bharat manachitr
|
vishesh alekh
- 'bharat rathn uchhchatam nagarik samhman hai, jo kala, sahithy, vijnan, rajanitijn, vicharak, vaijnanik, udyogapati, lekhak aur samajasevi ko asadharan seva ke lie tatha uchch lok seva ko manhyata dene ke lie bharat sarakar ki or se diya jata hai.
- is purashkar ke roop mean die jane vale samhman ki mool roop - rekha 35 milimitar vhyas vala golakar shvarn padak hai jis par soory aur oopar hindi bhasha mean bharat rathn aur niche ek phooloan ka guladashta bana hota hai.
- yah puraskar 2 janavari 1954 ko prarambh kiya gaya tha. yah puraskar bharat ke pratham rashtrapati d aauktar rajendr prasad dvara ghoshit kiya gaya tha.
- bharat ratn 26 janavari ko bharat ke rashtrapati dvara diya jata hai. sabase pahala purashkar prasiddh vaijnanik chandrashekhar veankataraman ko diya gaya tha.
- ab tak 41 logoan ko bharat ratn se sammanit kiya gaya hai. .... aur padhean
|
chayanit lekh
- rashtriy pashu 'bagh' pile rangoan aur dharidar lomacharm vala ek pashu hai. rajasi bagh, teandua, taigris dharidar janavar hai. apani shalinata, dridhata, phurti aur apar shakti ke lie bagh ko 'rashtriy pashu' kahalane ka gaurav prapt hai.
- isaki ath prajatiyoan mean se bharat mean paee jane vali prajati ko ‘r aauyal bangal taigar’ ke nam se jana jata hai. uttar-pashchim bharat ko chho dakar baki sare deshoan mean yah prajati payi jati hai.
- bharat ke atirikt yah nepal, bhootan aur baangladesh jaise p dosi deshoan mean bhi paya jata hai.
- varsh 2010 mean 'varld vaid fand f aaur nechar' ne baghoan ki abadi mahaj 3,500 bataee. isake pahale dablyoo.dablyoo.eph. ne duniya bhar mean baghoan ki sankhya 4000 ke lagabhag bataee thi.
- khatm hote jangal aur shikariyoan par aankush n hone se rashtriy pashu aur jangal ke raja bagh ki sankhya lagatar kam hoti ja rahi hai. desh ke sabhi abhayarany mean lagatar inaki sankhya kam hoti ja rahi hai. adhikarik aank doan ke anusar bisavian sadi ke shuroo mean desh mean 40 hazar se zyada bagh the.
- baghoan ki is tarah girati sankhya par kendr sarakar ne 1973 mean 'nau taigar rizarv' ilaqoan mean 'bagh bachao yojana' shuroo ki. isamean uttar pradesh tatha ab uttarakhand ka jim karbet bagh sanrakshit van kshetr bhi shamil tha.
- vany jivoan ke lie kam karane valoan ka manana hai ki sal 2025 tak baghoan ke vilupt ho jane ka khatara hai. baghoan ki kul abadi ke 40 fisadi bagh bharat mean pae jate haian. bharat ke 17 pradeshoan mean baghoan ke 23 sanrakshit kshetr haian. .... aur padhean
|
chayanit lekh
- rashhtriy jaliy jiv ganga d aaulfin sabhi deshoan ke nadiyoan ke jal, mukhyatah ganga nadi mean tatha siandhu nadi d aaulfin, pakistan ke siandhu nadi ke jal mean paee jati hai.
- varsh 2005 se vishv prakriti nidhi aur seviyars sanstha ne d aaulfin ko bachane ki muhim chalaee hai. isi muhim ke tahat sarakar ne 5 aktoobar, 2009 ko d aaulfin ko bharat ka rashtriy jaliy jiv ghoshit kiya hai.
- yah shtanadhari jiv pavitr ganga nadi ki shuddhata ko bhi prakat karata hai, khyoanki yah keval shuddh aur mithe pani mean hi jivit rah sakata hai. inhhean am taur par susu kaha jata hai khyoanki yah saans lete samay aisi hi avaz nikalati hai.
