr mean van phaile haian jo rajhy ke kul bhaugolik kshetr ka lagabhag 7.1 pratishat haian.
udyog
rajhy ke mukhhy udyog haian -
- mujaphpharapur aur mokama mean 'bharat vaigan limited' ka relave vaigan sanyantr,
- barauni mean bharatiy tel nigam ka telashodhak karakhana hai.
- barauni ka ech.pi.si.el. aur amajhor ka pairaits ph aaushphet eand kaimikalhs limited (pi.pi.si.el.) rajhy ke urvarak sanyantr haian.
- sivan, bhagalapur, pandaul, mokama aur gaya mean paanch b di soot kataee milean haian.
- uttar v dakshin bihar mean 13 chini milean haian, jo niji kshetr ki haian tatha 15 chini milean sarvajanik kshetr ki haian jinaki kul peraee kshamata 45,00 ti.pi. di. hai.
- isake alava gopalaganj, pashchimi chanparan, bhagalapur aur riga (sitamadhi zila) mean sharab banane ke karakhane haian.
- pashchimi chanparan, mujaphpharapur aur barauni mean cham da prasanshkaran ke udyog hai.
- katihar aur samashtipur mean tin b de patasan ke karakhane haian.
- hajipur mean davaean banane ka karakhana, aurangabad aur patana mean khady prasanshkaran aur vanashpati banane ke karakhane haian.
- isake alava banjari mean kalhyanapur simeant limited namak simeant karakhane ka bihar ke audyogik nakhshe mean mahathvapoorn shthan hai.
[[chitr:View-of-Patna.jpg|thumb|250px|patana ka drishy|left]]
sianchaee
bihar mean kul sianchaee kshamata 28.63 lakh hekhteyar hai. yah kshamata b di tatha manjholi sianchaee pariyojanaoan se jutaee jati hai. yahaan b di aur madhhyam sianchaee pariyojanaoan ka srijan kiya gaya hai aur 48.97 lakh hekhteyar kshetraphal ki sianchaee pramukh sianchaee yojanaoan ke madhhyam se ki jati hai.
parivahan
s dakean- march, 2008 tak bihar mean 45,721.059 kilomitar pakhki s dakean thian. inamean 3,734.38 kilomitar rashhtriy rajamarg, 3,766.029 kilomitar praantiy rajamarg, 7,992.65 pramukh zila s dakean, 2,828 kilomitar anhy zila s dakean tatha 27,400 kilomitar gramin s dakean shamil thian.
relave- bihar mean rel lainoan ka achhchha jal bichha hua hai. mokama mean ekamatr relave pul hone ke karan uttari bihar ke lie parivahan vhyavashtha mean tho di pareshani hai. kuchh mahathvapoorn shthanoan ko jo dane vale relamargo, jaise- mujaphpharapur-samashtipur-barauni-katihar aur samashtipur rajhy ke mukhhy relave jankhshan haian.
uddayan- rajhy mean sabhi b de ziloan mean havaee pattiyoan ke alava patana mean aantararashhtriy havaee adda hai.
parivahan ke dvara rajy ki arthik pragati tatha vikas hota hai. parivahan ki samuchit vyavastha se audyogikaran, krishi aur samajik jivan ka vikas hota hai.
[[chitr:Shershah Tomb2.jpg|thumb|250px|sherashah soori ka maqabara, sasaram]]
bihar ki parivahan vyavastha shuroo se hi nadiyoan se prabhavit rahi hai. nauka dvara nadiyoan ke kinaroan par parivahan ki vyavastha rahati hai. rajy ki parivahan vyavastha ganga nadi par vishesh roop se nirbhar hai. ganga nadi ke uttar tatha dakshini maidani bhagoan mean rel tatha s dakoan dvara parivahan ki vyavastha badh adi se prabhavit hoti hai, isalie nadi ke kinaroan par sudridh tatabandhoan ka nirman karaya gaya hai.
bihar se uttar bharat ke anek rajy s dak marg se ju de haian. sherashah ne peshavar tak s dak marg ka nirman karaya tha. yah marg us samay 's dak-e-azam' kahalata tha, ajakal is s dak ko 'The Grand Trunk Road / graiand trank rod / ji. ti. rod' ke nam se jana jata hai. sherashah ne 1542 ee. mean isaka nirman karaya tha. yah s dak peshavar se kolakata tak jati hai. bihar ki parivahan vyavastha mean s dak aur relamarg bahut mahattvapoorn hai kiantu jal parivahan ka vikas simit hi hua hai.
bihar mean yatayat ke mukhyatah char sadhan haian-
s dak
[[chitr:Buddha-Statue-Bodhgaya-Bihar.jpg|thumb|250px|left|buddh pratima, bodhagaya]]
purane samay se hi bihar uttar bharat ke any bhagoan se s dak marg se ju da hua hai. prachin shasakoan ki prashasanik aur arthik vyavastha sthal margoan par hi adharit thi. samrat ashok ne vaibhavashali magadh ko rajadhani banaya tha, aur rajagaur aur pataliputr ke bich rajy marg ka nirman karaya tha. madhyakal mean mugal shasakoan aur sherashah soori ne s dak ka nirman kiya tha.
