भीष्म

[[chitr:Bhishma1.jpg|mahabharat yuddh mean krishna ki pratijna bhang karavate hue
Disrupting Lord Krishna's Pledge In The War Of Mahabharat|thumb|300px]] bhishm mahabharat ke pramukh patroan mean se ek haian . ye maharaja shaantanu ke putr the . apane pita ko diye gaye vachan ke karan inhoanne ajivan brahmachary ka vrat liya tha . inhean ichchhamrityu ka varadan prapt tha.

bhishm ka parichay

ek bar hastinapur ke maharaj pratip ganga ke kinare tapasya kar rahe the. unake roop-saundary se mohit ho kar devi ganga unaki dahini jaangh par akar baith geean. maharaj yah dekh kar ashchary mean p d gaye tab ganga ne kaha, 'he rajanh! maian jahnu rrishi ki putri ganga hooan aur apase vivah karane ki abhilasha le kar apake pas aee hooan.' is par maharaj pratip bole, 'gange! tum meri dahini jaangh par baithi ho. patni ko to vamaangi hona chahiye, dahini jaangh to putr ka pratik hai atah maian tumhean apane putravadhoo ke roop mean svikar karata hooan.' yah sun kar ganga vahaan se chali geean.

ab maharaj pratip ne putr prapti ke liye ghor tap karana arambh kar diya. unake tap ke phalasvaroop unhean putr ki prapti huee jisaka nam unhoanne shantanu rakha. shantanu ke yuva hone par use ganga ke sath vivah karane ka adesh de maharaj pratip svarg chale gaye. pita ke adesh ka palan karane ke liye shantanu ne ganga ke pas jakar unase vivah karane ke liye nivedan kiya. ganga bolian, “rajanh! maian apake sath vivah to kar sakati hooan kintu apako vachan dena hoga ki ap mere kisi bhi kary mean hastakshep nahian kareange.” shantanu ne ganga ke kahe anusar vachan de kar unase vivah kar liya. ganga ke garbh se maharaj shantanu ke ath putr huye jinamean se sat ko ganga ne ganga nadi mean le ja kar baha diya aur apane diye huye vachan mean bandhe hone ke karan maharaj shantanu kuchh bol n sake. jab ganga ka athavaan putr hua aur vah use bhi nadi mean bahane ke liye le jane lagi to raja shantanu se raha n gaya aur ve bole, “gange! tumane mere sat putroan ko nadi mean baha diya kintu apani pratijna ke anusar maianne kuchh n kaha. ab tum mere is athavean putr ko bhi bahane ja rahi ho. maian tumase prarthana karata hooan ki kripa karake ise nadi mean mat bahao.” yah sun kar ganga ne kaha, “rajanh! apane apani pratijna bhang kar di hai isaliye ab maian apake pas nahian rah sakati.” itana kah kar ganga apane putr ke sath antardhan ho geean. tatpashchat maharaj shantanu ne chhattis varsh brahmachary vrat dharan kar ke vyatit kar diye. phir ek din unhoanne ganga ke kinare ja kar ganga se kaha, “gange! aj meri ichchha us balak ko dekhane ki ho rahi hai jise tum apane sath le gee thian.” ganga ek sundar stri ke roop mean us balak ke sath prakat ho geean aur bolian, “rajanh! yah apaka putr hai tatha isaka nam devavrat hai, ise grahan karo. yah parakrami hone ke sath vidvan bhi hoga. astr vidya mean yah parashuram ke saman hoga.” maharaj shantanu apane putr devavrat ko pakar atyant prasann huye aur use apane sath hastinapur lakar yuvaraj ghoshit kar diya.