- ganga nadi mean paee jane vali d aaulfin bharat ki ek mahathvapoorn sankatapanhn prajati hai aur isalie ise vanhy jivan sanrakshan adhiniyam, 1972 mean shamil kiya gaya hai.
- ganga nadi mean paee jane vali ganga d aaulfin ek netrahin jaliy jiv hai jisaki ghran shakti atyant tivr hoti hai. vilupt pray is jiv ki vartaman mean bharat mean 2000 se bhi kam sankhya rah gayi hai jisaka mukhy karan ganga ka badhata pradooshan, baandhoan ka nirman evan shikar hai.
- inaka shikar mukhyatah tel ke lie kiya jata hai jise any machhaliyoan ko pak dane ke lie chare ke roop mean prayog kiya jata hai. is samay uttar pradesh ke narora aur bihar ke patana sahib ke bahut tho de se kshetr mean ganga d aaulfin bachi haian.
- yah prachin jiv qarib 10 karo d sal se bharat mean maujood hai. yah machhali nahian darasal ek stanadhari jiv hai. mada ki ausat lambaee nar d aaulfin se adhik hoti hai. isaki ausat ayu 28 varsh rikard ki gayi hai. .... aur padhean
|
bharat- ek jhalak
aank de ek jhalak
kshetraphal
|
32,87,263 varg kimi.[1]
|
-bhoomadhy rekha se doori [2]
|
876 kimi
|
-poorv se pashchim lanbaee
|
2,933 kimi
|
-uttar se dakshin lanbaee
|
3,214 kimi
|
-pradeshik jal sima ki chau daee
|
samudr tat se 12 samudri mil tak.
|
-ekantik arthik kshetr
|
sanlagn kshetr se age 200 samudri mil tak.
|
|
sima
|
7 desh aur 2 mahasagar[3]
|
-samudri sima[4]
|
7516.5 kimi
|
-prakritik bhag
|
(1) uttar ka parvatiy pradesh (2) uttar ka vishal maidan (3) dakshin ka prayadvipiy pathar (4) samudr tatiy maidan tatha (5) thar marusthal
|
-sthaliy sima[5]
|
15,200 kimi
|
|
rajy
|
29
|
-sanghashasit kshetr[6]
|
7
|
-ziloan ki sankhya
|
640[7]
|
-upaziloan ki sankhya
|
5,470
|
-sabase b da zila
|
laddakh (jammoo-kashmir, kshetraphal 82,665 varg kimi.).
|
-sabase chhota zila
|
thaubॅl (manipur, kshetraphal- 507 varg kimi.).
|
-dvipoan ki kul sankhya
|
247 [8]
|
-tatarekha se lage rajy
|
gujarat, maharashtr, gova, karnatak, keral, tamilanadu, aandhr pradesh, u disa aur pashchim bangal.
|
-kendrashasit pradesh (tatarekha)
|
daman v div, dadara evan nagar haveli, lakshadvip, paandicheri tatha aandaman evan nikobar dvip samooh.
|
-kark rekha [9]
|
gujarat, rajasthan, madhyapradesh, chhattisagadh, jharakhand, pashchim bangal, tripura tatha mizoram.
|
-pramukh nagar
|
mumbee, nee dilli, kolakata, chennee, beangalor, haidarabad, tiruanantapuram, sikandarabad, kanapur, ahamadabad, jayapur, jodhapur, amritasar, chanhdigadh, shrinagar, jammoo, shimala, disapur, itanagar, kochin, agara adi.
|
-rajadhani
|
nee dilli.
|
-parvatiy paryatan
|
almo da, nainital, lainsadaun, gadhamukteshvar, masoori, kasauli, shimala, kulloo ghati, dalahauzi, shrinagar, gulabarg, sonamarg, amaranath, pahalagam, darjiliang, kalianpoang, raanchi, shilaang, kuanjur, ootakamand (ooti), mahabaleshvar, panchamadhi, maunt aboo.