- 1947 ee. mean bihar mean kul s dakoan ki lambaee 1315 kilomitar thi. ajakal s dakoan ki lambaee 67116 kilomitar hai. rashtriy marg rajy ki prathamik s dak vyavastha hai. isake rakharakhav ki vyavastha kendriy sarakar par hai. rajy mean 4717 kilomitar lambe s dak marg ka nirman kiya gaya hai. isake atirikt 26092 ki.mi. lambi s dakoan ko do len ka kiya ja raha hai.
| nam | lamhbaee (ki.mi) |
|---|---|
| rashtriy rajamarg sankhya-2 | 392 kilomitar |
| rashtriy rajamarg sankhya-6 | bihar mean lambaee 22 kilomitar |
| rashtriy rajamarg sankhya- 23 | 250 kilomitar lambaee |
| rashtriy rajamarg sankhya-28 | 259 kilomitar lambaee |
| rashtriy rajamarg-30 | 230 kilomitar lambaee |
| rashtriy rajamarg-31 | 437 kilomitar lambaee |
- prantiy rajamarg, jo zila mukhyalayoan aur pradesh ki rajadhani ko jo date haian. bihar ke maidani bhag mean s dakean barasat mean pani mean doob jati haian.
- sthaniy s dakean, jo zila mukhyalay ko kasboan aur gaanvoan ko apas mean jo dati haian. ye kachchi aur pakhki donoan tarah ki hoti haian. yah eeantoan se banian haian aur varsha se inamean toot-phoot ho jati hai.
paryatan shthal
bihar paryatan sthaloan, aitihasik dharoharoan, dharm, adhyatm aur sanskriti ka kendr raha hai. yahaan ki paramparaean, sanskriti, riti-rivaj aur jivan-paddhatiyaan, mele, parv, tyohar hamesha se paryatakoan ko akarshit karate rahe haian.
- rajhy ke pramukh paryatan keandr haian- rajagir, nalanda, vaishali, pavapuri jahaan bhagavan mahavir ne aantim saans li aur nirvan ko prapht hue, bodhagaya, vikramashila uchhch shiksha ke bauddh vishhvavidyalay ke avashesh, patana pataliputr ka prachin nagar aur sasaram sherashah soori ka maqabara aur madhubani.
- anhy mahathvapoorn paryatan shthal haian : muandeshhvari mandir, kaimoor, rohatasagadh qila, rohatas, jain tirth shthal, kuandalapur, nalanda, bihar yog keandr, muanger, maner shariph, patana, gramin
paryatan shthal nepura, nalanda, kesariya shtoop, poorvi chanparan.
barabar
- bihar ke gaya zile mean sthit barabar ki paha di mean sat prachin guphaean vistrit prakoshthoan ke roop mean nirmit haian.