bhishm pratijna

ek din maharaj shantanu yamuna ke tat par ghoom rahe the ki unhean nadi mean nav chalate huye ek sundar kanya drishtigat huee. usake aang aang se sugandh nikal rahi thi. maharaj ne us kanya se poochha, “he devi! tum kaun ho?” kanya ne bataya, “maharaj! mera nam satyavati hai aur maian nishad kanya hooan.” maharaj usake roop yauvan par rijh kar tatkal usake pita ke pas pahuanche aur satyavati ke sath apane vivah ka prastav kiya. is par dhianvar (nishad) bola, “rajanh! mujhe apani kanya ka apake sath vivah karane mean koee apatti nahian hai parantu apako meri kanya ke garbh se utpann putr ko hi apane rajy ka uttaradhikari banana hoga..” nishad ke in vachanoan ko sun kar maharaj shantanu chupachap hastinapur laut aye. [[chitr:Bhishma2.jpg|mahabharat yuddh mean shar shaiya par
Lying On Dart Bed In The War Of Mahabharat|thumb|300px]] satyavati ke viyog mean maharaj shantanu vyakul rahane lage. unaka sharir durbal hone laga. maharaj ki is dasha ko dekh kar devavrat ko b di chianta huee. jab unhean mantriyoan ke dvara pita ki is prakar ki dasha hone ka karan jnat hua to ve tatkal samast mantriyoan ke sath nishad ke ghar ja pahuanche aur unhoanne nishad se kaha, “he nishad! ap saharsh apani putri satyavati ka vivah mere pita shantanu ke sath kar dean. maian apako vachan deta hooan ki apaki putri ke garbh se jo balak janm lega vahi rajy ka uttaradhikari hoga. kalantar mean meri koee santan apaki putri ke santan ka adhikar chhin n paye is karan se maian pratijna karata hooan ki maian ajanm avivahit rahooanga.” unaki is pratijna ko sun kar nishad ne hath jo d kar kaha, “he devavrat! apaki yah pratijna abhootapoorv hai.” itana kah kar nishad ne tatkal apani putri satyavati ko devavrat tatha unake mantriyoan ke sath hastinapur bhej diya.

devavrat ne apani mata satyavati ko lakar apane pita shantanu ko sauanp diya. pita ne prasann hokar putr se kaha, “vats! toone pitribhakti ke vashibhoot hokar aisi pratijna ki hai jaisi ki n aj tak kisi ne kiya hai aur n bhavishy mean karega. maian tujhe varadan deta hooan ki teri mrityu teri ichchha se hi hogi. teri is prakar ki pratijna karane ke karan too bhishm kahalayega aur teri pratijna bhishm pratijna ke nam se sadaiv prakhyat rahegi.”

kartavyaparayan

satyavati ke garbh se maharaj shantanu ko chitraangad aur vichitraviry nam ke do putr hue. maharaj ki mrityu ke bad chitraangad raja banaye gaye, kiantu gandharvoan ke sath yuddh mean unaki mrityu ho gayi. vichitraviry abhi balak the. unhean sianhasan par asin karake bhishm ji rajy ka kary dekhane lage. vichitraviry ke yuva hone par unake vivah ke liye kashiraj ki tin kanyaoan ka balapoorvak haran karake bhishmaji ne sansar ko apane astr-kaushal ka pratham parichay diya.

kashinaresh ki b di kanya amba shalv se prem karati thi, at: bhishm ne use vapas bhej diya kiantu shalv ne use svikar nahian kiya. amba ne apani durdasha ka karan bhishm ko samajhakar unaki shikayat parashuramaji se ki . parashuramaji ne bhishm se kaha ki 'tumane amba ka balapoorvak apaharan kiya hai, at: tumhean isase vivah karana hoga, anyatha mujhase yuddh ke liye taiyar ho jao.' parashuramaji se bhishm ka ikkis dinoan tak bhayanak yuddh hua. ant mean rrishiyoan ke kahane par lokakalyan ke liye parashuramaji ko hi yuddh-viram karana p da. bhishm apane pran par atal rahe.

senanayak

mahabharat ke yuddh mean bhishm ko kauravpaksh ke pratham senanayak hone ka gaurav prapt hua. is yuddh mean bhagavan shrikrishna ne shastr n grahan karane ki pratijna ki thi. ek din bhishm ne bhagavan ko shastr grahan karane ki pratijna kar li. inhoanne arjun ko apani ban-varsha se vyakul kar diya. bhaktavatsal bhagavan ne bhakt ke pran ki raksha ke liye apani pratijna ko bhang kar diya aur rath ka toota hua pahiya lekar bhishm ki or dau d p de. bhishm bhagavan ki is bhaktavatsalata par mugdh ho gaye.

sharir ka tyag

atharah dinoan ke yuddh mean das dinoan tak akele ghamasan yuddh karake bhishm ne pandav paksh ko vyakul kar diya aur ant mean shikhandi ke madhyam se apani mrityu ka upay svayan batakar mahabharat ke is adbhut yoddha ne sharashayya par shayan kiya. shastr aur shastr ke is soory ko ast hote hue dekhakar bhagavan shrikrishna ne inake madhyam se yudhishthir ko dharm ke samast aangoan ka upadesh dilavaya. soory ke uttarayan hone par pitambaradhari shrikrishna ki chhavi ko apani aankhoan mean basakar mahatma bhishm ne apane nashvar sharir ka tyag kiya.

sanbandhit lekh

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