|
-pratham shreni ke nagaroan ki sankhya
|
300
|
-dvitiy shreni ke nagaroan ki sankhya
|
345
|
-tritiy shreni ke nagaroan ki sankhya
|
947
|
-chaturth shreni ke nagaroan ki sankhya
|
1,167
|
-pancham shreni ke nagaroan ki sankhya
|
740
|
-shashtham shreni ke nagaroan ki sankhya
|
197
|
-kul nagaroan ki sankhya
|
5,161
|
-sarvadhik nagaroan vala rajy
|
uttar pradesh (704 nagar)
|
-sabase kam nagar vala rajy
|
meghalay (7 nagar)
|
-sarvadhik nagariy janasankhya vala rajy
|
uttar pradesh (3,45,39,582), mizoram (45.10%)
|
-sabase kam nagariy janasankhya vala rajy
|
sikkim (59,870), himachal pradesh (8.69%)
|
-sanghashasit kshetr sarvadhik janasankhya[10]
|
dilli 89.93%
|
-sangh shasit kshetr kam janasankhya [11]
|
dadara tatha nagar haveli (8.47%)
|
-sanghashasit kshetr (sabase b da)[12]
|
aandaman evan nikobar dvipasamooh (8,293 varg kimi.)
|
-sabase chhota sangh shasit kshetr
|
lakshadvip (32 varg kimi.)
|
-shaharoan ki sankhya
|
5,161
|
-gaanvoan ki sankhya
|
6,38,588
|
-abad gaanvoan ki sankhya
|
5,93,732
|
-gair-abad gaanvoan ki sankhya
|
44,856
|
-samudrik matsyayan ka pramukh kshetr
|
pashchimi tat (75% tatha poorvi tat (25%) [13]
|
-sabase b da rajy (kshetraphal)
|
rajasthan (3,42,239 varg kimi.)
|
-sabase chhota rajy
|
gova (3,702 varg kimi.)
|
|
bhoogol
|
-pramukh parvat
|
himalay, karakoram, shivalik, aravali, pashchimi ghat, poorvi ghat, vindhyachal, satapu da, annamalaee, nilagiri, palani, nallamala, maikal, ilayachi.
|
-pramukh nadiyaan
|
sindhu, satalaj, brahmaputr, ganga, yamuna, godavari, damodar, narmada, tapti, krishnaa, kaveri, mahanadi, ghaghara, gomati, ramaganga, chambal adi.
|
-parvat shikhar
|
gadavin astin ya maunt ke 2 (8,611 mi.), kanchanajangha (8,598 mi.), nanga parvat (8,126 mi.), nandadevi (7,717 mi.), kamet (7,756 mi.), makaloo (8,078 mi.), annapoorna (8,078 mi.), manasaloo (8,156 mi.), badrinath, kedaranath, trishool, mana, gangotri, gurushikhar, mahendragiri, anaeemudi adi.
|
-jhil
|
dal, vular, naini, satatal, nagin, saanbhar, didavana, chilka, husain sagar, vembanad adi.
|
-jalavayu
|
manasooni
|
-vanakshetr
|
750 lakh hekteyar [14]
|
-pramukh mittiyaan
|
jalodh, kali, lal, pili, laiterait, marusthaliy, parvatiy, namakin evan pit tatha daladali.
|
-sianchaee [15]
|
naharean (40.0%) kuean (37.8%), talab (14.5%) tatha any (7.7%).
|
-krishi ke prakar
|
tar kheti [16], ardr kheti [17], jhoom krishi [18] tatha parvatiy krishi [19].
|
-khadyann fasalean
|
chaval, gehooan, jvar, bajara, ragi, jau adi.
|
-naqadi fasalean
|
ganna, chay, kafi, rab d, nariyal, phal evan sabjiyaan, dalean, tambakoo, kapas tatha tilahani fasalean.
|
-khanij sansadhan
|
lauh ayask, koyala, maianganij, abhrak, b aauksait, choonapatthar, yooreniyam, sona, chaandi, hira, khanij tel adi.