in sat guphaoan mean se tin mean ashok ke abhilekh aankit haian
| nagar | vivaran |
|---|---|
| patana | yah bihar pradesh ki rajadhani hai. ajatashatru ke putr udayabhadr ne 444 - 460 ee. poo. mean pataliputr ki sthapana ki thi aur use apani rajadhani banaya tha. patana mean aitihasik sthal, sikhoan ke dasavean guru ka janm sthal pramukh darshaniy sthal haian. |
| rajagir | rajagir garm jharanoan ke lie jana jata hai. shitakal mean bhraman aur svasthy ke lie uttam hai. yahaan pratham vishhv bauddh sangiti ka ayojan hua tha. yahaan jain v hinduoan ke anek pavitr dharmik sthal haian. |
| nalanda | prachinakal mean nalanda vishhvavidyalay tha, jahaan desh-videsh ke chhatr shiksha ke lie ate the. ajakal isake avashesh dikhalaee dete haian. |
| gaya | gaya hinduoan ka mahattvapoorn tirth sthal hai. yahaan poorvajoan ki atma ki shanti ke lie pindadan kiya jata hai. bhagavan shri ramachandr ne apane pita dasharath ka pindadan yahaan kiya tha. |
| baksar | baksar mean guru vishvamitr ka ashram tha. yahian par ram aur lakshman ka prarambhik shikshan-prashikshan hua. prasiddh ta daka rakshasi ka vadh ram dvara yahian pa kiya gaya tha. 1764 ee. ka 'baksar yuddh' bhi itihas prasiddh hai. |
| maner | maner bihar pradesh ki rajadhani patana se 29 kilomitar ki doori par hai. yahaan shahadaulat aur shekh yahiya maneri ke maqabare haian. |
| madhubani | madhubani nagar madhubani chitrakala ke lie prakhyat hai. 2003 ee. mean landan mean ayojit kala pradarshani mean madhubani peantiangs ko bahut prashansa mili thi. |
| muanger | muanger mean aitihasik qila hai. yahian par prasiddh yog vishhvavidyalay bhi hai. prachin aang samrajy ka muanger pramukh kendr tha. |
| sonapur | sonapur mean kartik mah mean eshiya ka sabase b da pashu mela lagata hai. sonapur mean prasiddh aitihasik hariharanath ji ka mandir hai. |
| vaishali | chhathi sadi ee. poo. mean vaishali nagar ganatantr tha. vaishali vishhv ke prachinatam ganatantr ke lie prasiddh hai. prasiddh jain tirthankar mahavir ka janm sthal hai. |
| valmiki nagar | yah sthan valmiki rrishi ke janm sthal ke lie prasiddh hai. prachin kal mean valmiki rrishi ka ashram yahaan tha. valmiki nagar mean ek prasiddh abhayarany bhi hai. |
| vikramashila | vikramashila bhagalapur zile mean ganga ke tat par sthit hai. prachin samay mean vikhyat vikramashila vishhvavidyalay tha. usake aitihasik avashesh ab bhi yahaan haian. |
| jiradeyoo | jiradehyoo bharat ke pratham rashtrapati d aau. rajendr prasad ka janm sthal hai. |
| sasaram | soor vansh ke sansthapak aphagan shasak sherashah soori ka maqabara sasaram mean hai aur desh ka prasiddh 'graand trank rod' bhi isi shahar se hokar gujarata hai. |
| sitamadhi | sitamadhi hinduoan ka pramukh tirth sthal hai. sitamadhi ke poonaura namak sthan par jab raja janak ne khet mean hal jota tha, us samay dharati se sita ka janm hua tha. sita ji ke janm ke karan is nagar ka nam sitamadhi p da. |
| visapi | yah sthan madhubani / darabhanga zile mean hai. visapi mean maithili kavi vidyapati ka janm hua tha. |
| pavapuri | pavapuri patana se 104 kilomitar aur nalanda se 25 kimi doori par sthit hai. yahian jain dharm ke pravartak mahavir ji ne nirvan prapt kiya tha. yahaan ka jal mandir, maniyar math tatha venuvan darshaniy sthal haian. |
| barauni | barauni uttari bihar ka pramukh audyogik nagar hai. yahaan tel shodhan karakhana, ganga par s dak aur rel pul hai. |
| bhagalapur | bhagalapur bihar ke aitihasik nagaroan mean se ek hai. bhagalapur vishhvavidyalay yahaan ka pramukh shiksha kendr haian. barari ki guphaean darshaniy haian. vishnu mandir, shiv mandir prasiddh hai . yahaan 'tasar resham' ka utpadan hota hai. |
| ara | ara patana se 32 mil ki doori par hai. ara ke darshaniy sthaloan mean arany devi, madhiya ka ram mandir prasiddh hai. |
| katihar | katihar zile mean barari guru bazar ka gurudvara prasiddh hai. sikhoan ke navean guru tegabahadur dvara langar ka ayojan kiya gaya tha. salamari steshan ke pas shiv ji ka gorakhanath mandir, rani indravati ki rajadhani sauriya prasiddh haian. |
| bihar sharif | bihar sharif patana se 85 kilomitar ki door dakshin-poorv mean hai. yah muslim sanskriti ka pramukh kendr hai . yahaan makhadoom sahab ki daragah tatha malik ibrahim vayaan ka maqabara hai. |
| poorniya | poorniya mahabharat kalin dharm-sthal tha. yah uttar-poorvi bihar mean hai. yahaan se nepal jane ka rasta hai. banabhakhi ke sikaligadh prachin garimapoorn sthal hai. |
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vithika
- chitr:Mahabodhi-Temple-1.jpg
mahabodhi mandir, bodhagaya, bihar
- chitr:Mahabodhi-Temple-2.jpg
mahabodhi mandir, bodhagaya, bihar
- chitr:Buddha-Statue-Bodhgaya-Bihar-2.jpg
buddh pratima, bodhagaya, bihar
tika tippani aur sandarbh
sanbandhit lekh
