कहानी

[[chitr:Sanskrit panchatantra 11.png|thumb|sanskrit mean rachit panchatantr]] kahani hindi sahity mean gady lekhan ki ek vidha hai. unnisavian sadi mean gady sahity mean ek nee vidha ka vikas hua jise kahani ke nam se jana gaya. bangala mean ise galp kaha jata hai. kahani gady katha sahity ka ek anyatam bhed tatha upanyas se bhi adhik lokapriy sahity ka roop hai. manushy ke janm ke sath hi sath kahani ka bhi janm hua aur kahani kahana tatha sunana manav ka adim svabhav ban gaya. isi karan se pratyek sabhy tatha asabhy samaj mean kahaniyaan paee jati haian. hamare desh mean kahaniyoan ki b di lanbi aur sampann paranpara rahi hai. vedoan, upanishadoan mean varnit 'yam-yami', 'pururava-urvashi', 'saupanian-kadrav', 'sanatkumar- narad', 'gangavataran', 'shrriang', 'nahush', 'yayati', 'shakuntala', 'nal-damayanti' jaise akhyan kahani ke hi prachin roop haian.

kahani ki paribhasha

amerika ke kavi-alochak-kathakar 'edagar elin po' ke anusar kahani ki paribhasha is prakar paribhashit kiya ja sakata hai-

"kahani vah chhoti akhyanatmak rachana hai, jise ek baithak mean padha ja sake, jo pathak par ek samanvit prabhav utpann karane ke liye likhi gee ho, jisamean us prabhav ko utpann karane mean sahayak tatvoan ke atirikh‍t aur kuchh n ho aur jo apane ap mean poorn ho."

bharat ke upanyas samrat 'premachand' ne kahani ke pramukh lakshanoan ko batate hue usaki paribhasha ki hai. unhoanne likha hai

"kahani vah dhrupad ki tan hai, jisamean gayak mahaphil shuroo hote hi apani sanpoorn pratibha dikha deta hai, ek kshan mean chitt ko itane madhury se paripoorn kar deta hai, jitana rat bhar gana sunane se bhi nahian ho sakata."

[[chitr:Mansarovar-Part-1.jpg|thumb|manasarovar, premachand ki kahaniyoan ka sankalan]] hindi ke lekhakoan mean premachand pahale vyakti haian jinhoanne apane tin lekhoan mean kahani ke sambandh mean apane vichar vyakt kie haian – ‘kahani (galp) ek rachana hai jisamean jivan ke kisi ek aang ya kisi ek manobhav ko pradarshit karana hi lekhak ka uddeshy rahata hai. usake charitr, usaki shaili, usaka katha-vinyas, sab usi ek bhav ko pusht karate haian. upanyas ki bhaanti usamean manav-jivan ka sanpoorn tatha brihat roop dikhane ka prayas nahian kiya jata. vah aisa ramaniy udyan nahian jisamean bhaanti-bhaanti ke phool, bel-boote saje hue haian, balki ek gamala hai jisamean ek hi paudhe ka madhury apane samunnat roop mean drishtigochar hota hai.’ kahani ki aur bhi paribhashaean uddhrit ki ja sakati haian. par kisi bhi sahityik vidha ko vaijnanik paribhasha mean nahian baandha ja sakata, kyoanki sahity mean vijnan ki sunishchitata nahian hoti. isalie usaki jo bhi paribhasha di jaegi vah adhoori hogi.

upanyas aur kahani

kahani akar mean upanyas se chhoti hoti hai, lekin akar mean chhota hona bhar kahani ko kahani nahian bana sakata. upanyas ka koee adhyay kahani nahian ho sakata aur n kahani upanyas ka koee adhyay. at: kahani upanyas ki jati ki hote hue bhi svatantr vidha hai. usake chhote hone ke karan lekhak ki prerana aur grahan ki gee jivan ki samagri mean nihit sanbhavana hoti hai. upanyas mean jahaan jivan ki sampoornata lekhak ka sarokar hai vahaan kahani mean koee ek bhav, ghatana ya charitr ka koee ek marmik prasang ka varnan hota hai. upanyas ki tarah jivan ke vibhinn prasangoan ko kholate-gooanthate hue vistar karane ki svatantrata kahani mean nahian hoti. kahani ki moolabhoot visheshata ko premachand ne bataya hai. unaka kahana hai ki-

jab tak ve kisi ghatana ya charitr mean koee dramaee pahaloo nahian pahachan lete tab tak kahani nahian likhate.

bharatakosh par upalabdh kahaniyaan

shreni vriksh ▼ kahani ► panchatantr ki kahaniyaan ► bal kahani ► vetal pachchisi ► sianhasan battisi ► hitopadesh ki kahaniyaan

lekh soochi ▼ kahani   aandhere mean (kahani) -gajanan madhav muktibodh   aqlamand hans   agni samadhi -premachand   aghori ka moh -jayashankar prasad   adhikar chinta- premachand   anabola -jayashankar prasad   anamol bheant -ravindr nath taigor   anath -ravindr nath taigor   anisht shanka -premachand   anubhav -premachand   antim pyar se -ravindr nath taigor   aparadhi -jayashankar prasad   aparichita -ravindr nath taigor   abhilasha -premachand   amavasya ki ratri- premachand   amit smriti -jayashankar prasad   alagyojha -premachand   avaguanthan -ravindr nath taigor   ashok -jayashankar prasad   aandhi -jayashankar prasad   aansuoan ki holi -premachand   akashadip -jayashankar prasad   akhiri hila -premachand   aga-pichha -premachand   atm-sangit -premachand   atmaram -premachand   adhar -premachand   apabiti- premachand   apas ki phoot   abhooshan- premachand   ahuti- premachand   iandrajal -jayashankar prasad   istipha -premachand   eedagah -premachand   eeshvariy nyay 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premachand   dand -premachand   daphtari -premachand   darogaji -premachand   das pratinidhi kahaniyaan -mohan rakesh   dan ki mahima   dasi -jayashankar prasad   dil ki rani -premachand   diksha -premachand   dukhiya -jayashankar prasad   duniya ka sabase anamol rath‍n- premachand   durga ka mandir -premachand   dushman ka svarth   dusht sarp   dussahas -premachand   doodh ka dam -premachand   devadasi -jayashankar prasad   devarath -jayashankar prasad   do kabrean -premachand   do bahanean- premachand   do bailoan ki katha -premachand   do bhaee -premachand   do sakhiyaan -premachand   dhan ki bheant -ravindr nath taigor   dharmasankat -premachand   dhikkar (1) -premachand   dhikkar (2) -premachand   dhoort gid d aur hathi ki kahani   dhokha- premachand   dhobi, dhoban, gadha aur kutte ki kahani   nee roshani -ravindr nath taigor   nakal karana bura hai   namak ka daroga -premachand   naya vivah -premachand   narak ka marg -premachand   nasha -premachand   nagapooja -premachand   nimantran -premachand   nirvasan -premachand   nira -jayashankar prasad   nil se range hue ek gid d ki kahani   noori -jayashankar prasad   neoor -premachand   nairashy -premachand   nairashy lila -premachand   panch-parameshh‍var -premachand   panchatantr   panchayat -jayashankar prasad   pakshi aur dimak -gajanan madhav muktibodh   pakshi aur bandaroan ki kahani   pachhatava- premachand   pandit moteram ki dayari- premachand   patthar ki pukar -jayashankar prasad   patni ka patr -ravindr nath taigor   path‍ni se pati -premachand   parivartan -jayashankar prasad   pariksha-1 -premachand   pariksha-2 -premachand