|
|
janasankhya
|
1,21,01,93,422 (2011)
|
-purush janasankhya
|
62.37 karo d
|
-mahila janasankhya
|
58.64 karo d
|
-anusoochit jati [20]
|
16,66,35,700 (kul janasankhya ka 16.2%)
|
-anusoochit janajati [21]
|
8,43,26,240 (kul janasankhya ka 8.2%)
|
-pramukh janajatiyaan
|
gaddi, gujjar, tharoo, bhotiya, mipuri, riyana, lepcha, mina, bhil, garasiya, koli, mahadevi, koankana, santhal, muanda, uraanv, baiga, koya, goand adi.
|
-vishv mean sthan (janasankhya)
|
doosara
|
-vishv janasankhya ka pratishat
|
16.87%
|
-janasankhya ghanatv
|
393 vyakti prati varg kimi
|
-janasankhya vriddhi dar (dashak)
|
ausat varshik ghataanki vriddhi dar varsh 2001-2011 ke dauran 1.64 pratishat hai.
|
-ausat vriddhi dar [22]
|
1.95%
|
-lianganupat ♀/♂
|
940 : 1000
|
-raj bhasha
|
hindi [23]
|
-prati vyakti ay
|
1,00,205 rupaye (2013)
|
|
arthavyavastha
|
-niryat ki vastuean
|
ianjiniyari upakaran, masale, tambakoo, cham de ka saman, chay, lauh ayask adi.
|
-ayat ki vastuean
|
rasayan, mashinari, upakaran, urvarak, khanij tel adi.
|
-vyapar sahayogi
|
sanyukt rajy amerika, briten, naye rashtroan ke rashtrakul (si.aee.es.) ke desh, japan, itali, jarmani, poorvi yooropiy desh.
|
-rashtriyakrit baiankoan ki sankhya
|
27
|
-telashodhanashalaoan ki sankhya
|
13
|
-kul udyamoan ki sankhya
|
4,212 karo d (krishi mean sanlagn udyamoan ke atirikt)
|
-udyam (gramin kshetr)
|
2,581 karo d (krishi mean sanlagn udyamoan ke atirikt)
|
-udyam (shahari kshetr)
|
1,631 karo d (38.7%).
|
-krishi kary ka pratishat [24]
|
15%
|
-gair-krishi kary ka pratishat [25]
|
85%
|
-udyam (10 ya adhik kamagar)
|
5.83 lakh [26]
|
-sarvadhik udyam (paanch rajy)
|
tamilanadu-4446999 (10.56%), maharashtr- 4374764 (10.39%), pashchim bangal- 4285688 (10.17%), aandhr pradesh- 4023411 (9.55%), uttar pradesh- 4015926 (9.53%).
|
-sarvadhik udyam (kendr shasit)
|
dilli-753795(1.79%), chandigadh- 65906 (0.16%), pandicheri-49915 (0.12%).
|
-pramukh udyog
|
lauh-ispat, jalayan nirman, motar vahan, saikil, sootivastr, ooni vastr, reshami vastr, vayuyan, urvarak, davaean evan aushadhiyaan, relave ianjan, rel ke dibbe, joot, kagaz, chini, siment, matsyayan, cham da udyog, shisha, bhari evan halke rasayanik udyog tatha rab d udyog.
|
-b de bandaragahoan ki sankhya
|
12 b de evan 139 chhote bandaragah.
|
-pramukh bandaragah
|
mumbee, nhava sheva, kalakatta, haldiya, gova, kochin, kaandala, chennee, nyoo mangalor, tootikorin, vishakhapatanam, majhagaanv, aleppi, bhatakal, bhavanagar, kalikat, kakinada, kudaloor, dhanushakodi, paradvip, gopalapur.
|
-pashchimi tat pramukh bandaragah
|
kaandala, muanbee, marmugaoan, nyoo mangalaur, kochin aur javaharalal neharoo
|
-poorvi tat ke pramukh bandaragah
|
tootikorin, chennee, vishakhapattanam, paradip aur kolakata- haldiya.
|
-purana bandaragah (poorvi tat)
|
chennee
|
-sabase gahara bandaragah
|
vishakhapattanam
|
-karyashil vyaktiyoan ki sankhya
|
31.5 karo d, mukhy shramik- 28.5 karo d, simant shramik- 3,0 karo d
|
-taje jal ki machhaliyaan
|
s aau-phish, laivaphish, phaidarabaiank, eankavi, eel, bata, reva, tor, chitala, katala, miangal, milkaphish, karp, parlashat adi.
|
|
parivahan
|
-jal parivahan
|
kolakata (kendriy antardeshiy jal parivahan nigam ka mukhyalay)
|
-s dak marg ki kul lambaee
|
33,19,664 kimi.
|
-rashtriy rajamargoan ki sankhya
|
sankhyanusar 109 jabaki kul 143 (lagabhag 19 nirmanadhin).
|
-rashtriy rajamargoan ki kul lambaee
|
66,590 kimi.
|
-sabase lamba rashtriy rajamarg
|
rajamarg sankhya 7 (lanbaee- 2369 kimi varanasi se kanyakumari)
|
-rashtriy rajamarg (svarn chaturbhuj)
|
5,846 kimi (yojana ke aantargat shamil rashtriy rajamargoan ki kul lambaee)
|
-rashtriy rajamarg (uttar-dakshin k aaurid aaur)
|
7,300 kimi (yojana aantargat shamil rashtriy rajamargoan ki kul lambaee)
|
-relamarg
|
63,465 kimi.
|
-relave parimandaloan ki sankhya
|
16
|
-sabase b da relave parimandal
|
uttar relave (11,023 kimi., mukhyalay- nee dilli)
|
-relave steshanoan ki sankhya
|
lagabhag 7,133 (31 march, 2006 tak)
|
-rel yatriyoan ki sankhya
|
50,927 lakh pratidin (2002-03)
|
-rel ianjanoan ki sankhya</ref>
|
8,025 (march, 2006).
|
-rel savari dibboan ki sankhya
|
42,570 (2001)
|
-rel mal dibboan ki sankhya
|
2,22,147 (2001)
|
-yatri relaga diyoan ki sankhya
|
44,090
|
-any savari rel ga diyaan
|
5,990
|
-antarrashtriy havaee addoan ki sankhya
|
paanch [27]
|
-mukt akashiy havaee adda
|
gaya (bihar)
|
-prastavit aantarrashtriy havaee adde
|
bangalaur, haidarabad, ahamadabad, gova, amritasar, guvahati evan kochin.
|
|
any
|
-jiv-jantu (anumanit)
|
75,000 jinamean ubhayachar- 2,500, sarisrip- 450, pakshi- 2,000 tatha stanapayi- 850
|
-rashtriy udyan
|
70
|
-vany prani vihar
|
412
|
-prani udyan
|
35
|
-rashtriy pratik
|
rashtradhvaj- tiranga
|
-rajachinh
|
sianhashirsh (saranath)
|
-rashtr gan
|
jan gan man [28]
|
-rashtriy git
|
vande mataramh [29]
|
-rashtriy pashu
|
bagh (paianthar taigris).
|
-rashtriy pakshi
|
mayoor (pavo kristeshas).
|
-svatantrata divas
|
15 agast
|
-ganatantr divas
|
26 janavari
|
|
bharat ganarajy Republic of India
|
|
bharat ka dhvaj
|
bharat ka kulachihn
|
|
rashtravaky: "satyamev jayate" (sanskrit) saty hi vijayi hota hai[30]
|
rashtragan: jan gan man
|
|
rajadhani
|
nee dilli 28° 34′ N 77° 12′ E
|
sabase b de nagar
|
dilli, mumbee, kolakata aur chennee
|
rajabhasha(ean)
|
hindi sangh ki rajabhasha hai, aangrezi "sahayak rajabhasha" hai.
|
any bhashaean
|
baangla, gujarati, kann d, malayalam, marathi aur any
|
sarakar prakar
|
ganarajy draupadi murmoo veankaiya nayadoo om bi dala narendr modi di. vaee. chandrachoo d
|
vidhayika -upari sadan -nichala sadan
|
bharatiy sansad rajy sabha lok sabha
|
svatantrata tithi ganarajy
|
sanyukt rajashahi se 15 agast, 1947 26 janavari, 1950
|
kshetraphal - kul - jaliy (%)
|
32,87,263 kimi² (satavaan) 12,22,559 mil² 9.56
|
janasankhya - 2011 - 2001 janaganana - janasankhya ghanatv
|
1,21,01,93,422[31] (dvitiy) 1,02,70,15,248 382[31]/kimi² (27 vaan) 954[32]/ mil²
|
sakal ghareloo utpad (pipipi) - kul - prativyakti
|
2012 anuman $4,824 arab[33] $3,944[33]
|
sakal ghareloo utpad (saanketik) - kul - prativyakti
|
2012 anuman $1,779 arab[33] $1,454[33]
|
manav vikas sanketaank (echadiaee)
|
0.547 (134 vian) – madhyam
|
mudra
|
bharatiy rupaya 14px (aienar (INR) )
|
samay mandal - grishm rritu (delait seviang taim)
|
aiesati (IST) (UTC+5:30) anusaran nahian kiya jata (UTC+5:30)
|
iantaranet tieladi
|
.in
|
vahan chalate haian
|
baean
|
doorabhash kod
|
++91
|
any mahatvapoorn janakari
|
simaoan mean sthit desh
|
uttar pashchim mean afaganistan aur pakistan, uttar mean bhootan aur nepal; poorab mean myaanmar, baangladesh. shrilanka bharat se samudr ke sankirn nahar dvara alag kiya jata hai jo palk stret aur mannar ki kha di dvara nirmit hai.
|
samudr tat
|
7,516.6 kilomitar jisamean mukhy bhoomi, lakshadvip aur andaman aur nikobar dvipasamooh shamil haian.
|
jalavayu
|
sardi (disambar-faravari); garmi (march-joon); dakshin pashchim manasoon ka mausam (joon-sitambar); manasoon pashch mausam (aktoobar-navambar)
|
bhoo-bhag
|
mukhy bhoomi mean char kshetr haian- gret maunten jon, ganga aur siandhu ka maidan, registan kshetr aur dakshini peniansula.
|
prakritik sansadhan
|
koyala, lauh ayask, maiganij ayask, maika, b aauksait, petroliyam, taitaniyam ayask, kromait, prakritik gais, maiganesait, choona patthar, arabal lend, dolomait, maoolin, jipsam, apadait, phosaphorait, stitail, phlorait adi.
|
prakritik apada
|
manasooni badh, phlesh badh, bhookamp, sookha, zamin khisakana.
|
janasankhya vriddhi dar
|
ausat varshik ghataanki vriddhi dar varsh 2001-2011 ke dauran 1.64 pratishat hai.
|
liang anupat
|
1000:940 (2011)
|
dharm
|
varsh 2001 ki janaganana ke anusar 1,028 miliyan desh ki kul janasankhya mean se 80.5 pratishat ke sath hinduoan ki adhikaanshata hai doosare sthan par 13.4 pratishat ki janasankhya vale muslim isake bad eesaee, sikh, bauddh, jain aur any ate haian.
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saksharata
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74.04% (2011) purush- 82.14% mahilaean- 65.46%
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sambhavit jivan dar
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65.8 varsh (purush); 68.1 varsh (mahila)[34]
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jatiy anupat
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sabhi paanch mukhy prakar ki jatiyaan- aaustreliyad, moangol aauyad, yoorop aauyad, kokosin aur nigroid.
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karyapalika shakha
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bharat ka rashtrapati desh ka pradhan hota hai, jabaki pradhanamantri sarakar ka pramukh hota hai aur mantriparishadh ki sahayata se shasan chalata hai jo mantrimandal mantralay ka gathan karate haian.
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nyayapalika shakha
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bharat ka sarvochch nyayalay bharatiy kanoon vyavastha ka shirsh nikay hai isake bad any uchch nyayalay aur adhinasth nyayalay ate haian.
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any janakari
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bharat ka rashtriy dhvaj ayatakar tiranga hai jisamean kesariya oopar hai, bich mean safed, aur barabar bhag mean niche gahara hara hai. safed patti ke kendr mean gahara nila chakr hai jo saranath mean ashok chakr ko darshata hai.
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bahari k diyaan
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bharat ki adhikarik vebasait
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adyatan
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13:23, 11 navambar 2022 (IST)
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bharat ganarajy shreni vriksh
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